Abstract: [Object] To provide an optical element and an electronic apparatus that can be miniaturized, reduce a height, and increase a response speed as well as realizing modulation with a high transmitted light intensity or a high reflected light intensity. [Solving Means] An optical element according to the present technology includes a first light reflecting layer, a first dielectric thick film layer, a multilayer film laminate, a second dielectric thick film layer, and a second light reflecting layer. The first dielectric thick film layer is formed of a dielectric and arranged on the first light reflecting layer. The multilayer film laminate is a multilayer film laminate arranged on the first dielectric thick film layer and includes a plurality of transparent conductor thin films capable of controlling optical transition energy by a Fermi level adjustment and a dielectric thin film that is an atomic layer thin film arranged between a plurality of the transparent conductor thin films.

Abstract: A plasmonic structure (10) comprising a layer of metal (14) in which the metal is selected from: a Group 8 to Group 11 transition metal, aluminum, germanium, antimony or bismuth, and a barrier layer (16) formed from a 2-D material disposed on a surface of the layer of metal (14). The metal layer has a roughness that permits the propagation of running plasmons along the interface of the metal layer and the barrier layer.

Abstract: A plasmonic structure (10) comprising a layer of metal (14) in which the metal is selected from: a Group 8 to Group 11 transition metal, aluminium, germanium, antimony or bismuth, and a barrier layer (16) formed from a 2-D material disposed on a surface of the layer of metal (14). The metal layer has a roughness that permits the propagation of running plasmons along the interface of the metal layer and the barrier layer.