Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing 7-azabicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-ene-3-carboxylic acid ester (VII) economically, industrially advantageously and efficiently in a large amount.

Abstract: Intermediates for the preparation of himbacine exhibiting muscarinic M2 receptor antagonism, which are hydronaphtho[2,3-c]furan derivatives represented by general formula (1) or intermediates for the preparation thereof: wherein R1 is lower alkyl or aralky; R2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or aralkyl; R3 and R4 together represent oxygen or methylene, or alternatively R4 is hydroxyl, lower alkoxy, aralkyloxy or lower acyloxy, with R3 being hydrogen; R5 and R6 together represent oxygen, or alternatively R6 is hydroxyl, lower alkxy, aralkyloxy or lower acyloxy, with R5 being hydrogen; and either of the broken lines is a single bond and the other thereof is a double bond, or alternatively both are single bonds.

Abstract: In a control device, comprising a plurality of base components connected to one another in series by a composite signal line including a plurality of address signal lines, a control unit fitted onto one of said base components, and a plurality of controlled units adapted to be controlled by said control unit and each fitted onto a selected different one of the remaining base components, the control unit selects one of the address signal lines in the composite signal line, and produces an address signal thereon. The base components associated with the controlled units are provided with respective terminators each corresponding to one of the address signal lines, and these terminators are connected to the corresponding controlled units while the remaining address signal lines are simply passed on. Thereby, the addresses of controlled units are allowed to be automatically set up by the control unit.