Abstract: A hydraulic pressure control device for an automatic transmission is adapted to smoothly change the slip amount of the automatic transmission when a clutch to clutch shift control is performed. The hydraulic pressure control device uses a reference model showing a behavior with an output corresponding to a predetermined slip amount which smoothly varies over time with respect to a target slip amount which varies in a stepped manner. The hydraulic pressure is applied to a release side frictional engagement element using a controller CEMM (s) which shows a behavior such that the controller CEMM (s) and a controlled object P(s) are collaborated to correspond to the reference model. The controller CEMM (s) and the controlled object P(s) have the hydraulic pressure applied to the release side frictional engagement element of the automatic transmission as an input and the slip amount of the automatic transmission as an output.

Abstract: In defect detecting method for detecting defect of an optical fiber to be measured, in which a laser beam is illuminated onto an optical fiber to be measured from a direction transverse to an optical axis of the fiber to check intensity distribution of forward scattering light permeated through within the optical fiber and scattered, and the defect of the optical fiber to be measured is detected on the basis of a pattern of the intensity distribution, the pattern of the intensity distribution is subjected to a smoothing process having weak smoothness and a smoothing process having strong smoothness to form first and second patterns, respectively, and a judging pattern is formed on the basis of a difference or the quotient between the first and second patterns, and the defect of the optical fiber to be measured is detected by evaluating magnitude of the judging pattern.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for automatically weighing and introducing chemicals are intended to automatically weigh the chemicals and introduce the chemicals into a treatment tank; the chemicals are injected into a chemical container and weighted, and then transported to a dissolving tank adjunct to the treatment tank, and then introduced into the dissolving tank. A control means is provided to put under its control the operations of injecting into a chemical container a desired amount of desired chemicals selected from among plural sorts of chemicals and driving a transportments and an introducing means automatically in association with this injecting operation.

Abstract: Durable excellent water absorption property and antistatic property can be given to synthetic fiber by a simple method. In the method, a polymerization initiator is absorbed in the fiber and then the fiber is applied with a water-soluble polymerizable monomer and heat treated to form a polymer thereon.

Abstract: A novel process for imparting durable antistatic and hygroscopic properties together with an excellent hand to fibers comprised of a high polymer having active hydrogen atoms in its molecule or fibrous structures made thereof is provided. The process is performed by heat treating such fibers or fibrous structures in the presence of a treating solution comprising at least one water-soluble vinyl monomer, acid and water. When the fibers impregnated with the solution are heated, the water-soluble vinyl monomers are graft polymerized with the fibers. The fibers are considered to act as a polymerization initiator, so that the graft polymerization reaction according to the present invention, different from conventional processes, can be effected without the aid of any polymerization initiators such as persulfates or peroxides.