Abstract: Consciousness is widely considered to be a mysterious and uniquely human trait, which cannot be achieved artificially. On the contrary, a system and method are disclosed for a computational machine that can recognize itself and other agents in a dynamic environment, in a way that seems quite similar to biological consciousness in humans and animals. The machine comprises an artificial neural network configured to identify correlated temporal patterns and attribute causality and agency. The machine is further configured to construct a virtual reality environment of agents and objects based on sensor inputs, to create a coherent narrative, and to select future actions to pursue goals. Such a machine may have application to enhanced decision-making in autonomous vehicles, robotic agents, and intelligent digital assistants.

Abstract: A superconducting memory cell includes a magnetic Josephson junction (MJJ) with a ferromagnetic material, having at least two switchable states of magnetization. The binary state of the MJJ manifests itself as a pulse appearing, or not appearing, on the output. A superconducting memory includes an array of memory cells. Each memory cell includes a comparator with at least one MJJ. Selected X and Y-directional write lines in their combination are capable of switching the magnetization of the MJJ. A superconducting device includes a first and a second junction in a stacked configuration. The first junction has an insulating layer barrier, and the second junction has an insulating layer sandwiched in-between two ferromagnetic layers as barrier. An electrical signal inputted across the first junction is amplified across the second junction.

Abstract: Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors have recently been developed for a wide range of applications, including imaging and communications. An improved detection system is disclosed, whereby the detectors are monolithically integrated on the same chip with Josephson junctions for control and data processing. This enables an enhanced data rate, thereby facilitating several new and improved applications. A preferred embodiment comprises integrated digital processing based on single-flux-quantum pulses. An integrated multilayer fabrication method for manufacturing these integrated detectors is also disclosed. Preferred examples of systems comprising such integrated nanowire photon detectors include a time-correlated single photon counter, a quantum random number generator, an integrated single-photon imaging array, a sensitive digital communication receiver, and quantum-key distribution for a quantum communication system.

Abstract: A system and method for high-speed, low-power cryogenic computing are presented, comprising ultrafast energy-efficient RSFQ superconducting computing circuits, and hybrid magnetic/superconducting memory arrays and interface circuits, operating together in the same cryogenic environment. An arithmetic logic unit and register file with an ultrafast asynchronous wave-pipelined datapath is also provided. The superconducting circuits may comprise inductive elements fabricated using both a high-inductance layer and a low-inductance layer. The memory cells may comprise superconducting tunnel junctions that incorporate magnetic layers. Alternatively, the memory cells may comprise superconducting spin transfer magnetic devices (such as orthogonal spin transfer and spin-Hall effect devices). Together, these technologies may enable the production of an advanced superconducting computer that operates at clock speeds up to 100 GHz.

Abstract: A cryogenic optoelectronic data link, comprising a sending module operating at a cryogenic temperature less than 100 K. An ultrasensitive electro-optic modulator, sensitive to input voltages of less than 10 mV, may include at least one optically active layer of graphene, which may be part of a microscale resonator, which in turn may be integrated with an optical waveguide or an optical fiber. The optoelectronic data link enables optical output of weak electrical signals from superconducting or other cryogenic electronic devices in either digital or analog form. The modulator may be integrated on the same chip as the cryogenic electrical devices. A plurality of cryogenic electrical devices may generate a plurality of electrical signals, each coupled to its own modulator. The plurality of modulators may be resonant at different frequencies, and coupled to a common optical output line to transmit a combined wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) optical signal.

Abstract: A cryogenic optoelectronic data link, comprising a sending module operating at a cryogenic temperature less than 100 K. An ultrasensitive electro-optic modulator, sensitive to input voltages of less than 10 mV, may include at least one optically active layer of graphene, which may be part of a microscale resonator, which in turn may be integrated with an optical waveguide or an optical fiber. The optoelectronic data link enables optical output of weak electrical signals from superconducting or other cryogenic electronic devices in either digital or analog form. The modulator may be integrated on the same chip as the cryogenic electrical devices. A plurality of cryogenic electrical devices may generate a plurality of electrical signals, each coupled to its own modulator. The plurality of modulators may be resonant at different frequencies, and coupled to a common optical output line to transmit a combined wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) optical signal.

Abstract: A system and method for high-speed, low-power cryogenic computing are presented, comprising ultrafast energy-efficient RSFQ superconducting computing circuits, and hybrid magnetic/superconducting memory arrays and interface circuits, operating together in the same cryogenic environment. An arithmetic logic unit and register file with an ultrafast asynchronous wave-pipelined datapath is also provided. The superconducting circuits may comprise inductive elements fabricated using both a high-inductance layer and a low-inductance layer. The memory cells may comprise superconducting tunnel junctions that incorporate magnetic layers. Alternatively, the memory cells may comprise superconducting spin transfer magnetic devices (such as orthogonal spin transfer and spin-Hall effect devices). Together, these technologies may enable the production of an advanced superconducting computer that operates at clock speeds up to 100 GHz.

