Abstract: A device having: a scintillator material, an optically transparent element containing a glass or polymer and gadolinium oxide, and one or more photomultiplier tubes adjacent to the scintillator material. The optically transparent element is surrounded by the scintillator material.

Abstract: A device having: a scintillator material, an optically transparent element containing a glass or polymer and gadolinium oxide, and one or more photomultiplier tubes adjacent to the scintillator material. The optically transparent element is surrounded by the scintillator material.

Abstract: An optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeter system. An OSL reader configured to produce data indicative of a radiation exposure, one or more OSL dosimeters fabricated from a thermoluminescent material, a light stimulation source configured to stimulate the OSL dosimeter to produce luminescence emissions, and a light-detection system that measures the intensity of such luminescence emissions and converts the electrical signal to a binary string that can be processed by an appropriately programmed computer configured to analyze data from the reader and produce data indicative of an extent of radiation exposure. Dose information is obtained without requiring heating of the dosimeter. The dosimeter can be interrogated multiple times with minimal loss of dose information.

Abstract: A glass pipette such as an electrode for electrophysiological recording is coated with quantum dots. This greatly aids the ability to observe the glass pipette, particular in tissue as the quantum dots provide an excellent performance under two-photon illumination used to visualize objects at depths of hundreds of microns.

Abstract: An optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeter system. An OSL reader configured to produce data indicative of a radiation exposure, one or more OSL dosimeters fabricated from a thermoluminescent material, a light stimulation source configured to stimulate the OSL dosimeter to produce luminescence emissions, and a light-detection system that measures the intensity of such luminescence emissions and converts the electrical signal to a binary string that can be processed by an appropriately programmed computer configured to analyze data from the reader and produce data indicative of an extent of radiation exposure. Dose information is obtained without requiring heating of the dosimeter. The dosimeter can be interrogated multiple times with minimal loss of dose information.

Abstract: A device having: a scintillator material having an atom having an atomic number of at least 45, and one or more photomultiplier tubes adjacent to the scintillator material.

Abstract: Described herein is a time-gated, two-step FRET relay effective to provide temporal transference of a prompt FRET pathway, or provide spectro-temporal encoding analytical signals and other information. A FRET relay assembly includes a long lifetime FRET donor (for example, a lanthanide complex), a semiconductor quantum dot (QD) configured as an intermediate acceptor/donor in FRET, and a fluorescent dye configured as a terminal FRET acceptor, wherein the long lifetime FRET donor has an excited state lifetime of at least one microsecond and the QD and fluorescent dye each have excited state lifetimes of less than 100 nanoseconds.

Abstract: Described herein is a time-gated, two-step FRET relay effective to provide temporal transference of a prompt FRET pathway, or provide spectro-temporal encoding analytical signals and other information. A FRET relay assembly includes a long lifetime FRET donor (for example, a lanthanide complex), a semiconductor quantum dot (QD) configured as an intermediate acceptor/donor in FRET, and a fluorescent dye configured as a terminal FRET acceptor, wherein the long lifetime FRET donor has an excited state lifetime of at least one microsecond and the QD and fluorescent dye each have excited state lifetimes of less than 100 nanoseconds.

Abstract: A closed-cell foam glass structure comprising a multitude of micron-sized voids enclosed by interconnected glass membranes with sub-micron thickness wherein the voids are from about 30% to about 70% of the volume.

Abstract: A device having: a scintillator material having an atom having an atomic number of at least 45, and one or more photomultiplier tubes adjacent to the scintillator material.

Abstract: A device having: a scintillator material, an optically transparent element containing a glass or polymer and gadolinium oxide, and one or more photomultiplier tubes adjacent to the scintillator material. The optically transparent element is surrounded by the scintillator material.

Abstract: A closed-cell foam glass structure comprising a multitude of micron-sized voids enclosed by interconnected glass membranes with sub-micron thickness wherein the voids are from about 30% to about 70% of the volume.

