Abstract: The heat insulation coating includes the particles (secondary particles) of the silica aerogel (i) and the silica-based binder (ii). The thickness of the heat insulation coating is several 10 to several 100 ?m. The particle size of the secondary particles is distributed in a range from the lower limit Rmin to the upper limit Rmax. The lower limit Rmin is 10 nm. The upper limit Rmax is equal to the coating thickness of the heat insulation coating.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to an internal combustion engine having an anodic oxide coating formed on at least a portion of an aluminum-based wall surface facing a combustion chamber. The anodic oxide coating has a plurality of nanopores extending substantially in the thickness direction of the anodic oxide coating, a first micropore extending from the surface toward the inside of the anodic oxide coating, and a second micropore present in the inside of the anodic oxide coating; the surface opening diameter of the nanopores is 0 nm or larger and smaller than 30 nm; the inside diameter of the nanopores is larger than the surface opening diameter; the film thickness of the anodic oxide coating is 15 ?m or larger and 130 ?m or smaller; and the porosity of the anodic oxide coating is 23% or more.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a cylinder head is described. A masking member is attached to a cylinder head material, which followed by a film formation step. The masking member comprises a mask portion to mask the matching surface with the cylinder block, mask portions to mask each of the openings of intake and exhaust ports and a mask portion to mask at least one narrow region sandwiched between openings of two adjacent port holes and has the shortest distance between opening edges of the two adjacent port holes. All Mask portions are coplanar and linked directly to each other.

Abstract: The heat insulation coating includes the particles (secondary particles) of the silica aerogel (i) and the silica-based binder (ii). The thickness of the heat insulation coating is several 10 to several 100 ?m. The particle size of the secondary particles is distributed in a range from the lower limit Rmin to the upper limit Rmax. The lower limit Rmin is 10 nm. The upper limit Rmax is equal to the coating thickness of the heat insulation coating.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to an internal combustion engine having an anodic oxide coating formed on at least a portion of an aluminum-based wall surface facing a combustion chamber. The anodic oxide coating has a plurality of nanopores extending substantially in the thickness direction of the anodic oxide coating, a first micropore extending from the surface toward the inside of the anodic oxide coating, and a second micropore present in the inside of the anodic oxide coating; the surface opening diameter of the nanopores is 0 nm or larger and smaller than 30 nm; the inside diameter of the nanopores is larger than the surface opening diameter; the film thickness of the anodic oxide coating is 15 ?m or larger and 130 ?m or smaller; and the porosity of the anodic oxide coating is 23% or more.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a cylinder head is described. A masking member is attached to cylinder head material, which followed by a film formation step. The masking member comprises a mask portion to mask the matching surface with the cylinder block, and mask portions to mask each of the openings of the intake ports, the exhaust ports, and the CPS hole. Mask portions are linked directly to other mask portions without any steps.

Abstract: A heat shield film is formed on a bottom surface of a cylinder head and a heat shield film is formed on an inner peripheral surface of a small diameter hole portion. The film is a thermal spraying film made from the same film material. Since the film is thicker than the film, the film has higher thermal capacity than the film and thus heat retaining effect of the film is higher than that of the film. Therefore, combustion gas generated in a combustion chamber is suppressed to lose its momentum around the portion. Even if the combustion gas goes off around the portion, excessive temperature decrease of the combustion gas in the portion is suppressed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine. An object of the invention is to allow an effect produced by an anodic oxide film to be exerted while suppressing a decrease in the combustion rate. A piston 10 includes a cavity portion 20 and a tapered portion 26 that is formed so as to surround the cavity portion 20 on an outer side thereof. The diameter of the tapered portion 26 decreases progressively in the downward direction from the top face side of the piston. A squish portion 28 is formed on an outer side of the tapered portion 26. An anodic oxide film 30 is formed on a surface (tapered face) of the tapered portion 26 and a surface (squish face) of the squish portion 28. The anodic oxide film 30 is not formed on the surface (cavity face) of the cavity portion 20.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine in which an anodic oxide film (10) is formed on part or all of a wall surface facing a combustion chamber, the anodic oxide film (10) has a thickness of 30 ?m to 170 ?m, the anodic oxide film (10) has first micropores (1a) having a micro-size diameter, nanopores having a nano-size diameter and second micropores (1b) having a micro-size diameter, the first micropores (1a) and the nanopores extending from a surface of the anodic oxide film (10) toward an inside of the anodic oxide film (10) in a thickness direction of the anodic oxide film (10) or substantially the thickness direction, the second micropores (1b) being provided inside the anodic oxide film (10), at least part of the first micropores (1a) and the nanopores are sealed with a seal (2) converted from a sealant (2), and at least part of the second micropores (1b) are not sealed.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a cylinder head is described. A masking member is attached to cylinder head material, which followed by a film formation step. The masking member comprises a mask portion to mask the matching surface with the cylinder block, and mask portions to mask each of the openings of the intake ports, the exhaust ports, and the CPS hole. Mask portions are linked directly to other mask portions without any steps.

