Abstract: A process for converting a heavy hydrocarbon fraction comprises treating the hydrocarbon feed in a hydrodemetallization section, the section comprising at least one fixed bed hydrodemetallization catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for improving the pour point of a feedstock that comprises paraffins of more than 10 carbon atoms, in which the feedstock that is to be treated is brought into contact with a catalyst that comprises the IM-5 zeolite and at least one hydro-dehydrogenating element, at a temperature of between 170 and 500.degree. C., a pressure of between 1 and 250 bar, and an hourly volume velocity of between 0.05 and 100 h.sup.-1, in the presence of hydrogen at a ratio of 50 to 2000 l/l of feedstock. The oils that are obtained have good pour points and high viscosity indices (VI). The process can also be applied to gas-oils and other feedstocks whose pour points need to be lowered.

Abstract: A process for converting a heavy hydrocarbon fraction comprises treating the hydrocarbon feed in a hydroconversion section in the presence of hydrogen, the section comprising at least one three-phase reactor containing at least one ebullated bed hydroconversion catalyst, operating in liquid and gas riser mode, said reactor comprising at least one means for removing catalyst from said reactor and at least one means for adding fresh catalyst to said reactor.

Abstract: The invention concerns a catalyst for conversion of hydrocarbon feeds. The catalyst is essentially constituted by 0.05% to 10% by weight of a precious metal and a silica (5-70%)/alumina support with a specific surface area of 100-500m.sup.2 /g. The catalyst has an average pore diameter of 1-12 nm, the pore volume of pores with diameters between the average diameter.+-.3 nm being more than 40% of the total pore volume. The dispersion of the precious metal is 20-100% and the distribution coefficient for the precious metal is greater than 0.1.The invention also concerns a process for the hydroisomerization of feeds with boiling points of more than 350.degree. C. using this catalyst. The process is operated between 200.degree. C. and 450.degree. C. at 2-25 MPa with a VVH of 0.1-10 h.sup.-1 and a hydrogen/feed volume ratio of 100-2000.

Abstract: The invention concerns a plant for purifying spent oil, including apparatus for dehydration, preferably by atmospheric distillation, directly followed by vacuum distillation producing a residue and at least one distilled oil fraction. The vacuum residue directly undergoes solvent extraction and the clarified oil obtained and the distilled oil fraction(s) undergo finishing hydrotreatment.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the hydroisomerisation treatment for feeds from the Fischer-Tropsch process. The catalyst is essentially constituted by 0.05% to 10% by weight of a precious metal and a silica (5-70%)/alumina support with a specific surface area of 100-500 m.sup.2 /g. The catalyst has an average pore diameter of 1-12 nm, the pore volume of pores with diameters between the average diameter .+-.3 nm being more than 40% of the total pore volume. The dispersion of the precious metal is 20-100% and the distribution coefficient for the precious metal is greater than 0.1. The process is operated at 200.degree.-450.degree. C. at a partial pressure of hydrogen of 2 to 25 MPa with a VVH of 0.1-10 h.sup.-1 and a hydrogen/feed volume ratio of 100-2000.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process and plant for purifying spent oil, comprising dehydration, preferably by atmospheric distillation, directly followed by vacuum distillation producing a residue and at least one distilled oil fraction. The vacuum residue directly undergoes solvent extraction and the clarified oil obtained and the distilled oil fraction(s) undergo finishing hydrotreatment.

Abstract: A process for the joint production of middle distillates and oil bases (viscosity index between 95 and 150) particularly from vacuum distillates and/or deasphalted oils, comprises a first step in which the feedstock is brought into contact with an amorphous catalyst containing at least one metal or metallic compound with a hydro-dehydrogenating function, such as Ni, Mo, W or Co, at a temperature of between 350.degree. C. and 430.degree. C., a pressure of between 5 and 20 MPa, a space velocity of between 0.1 and 5 h.sup.-1 in the presence of hydrogen in a ratio H.sub.2 /HC of 150 to 2,000 by volume. The product from the first step is brought into contact in a second step with a second catalyst comprising a support, a Y zeolite, at least one group VIB element and at least one group VIII metal at a temperature of between 350.degree. C. and 430.degree. C., a pressure of between 5 and 20 MPa and a space velocity of between 0.1 and 5 h.sup.-1.

Abstract: A method of hydrocracking charges emanating from the Fischer-Tropsch process, in which:(a) hydrogen is reacted with the charge in contact with a catalyst 1 in a first reaction zone, the said catalyst 1 comprising at least one alumina-based matrix and at least one hydro-dehydrogenation component;(b) the effluent from the first reaction zone is put into contact with a catalyst 2 in a second reaction zone, the said catalyst 2 comprising:20 to 97% by weight of at least one matrix;3 to 80% by weight of at least one Y zeolite in hydrogen form,the said zeolite being characterized by an SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio of over 4.5:1, a sodium content of less than 1% by weight determined on a zeolite calcined at 1100.degree. C.; an a.sub.o crystal parameter of the elemental mesh of less than 24.70.times.10.sup.-10 m; and a specific surface area determined by the BET method of over 400 m.sup.2.g.sup.-1 ;and at least one hydro-dehydrogenation component.