Abstract: Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors have recently been developed for a wide range of applications, including imaging and communications. An improved detection system is disclosed, whereby the detectors are monolithically integrated on the same chip with Josephson junctions for control and data processing. This enables an enhanced data rate, thereby facilitating several new and improved applications. A preferred embodiment comprises integrated digital processing based on single-flux-quantum pulses. An integrated multilayer fabrication method for manufacturing these integrated detectors is also disclosed. Preferred examples of systems comprising such integrated nanowire photon detectors include a time-correlated single photon counter, a quantum random number generator, an integrated single-photon imaging array, a sensitive digital communication receiver, and quantum-key distribution for a quantum communication system.

Abstract: A superconducting memory cell includes a magnetic Josephson junction (MJJ) with a ferromagnetic material, having at least two switchable states of magnetization. The binary state of the MJJ manifests itself as a pulse appearing, or not appearing, on the output. A superconducting memory includes an array of memory cells. Each memory cell includes a comparator with at least one MJJ. Selected X and Y-directional write lines in their combination are capable of switching the magnetization of the MJJ. A superconducting device includes a first and a second junction in a stacked configuration. The first junction has an insulating layer barrier, and the second junction has an insulating layer sandwiched in-between two ferromagnetic layers as barrier. An electrical signal inputted across the first junction is amplified across the second junction.

Abstract: Consciousness is widely considered to be a mysterious and uniquely human trait, which cannot be achieved artificially. On the contrary, a system and method are disclosed for a computational machine that can recognize itself and other agents in a dynamic environment, in a way that seems quite similar to biological consciousness in humans and animals. The machine comprises an artificial neural network configured to identify correlated temporal patterns and attribute causality and agency. The machine is further configured to construct a virtual reality environment of agents and objects based on sensor inputs, to create a coherent narrative, and to select future actions to pursue goals. Such a machine may have application to enhanced decision-making in autonomous vehicles, robotic agents, and intelligent digital assistants.

Abstract: Consciousness is widely considered to be a mysterious and uniquely human trait, which cannot be achieved artificially. On the contrary, a system and method are disclosed for a computational machine that can recognize itself and other agents in a dynamic environment, in a way that seems quite similar to biological consciousness in humans and animals. The machine comprises an artificial neural network configured to identify correlated temporal patterns and attribute causality and agency. The machine is further configured to construct a virtual reality environment of agents and objects based on sensor inputs, to create a coherent narrative, and to select future actions to pursue goals. Such a machine may have application to enhanced decision-making in autonomous vehicles, robotic agents, and intelligent digital assistants.

Abstract: A cryogenic optoelectronic data link, comprising a sending module operating at a cryogenic temperature less than 100 K. An ultrasensitive electro-optic modulator, sensitive to input voltages of less than 10 mV, may include at least one optically active layer of graphene, which may be part of a microscale resonator, which in turn may be integrated with an optical waveguide or an optical fiber. The optoelectronic data link enables optical output of weak electrical signals from superconducting or other cryogenic electronic devices in either digital or analog form. The modulator may be integrated on the same chip as the cryogenic electrical devices. A plurality of cryogenic electrical devices may generate a plurality of electrical signals, each coupled to its own modulator. The plurality of modulators may be resonant at different frequencies, and coupled to a common optical output line to transmit a combined wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) optical signal.

Abstract: A system and method for high-speed, low-power cryogenic computing are presented, comprising ultrafast energy-efficient RSFQ superconducting computing circuits, and hybrid magnetic/superconducting memory arrays and interface circuits, operating together in the same cryogenic environment. An arithmetic logic unit and register file with an ultrafast asynchronous wave-pipelined datapath is also provided. The superconducting circuits may comprise inductive elements fabricated using both a high-inductance layer and a low-inductance layer. The memory cells may comprise superconducting tunnel junctions that incorporate magnetic layers. Alternatively, the memory cells may comprise superconducting spin transfer magnetic devices (such as orthogonal spin transfer and spin-Hall effect devices). Together, these technologies may enable the production of an advanced superconducting computer that operates at clock speeds up to 100 GHz.

