Abstract: A hardness calculation device includes a distance measurement information acquisition unit configured to acquire distance measurement information indicating a distance to a reference position that is a part of a body of an animal, a pressure information acquisition unit configured to acquire pressure information indicating a pressure when a contact section is pressed against a target position that is a part of the body of the animal, the target position being a position different from the reference position, a calculation unit configured to calculate hardness information that is information about a hardness of a tissue existing in the body of the animal at the target position based on the distance measurement information acquired by the distance measurement information acquisition unit and the pressure information acquired by the pressure information acquisition unit, and an output unit configured to output the hardness information calculated by the calculation unit.

Abstract: A coaxial waveguide converter circuit is provided for converting an input/output coaxial section of a traveling-wave tube to a waveguide. The circuit comprises a waveguide matching part for connecting an inner conductor of the coaxial section extending into the waveguide to a wall of the waveguide. The waveguide matching part includes a fitting hole for fitting the inner conductor thereinto, and a plurality of cantilever supports which define the fitting hole at leading end portions thereof. The leading end portions of the plurality of cantilever supports defining the fitting hole are uniformly kept in close contact with a peripheral surface of the inner conductor.

Abstract: A coaxial waveguide converter circuit is provided for converting an input/output coaxial section of a traveling-wave tube to a waveguide. The circuit comprises a waveguide matching part for connecting an inner conductor of the coaxial section extending into the waveguide to a wall of the waveguide. The waveguide matching part includes a fitting hole for fitting the inner conductor thereinto, and a plurality of cantilever supports which define the fitting hole at leading end portions thereof. The leading end portions of the plurality of cantilever supports defining the fitting hole are uniformly kept in close contact with a peripheral surface of the inner conductor.

Abstract: Insulating ceramic parts for insulating collector electrodes in a traveling wave tube and a vacuum envelope are formed in a cylindrical shape in which the central axis of the inner diameter diverges from the central axis of the outer diameter and are constructed such that holes are provided in portions of the insulating ceramic parts where the thickness in the radial direction is great, and high-voltage leads for supplying prescribed voltages to said collector electrodes from the exterior pass through these holes.

Abstract: Insulating ceramic parts for insulating collector electrodes in a traveling wave tube and a vacuum envelope are formed in a cylindrical shape in which the central axis of the inner diameter diverges from the central axis of the outer diameter and are constructed such that holes are provided in portions of the insulating ceramic parts where the thickness in the radial direction is great, and high-voltage leads for supplying prescribed voltages to said collector electrodes from the exterior pass through these holes.

Abstract: Alkoxynaphthalenecarboxylic acid is produced by a process comprising the addition of 1,3-butadiene to alkoxyalkylbenzene to yield an adduct. The adduct is cyclized in the presence of an acid catalyst to alkoxyalkyltetralin. The tetralin derivative is then dehydrogenated to produce aloxyalkylnaphthalene, which is oxidized to alkoxynaphthalenecarboxylic acid.