Abstract: The masking member comprises a matching surface mask portion to mask the matching surface with the cylinder block, port hole mask portions to mask openings of the intake ports and the exhaust ports, and a between openings mask portion to mask a region which is sandwiched between the openings of two adjacent port holes. The matching surface mask portion is linked directly to the port hole mask portions without any steps, and the between openings mask portion is linked directly to both of the port hole mask portions without a step.

Abstract: A heat shield film is formed on a bottom surface of a cylinder head and a heat shield film is formed on an inner peripheral surface of a small diameter hole portion. The film is a thermal spraying film made from the same film material. Since the film is thicker than the film, the film has higher thermal capacity than the film and thus heat retaining effect of the film is higher than that of the film. Therefore, combustion gas generated in a combustion chamber is suppressed to lose its momentum around the portion. Even if the combustion gas goes off around the portion, excessive temperature decrease of the combustion gas in the portion is suppressed.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a piston for an internal combustion engine, a base material of the piston being an aluminum alloy, a cavity being formed in a top surface of the piston, includes a depositing step of depositing a porous anodic oxide coating on a portion of a surface of the base material, the portion corresponding to a wall surface of the cavity, a reinforcing step of reinforcing the anodic oxide coating deposited by the depositing step, a polishing step of forming a smoothed surface of the anodic oxide coating by polishing the anodic oxide coating reinforced by the reinforcing step, and a sealing step of applying a sealant on the smoothed surface of the anodic oxide coating formed by the polishing step.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine. An object of the invention is to allow an effect produced by are anodic oxide film to be exerted while suppressing a decrease in the combustion rate. A piston 10 includes a cavity portion 20 and a tapered portion 26 that is formed so as to surround the cavity portion 20 on an outer side thereof. The diameter of the tapered portion 26 decreases progressively in the downward direction from the top face side of the piston. A squish portion 28 is formed on an outer side of the tapered portion 26. An anodic oxide film 30 is formed on a surface (tapered face) of the tapered portion 26 and a surface (squish face) of the squish portion 28. The anodic oxide film 30 is not formed on the surface (cavity face) of the cavity portion 20.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine in which an anodic oxide film (10) is formed on part or all of a wall surface facing a combustion chamber, the anodic oxide film (10) has a thickness of 30 ?m to 170 ?m, the anodic oxide film (10) has first micropores (1a) having a micro-size diameter, nanopores having a nano-size diameter and second micropores (1b) having a micro-size diameter, the first micropores (1a) and the nanopores extending from a surface of the anodic oxide film (10) toward an inside of the anodic oxide film (10) in a thickness direction of the anodic oxide film (10) or substantially the thickness direction, the second micropores (1b) being provided inside the anodic oxide film (10), at least part of the first micropores (1a) and the nanopores are sealed with a seal (2) converted from a sealant (2), and at least part of the second micropores (1b) are not sealed.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having an anodic oxidation coating formed on at least a part of a wall surface that faces a combustion chamber, wherein the anodic oxidation coating has voids and nano-holes smaller than the voids; at least part of the voids are sealed with a sealant derived by converting a sealing agent; and at least a part of the nano-holes are not sealed.

Abstract: A method for forming a heat insulating film includes: a step of subjecting an aluminum alloy constituting a surface of a base material to an anodic oxidation treatment to form an anodic oxidation coating film having pores formed in the surface thereat a step of coating on the surface of the anodic oxidation coating film a sealing material that includes a silicon-based polymer solution and particles of a heat insulating material that are dispersed in the silicon-based polymer solution and are particles having an average particle diameter that is larger than an average pore diameter of the pores; and a step of drying and baking the sealing material to form a sealing coating film.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in which an anodic oxidation coating film is formed on all or a portion of a wall that faces a combustion chamber, wherein the anodic oxidation coating film has a structure that is provided with a bonding region in which each of hollow cells forming the coating film is bonded to the adjacent hollow cells, and a nonbonding region in which three or more adjacent hollow cells are not bonded to each other, and wherein a porosity of the anodic oxidation coating film is determined by a first void present in the hollow cell and a second void that forms the nonbonding region.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having an anodic oxidation coating formed on at least a part of a wall surface that faces a combustion chamber, wherein the anodic oxidation coating has voids and nano-holes smaller than the voids; at least part of the voids are sealed with a sealant derived by converting a sealing agent; and at least a part of the nano-holes are not sealed.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring properties of scatterers includes: a paraboloidal mirror or a paraboloidal screen; a specimen platform configured to support the scatterer on a focal point of the paraboloidal mirror or the paraboloidal screen; a generator operable to generate an electromagnetic wave having a predetermined wavelength distribution, wherein the generator is configured and positioned to direct the electromagnetic wave directly at the scatterer from all directions above a plane which includes the focal point; an imaging means for imaging, as planar images, scattering waves which are generated by the scatterer upon receiving the electromagnetic wave directly from the generator, and which are then reflected off the paraboloidal mirror or projected onto the paraboloidal screen; and a conversion means for converting the planar images into scattered light distribution information which includes both azimuth and elevation angle information of the scattering waves.