Abstract: A superconducting memory cell includes a magnetic Josephson junction (MJJ) with a ferromagnetic material, having at least two switchable states of magnetization. The binary state of the MJJ manifests itself as a pulse appearing, or not appearing, on the output. A superconducting memory includes an array of memory cells. Each memory cell includes a comparator with at least one MJJ. Selected X and Y-directional write lines in their combination are capable of switching the magnetization of the MJJ. A superconducting device includes a first and a second junction in a stacked configuration. The first junction has an insulating layer barrier, and the second junction has an insulating layer sandwiched in-between two ferromagnetic layers as barrier. An electrical signal inputted across the first junction is amplified across the second junction.

Abstract: A cryogenic optoelectronic data link, comprising a sending module operating at a cryogenic temperature less than 100 K. An ultrasensitive electro-optic modulator, sensitive to input voltages of less than 10 mV, may include at least one optically active layer of graphene, which may be part of a microscale resonator, which in turn may be integrated with an optical waveguide or an optical fiber. The optoelectronic data link enables optical output of weak electrical signals from superconducting or other cryogenic electronic devices in either digital or analog form. The modulator may be integrated on the same chip as the cryogenic electrical devices. A plurality of cryogenic electrical devices may generate a plurality of electrical signals, each coupled to its own modulator. The plurality of modulators may be resonant at different frequencies, and coupled to a common optical output line to transmit a combined wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) optical signal.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance system, comprising at least one SQUID, configured to receive a radio frequency electromagnetic signal, in a circuit configured to produce a pulsatile output having a minimum pulse frequency of at least 1 GHz which is analyzed in a processor with respect to a timebase, to generate a digital signal representing magnetic resonance information. The processor may comprise at least one rapid single flux quantum circuit. The magnetic resonance information may be image information. A plurality of SQUIDs may be provided, fed by a plurality of antennas in a spatial array, to provide parallel data acquisition. A broadband excitation may be provided to address a range of voxels per excitation cycle. The processor may digitally compensate for magnetic field inhomogeneities.

Abstract: A system and method for high-speed, low-power cryogenic computing are presented, comprising ultrafast energy-efficient RSFQ superconducting computing circuits, and hybrid magnetic/superconducting memory arrays and interface circuits, operating together in the same cryogenic environment. An arithmetic logic unit and register file with an ultrafast asynchronous wave-pipelined datapath is also provided. The superconducting circuits may comprise inductive elements fabricated using both a high-inductance layer and a low-inductance layer. The memory cells may comprise superconducting tunnel junctions that incorporate magnetic layers. Alternatively, the memory cells may comprise superconducting spin transfer magnetic devices (such as orthogonal spin transfer and spin-Hall effect devices). Together, these technologies may enable the production of an advanced superconducting computer that operates at clock speeds up to 100 GHz.

Abstract: Consciousness is widely considered to be a mysterious and uniquely human trait, which cannot be achieved artificially. On the contrary, a system and method are disclosed for a computational machine that can recognize itself and other agents in a dynamic environment, in a way that seems quite similar to biological consciousness in humans and animals. The machine comprises an artificial neural network configured to identify correlated temporal patterns and attribute causality and agency. The machine is further configured to construct a virtual reality environment of agents and objects based on sensor inputs, to create a coherent narrative, and to select future actions to pursue goals. Such a machine may have application to enhanced decision-making in autonomous vehicles, robotic agents, and intelligent digital assistants.

Abstract: A cryogenic optoelectronic data link, comprising a sending module operating at a cryogenic temperature less than 100 K. An ultrasensitive electro-optic modulator, sensitive to input voltages of less than 10 mV, may include at least one optically active layer of graphene, which may be part of a microscale resonator, which in turn may be integrated with an optical waveguide or an optical fiber. The optoelectronic data link enables optical output of weak electrical signals from superconducting or other cryogenic electronic devices in either digital or analog form. The modulator may be integrated on the same chip as the cryogenic electrical devices. A plurality of cryogenic electrical devices may generate a plurality of electrical signals, each coupled to its own modulator. The plurality of modulators may be resonant at different frequencies, and coupled to a common optical output line to transmit a combined wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) optical signal.

Abstract: A system and method for high-speed, low-power cryogenic computing are presented, comprising ultrafast energy-efficient RSFQ superconducting computing circuits, and hybrid magnetic/superconducting memory arrays and interface circuits, operating together in the same cryogenic environment. An arithmetic logic unit and register file with an ultrafast asynchronous wave-pipelined datapath is also provided. The superconducting circuits may comprise inductive elements fabricated using both a high-inductance layer and a low-inductance layer. The memory cells may comprise superconducting tunnel junctions that incorporate magnetic layers. Alternatively, the memory cells may comprise superconducting spin transfer magnetic devices (such as orthogonal spin transfer and spin-Hall effect devices). Together, these technologies may enable the production of an advanced superconducting computer that operates at clock speeds up to 100 GHz.