Abstract: A resin distribution system and method for use in resin transfer molding including a 3-D orthogonal fiber structure having capillary channels therein for permitting a fluid to flow through the structure, wherein the 3-D orthogonal fiber structure further includes X-, Y-, and Z-direction fiber systems, each of having substantially no crimp within a body of the structure, thereby providing a system for distributing the fluid uniformly through the structure.

Abstract: A machine for producing complex-shaped, three-dimensional engineered fiber preforms having unitary, integral and seamless structures and, a method for making the preforms on the machine, and preforms produced thereby. The integral design and structure of the preform is formed by a combination of interlacing and non-interlacing fiber systems that permits variable cross-sectional area and dimensions from a first end to a second end along an axis via selective activation and control of at least one module, preferably a plurality of moduli connected to each other in any desirable configuration.

Abstract: A three-dimensional engineered fiber preform having a unitary, integral and seamless structure and rigid composite structure made therefrom for use as a mechanical component, particularly for use as a valve, and method for making the preform. The integral design and structure of the preform is formed by a combination of interlacing and non-interlacing fiber systems that permits variable cross-sectional area and dimensions from a first end to a second end along an axis, or from a stem end to a head end of a valve.