Abstract: A method for producing uniform nonwoven webs from a supply of unordered fibre material includes discharging a quantity of fibre material onto a needle-type transport system having needles which are movable along a transport path, taking-up the fibre material by way of the needles on the needle-type transport system, transporting the fibre material in the needle-type transport system to an end of the transport system, discharging the fibre material onto an opening roller, separating the discharged fibre material on the opening roller and transferring the fibre material which has been separated on the opening roller onto a cylinder. An apparatus for producing uniform nonwoven webs includes a needle-type transport system for transporting fibre material along a transport path, an opening roller positioned along the transport path adjacent one end of the transport system and a rotatable cylinder positioned adjacent the opening roller for receiving the fibre material from the opening roller.

Abstract: In a process for preparing and fixing samples of fibres to be analysed optically, a plurality of fibres (5) to be analysed is laid on a first transparent plate (2), the first plate (2) and the fibres (5) lying on it are covered by a second transparent plate (1) and the two plates (1,2) are pressed together and simultaneously displaced coplanarly with respect to each other to form a fixed sample composed of parallel, longitudinally aligned fibres (5).

Abstract: A separation apparatus for fiber webs (6) with parallelized fiber positions wound on a processing drum (4) includes an arm (1) rocking relative to the processing drum, the arm carrying a separation comb (13). The arm and its separation comb (13) are mounted for movement along and controlled by the shape of a separation cam (3) implementing the separation of the fiber web (6) wound on the processing drum (4) at a specified site and the unwinding of the separated fiber web from the processing drum (4) by the free end of the fiber web (6) along a generatrix of the surface of the processing drum (4).

Abstract: A disordered material of staple fibers is separated into individual uniform and parallel fibers to prepare representative, textile samples. A piece of the original fiber material (6) to be analyzed is moved into a space between two mutually parallel disks (1, 2) which are held at a constant distance from each other and are equipped with sets of mutually engaging needles with serrate profiles (3, 4) which penetrate the fiber material (6). The two disks (1, 2) are moved relative to each other while preserving their mutual spacing and the needles linearly resolve the fiber material (6) into its individual fibers. A sample clamp (5) is used to remove a random, orthogonal cross-sectional sample (11), which sample (11) substantially matches by its composition that of the original fiber material (6) and accordingly is suitable for carrying out diverse quality tests.

Abstract: A method for making slivers of fibers with parallelized fibers from sets of tangled or matted fibers includes the steps of winding a pre-measured amount of partially oriented fiber material onto a first carding drum (3), detaching the annular fiber web from the first carding drum (3) at a specific site and separating the web from the drum. The separated fiber web is wound off the first carding drum by the detached free end of the web, and the fiber web is stretched. The stretched fiber web is wound onto a second carding drum (8) folded over onto itself, and the doubled fiber web is detached from the second carding drum at a specific site. The detached fiber web is wound off the second carding drum (8) by the detached free end of the fiber web and the fiber web is again stretched. The stretched fiber web is wound onto the first carding drum and the winding and stretching steps are repeated until satisfactory parallelization has taken place, whereupon the iteration cycle is ended.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electrical contact member by splitting an end portion of a bar longitudinally into two parts, flattening and bending the two parts thus obtained.