Abstract: A first aspect of the present invention is carbon fiber wherein the surface of a monofilament has a center line average roughness Ra of 6.0 nm or more and 13 nm or less, and the monofilament has a long diameter/short diameter ratio of 1.11 or more and 1.245 or less. A second aspect of the present invention is carbon fiber precursor acrylic fiber wherein the surface of a monofilament has a center line average roughness Ra of 18 nm or more and 27 nm or less, and the monofilament has a long diameter/short diameter ratio of 1.11 or more and 1.245 or less. The carbon fiber according to the first aspect is obtained by stabilizing and carbonizing under specific conditions the carbon fiber precursor acrylic fiber according to the second aspect.

Abstract: A joining part disposed between a first board and a second board and joined to the first board and the second board, the joining part being insertion-mounted by inserting at least one of one end and a remaining end thereof into a through hole formed in at least one of the first board and the second board, the joining part includes a body portion disposed between the first board and the second board and having a width larger than a width of the through hole, and an insertion portion having a width smaller than the width of the through hole and inserted into the through hole, wherein, in a step formed by the body portion and the insertion portion, a notch opened to a side surface of the body portion is formed in a step surface that crosses the side surface of the body portion.

Abstract: A joining part disposed between a first board and a second board and joined to the first board and the second board, the joining part being insertion-mounted by inserting at least one of one end and a remaining end thereof into a through hole formed in at least one of the first board and the second board, the joining part includes a body portion disposed between the first board and the second board and having a width larger than a width of the through hole, and an insertion portion having a width smaller than the width of the through hole and inserted into the through hole, wherein, in a step formed by the body portion and the insertion portion, a notch opened to a side surface of the body portion is formed in a step surface that crosses the side surface of the body portion.

Abstract: A circuit board includes: a substrate; a through hole formed in the substrate; and a connection terminal provided in the through hole; wherein the connection terminal includes a pedestal portion provided within the through hole and a pin which is provided at a center of the pedestal portion and extends from the pedestal portion toward a first surface of the substrate, so that a first end portion protrudes from the first surface.

Abstract: There have been disclosed a surface inspection method and a surface inspection apparatus for inspecting the surface of an article, the surface being almost flat and continuous and having non-flat parts with convex shapes and concave shapes provided based on specifications, capable of inspecting for defective parts in the non-flat parts without detecting the non-flat parts as defective parts. The surface inspection apparatus comprises an image pickup device, a correction data calculation unit for calculating non-flat part correction data for making the image of the non-flat part into one equivalent to the image of the flat part based on the difference between the image of the non-flat part and the image of the flat part, a non-flat correction unit for correcting the image of the non-flat part based on the non-flat part correction data, and a defect detection unit for detecting defects on the article surface by processing the image of the article surface after correcting the image of the non-flat part.

Abstract: A method for detecting an edge of a component mounted on a substrate, comprising: a first edge detecting step detecting an edge of the component from image data of the component based on a predetermined first characteristic; and a second edge detecting step detecting an edge of the component from image data of the component based on a predetermined second characteristic.

Abstract: A reading device is disclosed for correctly reading signals from an object to be read, such as bar codes of direct marking formed on the surface of a body, such as a metal body, by utilizing light reflected by the body after projecting light onto the object that is to be read. The reading device has a housing which incorporates therein a light-emitting portion projecting light emitted from an internal source of light onto an object to be read, and a light-receiving portion reading the object to be read by receiving light reflected by the object to be read. A diffusion member is mounted on an end portion of the housing to diffuse illumination light from an external source of light, and to transmit illumination light therethrough at a predetermined rate, and to permit illumination light to uniformly fall on the object to be read.

Abstract: A shading correction apparatus, method, and program capable of realizing high-speed and high-quality correction include: a work as an object to be captured; a capture unit for capturing the work; a background image data generation unit for generating background image data from original image data generated by the capture unit; and a correcting process unit correcting uneven luminance of the original image data using the background image data.

Abstract: There have been disclosed a surface inspection method and a surface inspection apparatus for inspecting the surface of an article, the surface being almost flat and continuous and having non-flat parts with convex shapes and concave shapes provided based on specifications, capable of inspecting for defective parts in the non-flat parts without detecting the non-flat parts as defective parts. The surface inspection apparatus comprises an image pickup device, a correction data calculation unit for calculating non-flat part correction data for making the image of the non-flat part into one equivalent to the image of the flat part based on the difference between the image of the non-flat part and the image of the flat part, a non-flat correction unit for correcting the image of the non-flat part based on the non-flat part correction data, and a defect detection unit for detecting defects on the article surface by processing the image of the article surface after correcting the image of the non-flat part.

Abstract: A method for detecting an edge of a component mounted on a substrate, comprising: a first edge detecting step detecting an edge of the component from image data of the component based on a predetermined first characteristic; and a second edge detecting step detecting an edge of the component from image data of the component based on a predetermined second characteristic.

Abstract: A printed circuit substrate appearance inspection method comprising: an inspection area defining step defining a predetermined inspection area on an image of a printed circuit substrate including a component mounted on the printed circuit substrate; and an appearance inspection step carrying out appearance inspection of the component by analyzing image data in the thus-defined inspection area, wherein: the inspection area defining step comprises the steps of; detecting a printed substrate pattern part around the component on the printed circuit substrate; and defining the predetermined inspection without overlapping with the thus-detected printed substrate pattern part.