Abstract: A fluid impervious wall skin provides an interstitial space. The wall is formed from a composite material, the composite material comprising a plurality of layers including:, a first layer of flexible material having adhesive on at least one surface thereof for attachment to a structural wall; a layer comprising a spacer; and a second layer of flexible material; the layers of the composite material are attached a structural wall and one to the other by adhesive between adjacent layers, and the spacer provides the interstitial space N between the said first and second layers of flexible material within the said composite material.

Abstract: A wall having a fluid impervious coating thereon and further having a monitoring arrangement which provides for monitoring the condition of the wall.

Abstract: A bolted flange joint sealing and monitoring apparatus with the bolting flange joint having two flanges abutting one another at an interface and the abutting flanges providing an inner surface and an outer surface. A layer of sealant applied to the interface and an area of the abutting flanges. An inner and outer surface of sheet material providing an air space. A sealant forming an air tight space. A vacuum source in communication with the air tight space and a vacuum monitor monitoring the status of a vacuum in the air tight space.

Abstract: A fluid impervious wall skin provides an interstitial space. The wall is formed from a composite material, the composite material comprising a plurality of layers including:, a first layer of flexible material having adhesive on at least one surface thereof for attachment to a structural wall; a layer comprising a spacer; and a second layer of flexible material; the layers of the composite material are attached a structural wall and one to the other by adhesive between adjacent layers, and the spacer provides the interstitial space N between the said first and second layers of flexible material within the said composite material.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing an interstitial space to the surface of wall, the apparatus comprises: an adhesive layer; a layer of fluid impervious and weather proof material in form of a tape, the tape partially overlapping itself; a layer of spacer material situated between the surface of the tape facing the wall and the surface of the adhesive layer distal from the wall. The spacer material has ends which are encapsulated, the apparatus providing a sealed interstitial space.

Abstract: A weld seam monitoring apparatus includes a layer of sealant applied to the area surrounding the weld seam; a first layer of sheet material adapted to provide an air space and overlying the weld seam; a second layer of sheet material overlying the first layer of sheet material; and a fluid impermeable sealant overlying the second layer of sheet material. An air tight space is formed between the second layer of sheet material and the weld seam. The apparatus further includes a vacuum source, and the air tight space is in fluid communication with the vacuum source. The apparatus further includes vacuum monitoring means configured to monitor the status of a vacuum created in the air tight space.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing an interstitial space to the surface of wall, the apparatus comprises: an adhesive layer; a layer of fluid impervious and weather proof material in form of a tape, the tape partially overlapping itself; a layer of spacer material situated between the surface of the tape facing the wall and the surface of the adhesive layer distal from the wall. The spacer material has ends which are encapsulated, the apparatus providing a sealed interstitial space.

Abstract: A weld seam monitoring apparatus includes a layer of sealant applied to the area surrounding the weld seam; a first layer of sheet material adapted to provide an air space and overlying the weld seam; a second layer of sheet material overlying the first layer of sheet material; and a fluid impermeable sealant overlying the second layer of sheet material. An air tight space is formed between the second layer of sheet material and the weld seam. The apparatus further includes a vacuum source, and the air tight space is in fluid communication with the vacuum source. The apparatus further includes vacuum monitoring means configured to monitor the status of a vacuum created in the air tight space.

Abstract: A lining system for lining a surface generates a fluid impervious lining and an interstitial space between said lining and said surface. The system includes a layer comprising a flexible material having an adhesive coating on each side thereof, a second layer of flexible material, and a spacing means to generate a gap between the first and second layers, the gap constituting the interstitial space, and a coating, the coating comprising a curable material which cures to form a hard fluid impervious coating.

Abstract: A magnetic attachment device comprises a pad, the pad including a base, a backing plate mounting a plurality of magnets, and a top plate. The base is connected to the backing plate and the top plate is connected to the backing plate, the top plate being connected to the backing plate by fasteners, and the pad further comprises flexible sealant situated in a void formed between surfaces of the base and/or the magnets and/or the backing plate.

Abstract: A magnetic attachment device comprises a pad, the pad including a base, a backing plate mounting a plurality of magnets, and a top plate. The base is connected to the backing plate and the top plate is connected to the backing plate, the top plate being connected to the backing plate by fasteners, and the pad further comprises flexible sealant situated in a void formed between surfaces of the base and/or the magnets and/or the backing plate.

Abstract: Apparatus for use in lining a curved wall comprising staging (5), which staging includes a deck (6) and anchor plates (7, 7a) attached at opposing. ends of the deck (6), wherein the anchor plates (7, 7a) are attached to the deck (6) by respective pivots such that, in use, the anchor plates (7, 7a) engage with the surface of the wall (4) and wherein a line extending between the ends of the anchor plate (7, 7a) forms a chord to the curve of the wall.

Abstract: A lining system for lining a surface generates a fluid impervious lining and an interstitial space between said lining and said surface. The system includes a layer comprising a flexible material having an adhesive coating on each side thereof, a second layer of flexible material, and a spacing means to generate a gap between the first and second layers, the gap constituting the interstitial space, and a coating, the coating comprising a curable material which cures to form a hard fluid impervious coating.