Abstract: A method of making a closed-cell silica foam glass is provided which can include diffusing a substance into a porous glass substrate to form an impregnated substrate, sealing the impregnated glass substrate and heating to a first temperature, wherein the pressure is greater than one atmosphere, heating the container to a second temperature, wherein the second temperature is higher than first temperature, removing the solid glass, non-porous substrate, and heating the solid glass, non-porous substrate to a third temperature to soften the solid glass, non-porous substrate and thereby expand the solid glass, non-porous substrate. A closed-cell silica foam product is provided which can have a closed-cell structure and high temperature insulating property.

Abstract: Images are formed by exposing optically transparent, optically stimulable luminescent glasses including luminescent centers and trapping centers, to patterned, ionizing radiation. The images may be read immediately, using scintillation, or may be stored in the glasses for subsequent reading using optically stimulated detrapping of stored charges.

Abstract: A passive optical limiter for protecting a light-sensitive object from damage due to an incident light beam above a first predetermined value of light intensity is disclosed.

Abstract: Objects are marked for identification by a luminescent label including an optically stimulable glass having trapping centers and luminescence centers. The objects are marked by exposing the luminescent label to a radiation flux to populate metastable trapping centers in the luminescent label. The labels are read by exposing the label to a second radiation flux of optical radiation, to stimulate the release of trapped charges, causing the label to luminesce. The labels may also be read without previously populating these metastable trapping centers, by stimulating prompt luminescence through exposure to a flux of UV radiation. The label is made from an optically stimulable glass, where this glass has a glass matrix with defects, where these defects may be: (i) an alkaline earth sulfide, activator Sm ions, and an additional coactivator dopant (Eu or Ce); (ii) ZnS and activator ions (Cu, Pb, Mn, Ce, Eu, Ag, Au, or Fe); or (iii) activator ions without metal sulfides.

Abstract: A volume hologram is created by exposing a volume holographic optical storage medium comprising a doped optically transparent glass matrix having a scattering coefficient of less than 10.sup.-5 cm.sup.-1 to an interference pattern created by intersecting a spatially modulated object beam with a reference beam, the object beam and the reference beam each having a wavelength of less than about 300 nm. The glass matrix may be doped with any of the following: (1) nanocrystalline semiconductor particles and an activator, (2) an alkaline earth sulfide, Sm ions, and an additional dopant selected from the group consisting of Eu ions and Ce ions, (3) ZnS and an additional dopant selected from the group consisting of Pb ions, Cu ions, and Mn ions and (4) Cu or Ce ions.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the measurement of fast neutrons is described. he apparatus comprises a proton radiator with a doped glass, such as a Nd-doped glass containing ZnS:Cu. The dosimeter may be read by either laser heating or infrared stimulation of the glass or by direct scintillation. The fast neutron dose in a mixed field of gamma rays and fast neutrons can be measured by comparison of a dosimeter without a proton radiator and a dosimeter with a proton radiator.

Abstract: An optically-stimulated luminescent radiation dosimeter system for the ree monitoring of radiation sources is disclosed. The system includes a radiation-sensitive optically-stimulated dosimeter which utilizes a new, doped glass material disposed at a remote location for storing energy from ionizing radiation when exposed thereto and for releasing the stored energy in the form of optically-stimulated luminescent light at a first wavelength when stimulated by exposure to light energy at a stimulating second wavelength.

Abstract: An optical filter that uses multiple reflections to provide spectral bandpass filtering of ultraviolet, visible and infrared radiation with a very high transmission of wavelengths within a selected passband coupled with exceptional off-band rejection. The reflection filter uses dielectric-coated spherical reflectors or mirrors manufactured with absorbing glass substrates. The multiple-pass feature of the reflection filter is achieved using a traditional long-path absorption cell such as a White Cell or Wilkes Cell. The light transmitted through the reflection filter is only that light which has undergone multiple reflections as the wavelengths of high mirror reflectivity reflect off the dielectric-coated substrates. All remaining light at wavelengths corresponding to high mirror transmission is attenuated by absorption in the mirror substrate.