Abstract: For Hydroisomerizering charges emanating from the Fischer-Tropsch process:a) hydrogen is reacted with the charge in contact with a catalyst 1 in a first reaction zone, the catalyst 1 comprising at least one alumina-based matrix and at least one hydro-dehydrogenation component andb) the effluent from the first reaction zone is put into contact with a catalyst 2 in a second reaction zone, the catalyst 2 comprising:20 to 97% by weight of at least one matrix,3 to 80% by weight of at least one Y zeolite in hydrogen form, the zeolite being characterized by an SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio of over 4.5; a sodium content of less than 1% by weight determined at 1100.degree. C. under calcining conditions; an a.sub.o crystal parameter of the elemental mesh of less than 24.70.times.10.sup.-10 m; and a specific surface area determined by the BET method of over 400 m.sup.2.g.sup.-1, andat least one hydro-dehydrogenation component.

Abstract: Process for deasphalting a hydrocarbon charge by means of a deasphalting solvent.The charge (1) is introduced, at 100.degree.-200.degree. C., in admixture with a deasphalting solvent (3and 4), into a settler (7). The deasphalted oil (24) is separated from the solvent (23). Asphalt (9) is washed in a column and then separated from the washing liquid (21).

Abstract: A treatment of highly viscous and very dense oils at the oil field to effect their desalting, and resulting in the production of an easily transportable hydrocarbon mixture of reduced viscosity, comprising the steps of:(a) diluting the crude oil with a hydrocarbon cut obtained in step (d);(b) subjecting the effluent from step (a) to a desalting-dehydration treatment;(c) subjecting the effluent from step (b) to hydrovisbreaking; and(d) distilling the effluent from step (c), and recycling a hydrocarbon cut to step (a), the remaining part forming a synthetic crude oil of reduced viscosity.

Abstract: A process for conversion of an asphaltenes-containing heavy oil or heavy oil fraction to lighter fractions comprises 3 steps of: catalytic hydrodemetallation, hydrovisbreaking and catalytic hydrodesulfuration.

Abstract: An asphaltene-containing heavy oil or heavy oil fraction is converted to lighter fractions in a process comprising three steps: a hydrovisbreaking, a catalytic hydrodemetallation and catalytic hydrodesulfuration.

Abstract: A process for the hydrotreatment of a heavy hydrocarbon fraction containing sulfur and metal impurities comprises at least two steps: a first step using a catalyst comprising a low proportion of at least one metal of groups V, VI and VIII, said catalyst being in the form of a plurality of juxtaposed agglomerates each formed of a plurality of acicular plates, the plates of each agglomerate being generally oriented radially with respect to one another and with respect to the center of the agglomerate, the carrier of this catalyst being preferably inert; and a second step using a catalyst which could be of the same type but with a higher proportion of metals. This process is useful for the conversion of crude oils, straight run hydrocarbon residues, deasphalted oils, asphalts dissolved in aromatic distillates and coal hydrogenates.

Abstract: Process for reducing the viscosity of a highly viscous hydrocarbon charge containing 10-30% b.w. of constituents distilling above 375.degree. C., said treatment comprising hydrovisbreaking said charge to such an extent as to convert 10 to 30% of the 375.degree. C..sup.+ fraction to a 375.degree. C..sup.- fraction, fractionating the hydrovisbreaked product to separate a fraction comprising at least 90% of the constituents boiling below 375.degree. C. from a distillation residue, deasphalting said distillation residue and admixing at least a portion of the deasphalted distillation residue with at least a portion of said fraction comprising at least 90% of the constituents boiling below 375.degree. C.

Abstract: Process for deasphalting an asphaltene-containing hydrocarbon charge wherein said charge, admixed with a first fraction of light paraffinic hydrocarbon solvent, is passed through an elongate zone inclined by 2.degree. to 15.degree. to a horizontal line while a second fraction of light paraffinic hydrocarbon solvent is introduced at one or more points of the lower half of said elongate zone, downwardly in an angle from 10.degree. to 80.degree. with the main axis thereof oriented in the direction of flow of the mixture, and wherein the upper phase of deasphalted oil and the lower asphalt phase are separately withdrawn, the light hydrocarbon being separated from each of these phases.

Abstract: Hydrorefining of a hydrocarbon charge of high metal content with a catalyst containing alumina, a metal from group VI and a metal from the iron group, of a specific surface from 120 to 200 m.sup.2 /g, a total pore volume from 0.8 to 1.2 cc/g and a pore distribution as follows:0 to 10% of pores smaller than 100 A35 to 60% of pores from 100 to 600 A35 to 55% of pores greater than 600 A,including 10 to 25% of pores greater than 10,000 A, said catalyst optionally containing additionally an alkaline-earth metal.

Abstract: Heavy asphaltenic oils are converted to lighter fractions by(a) Deasphalting the asphaltenic oil with an aliphatic C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 hydrocarbon,(b) Maintaining the oil with hydrogen at 440.degree.-530.degree. C. and 40-140 bars in a non-catalytic conversion zone, and(c) Feeding the product of step (b) to a catalytic conversion zone at 320.degree.-430.degree. C. and 40-140 bars, the catalyst in said zone comprising at least one molybdenum and/or tungsten compound and at least one nickel and/or cobalt compound.