Abstract: A gravure method for applying a discrete patch (12) of uniform coating to a moving web (14) includes defining a nip area (20) between a gravure roller (16) and a backing roller (22), moving the gravure roller to the nip to a precise lengthwise location on the web, and moving the gravure roller from the nip. The method is improved by controlling the speed of movement of the gravure roller to the nip, and controlling the speed of movement of the gravure roller from the nip thereby producing a discrete patch.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring web planarity includes a horizontal reference surface and a light source for projecting a light pattern onto the reference surface at an angle. A web is supported above the reference surface. An imaging device detects (1) positions on the reference plane of interception of discrete regions of the projected light pattern and (2) respective positions on the web of interception of the same discrete regions of the projected light pattern. The imaging device determines the vertical offset of the respective positions on the web as a function of differences in the detected positions on the reference plane and the respective detected positions on the web. A measure of non-planarity of the web is calculated based upon a comparison of a plurality of such vertical offsets from a plurality of detected positions of the web.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring web planarity includes a horizontal reference surface and a light source for projecting a light pattern onto the reference surface at an angle. A web is supported above the reference surface. An imaging device detects (1) positions on the reference plane of interception of discrete regions of the projected light pattern and (2) respective positions on the web of interception of the same discrete regions of the projected light pattern. The imaging device determines the vertical offset of the respective positions on the web as a function of differences in the detected positions on the reference plane and the respective detected positions on the web. A measure of non-planarity of the web is calculated based upon a comparison of a plurality of such vertical offsets from a plurality of detected positions of the web.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring web alignment at a splice disposed between a trailing end of an expiring web and a leading end of a new web. The apparatus includes a speed monitor monitoring the moving webs. A splice sensor indicates the presence and absence of the splice while an edge sensor provides a signal indicating the position of the edge relative to a reference position. The edge signals are manipulated to provide a skew and offset value which provides a measurement of web alignment.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for sampling liquids is disclosed. The apparatus includes a pipet having a chamber, a first opening at one end for introducing liquid into the chamber, and a second opening at the other end for introducing or removing a gas for respectively pressurizing or depressurizing the chamber. Positioned in the chamber is a freely movable first sealing member having a specific gravity greater than the specific gravity of the liquid and a first seat, for cooperatively containing a sample of liquid in the chamber. Also positioned in the chamber is a freely movable second sealing member having a specific gravity less than the specific gravity of the liquid and a second seat, for cooperatively limiting further flow of liquid into the chamber once a sample is obtained. Equipment for introducing or removing a gas is also provided.