Abstract: In a double frog for track crossings with two opposing noses that are realized in a common material block and to which a check rail with at least one guide surface for a wheel is assigned, the check rail region featuring the guide surface is separably fastened on a check rail mounting that is realized in one piece with the material block.

Abstract: In a double frog for track crossings with two opposing noses that are realized in a common material block and to which a check rail with at least one guide surface for a wheel is assigned, the check rail region featuring the guide surface is separably fastened on a check rail mounting that is realized in one piece with the material block.

Abstract: A method and a device for checking a circuit path of a circuit for adherence to set-up and hold times are provided. A timing behavior of the circuit path is designated as being correct if at least one pair of set-up and hold times from predefined set-up and hold times that are for the circuit path does not produce any timing infringement in the circuit path. Otherwise, the timing behavior of the circuit path is classified as being defective. This decreases the number of circuit paths wrongly designated as being defective by the use of pairs of predefined set-up and hold times and decreases the chip area for buffers.

Abstract: A system and method for obtaining information about an electronic device includes the steps of providing a criterion for a property of the electronic device depending on at least one device parameter, and determining a relationship between variations of the at least one device parameter and variations of the property.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for performing timing analyses of an electronic circuit are provided. Waveforms of signals in the circuit are determined, and timing checks are performed based on these waveforms.

Abstract: A method for estimating a terminal capacitance associated with a terminal of a cell of a digital circuit includes providing first and second capacitance values associated with an upper and lower bound, respectively, on the terminal capacitance, providing results of a timing analysis of the digital circuit, and determining an estimation value for the terminal capacitance based on the results of the timing analysis and at least one of the first and second capacitance values. A system for estimating a terminal capacitance includes a storage unit which stores the first and second capacitance values and a processor which performs a timing analysis of the digital circuit and determines an estimation value for the terminal capacitance based on the timing analysis and at least one of the first and second capacitance values.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are disclosed for obtaining information about an electronic device, wherein a criterion or function for a property of said electronic device depending on at least one device parameter is used.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for performing timing analyses of an electronic circuit are provided. Waveforms of signals in the circuit are determined, and timing checks are performed based on these waveforms.

Abstract: A method for estimating a terminal capacitance associated with a terminal of a cell including a digital circuit includes providing first and second capacitance values associated with an upper and lower bound, respectively, on the terminal capacitance, providing results of a timing analysis of the digital circuit, and determining an estimation value for the terminal capacitance based on the results of the timing analysis and at least one of the first and second capacitance values. A system for estimating a terminal capacitance includes a storage unit which stores the first and second capacitance values and a processor which performs a timing analysis of the digital circuit and determines an estimation value for the terminal capacitance based on the timing analysis and at least one of the first and second capacitance values.

Abstract: According to the invention a characteristic property of an electronic circuit component depending on at least one variable (X1, X2) is approximated by an approximating function. This is accomplished by dividing a total range of said least one variable into a number of sub-ranges by inserting dividing nodes (4), and approximating characterization data points (2) in each of the sub-ranges by an elementary function, wherein the elementary functions defined in the sub-ranges join together to form said approximating function defined in said total range. The approximation is accomplished such that the approximating function is continuously partial differentiable with respect to said at least one variable (X1, X2) in the dividing nodes (4).

Abstract: An evaporator shell is mounted on the half-shell of a condenser housing. The evaporator shell is retained with the aid of retaining claws that engage from the rear with catching flanks formed on the upper half-shell.

Abstract: A method and a device for checking a circuit path of a circuit for adherence to set-up and hold times are provided. A timing behavior of the circuit path is designated as being correct if at least one pair of set-up and hold times from predefined set-up and hold times that are for the circuit path does not produce any timing infringement in the circuit path. Otherwise, the timing behavior of the circuit path is classified as being defective. This decreases the number of circuit paths wrongly designated as being defective by the use of pairs of predefined set-up and hold times and decreases the chip area for buffers.

Abstract: An evaporator shell is mounted on the half-shell of a condenser housing. The evaporator shell is retained with the aid of retaining claws that engage from the rear with catching flanks formed on the upper half-shell.

Abstract: According to the invention a characteristic property of an electronic circuit component depending on at least one variable (X1, X2) is approximated by an approximating function. This is accomplished by dividing a total range of said least one variable into a number of sub-ranges by inserting dividing nodes (4), and approximating characterization data points (2) in each of the sub-ranges by an elementary function, wherein the elementary functions defined in the sub-ranges join together to form said approximating function defined in said total range. The approximation is accomplished such that the approximating function is continuously partial differentiable with respect to said at least one variable (X1, X2) in the dividing nodes (4).

Abstract: A device for processing slides-mounted samples where a slide is urged against a cell block so that a chamber is formed between cell block and slide. Via a fluid channel having a funnel at its one end, the chamber can be filled with liquid by means of a pipetting device having a connecting tip which matches the supply funnel. A device for processing samples where a contact pressure plate serves to press a slide against the cell block of the device. A device for processing samples comprising a down-pressure element which, when in non-operating mode, blocks the device from supplying liquid and where liquid can be supplied when said element is pressed down.

Abstract: An integrated semiconductor configuration includes a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type being connected to a first supply potential, having a first region in which switching stages with signal terminals are disposed, and having at least a second region in which at least one connecting line is disposed for connecting the signal terminals of the switching stages. A multiplicity of doping zones are disposed in the second region and have a second conductivity type complementary to the first conductivity type. The doping zones are connected to a second supply potential, the doping zones have a total surface area, and at least a portion of the total surface area is located under the at least one connecting line. The first and second regions are strip-shaped. The first and second regions have long sides bordering one another. The second region has a width and each of the doping zones of the second region extend over the width of the second region.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for the mechanical refining of high consistency lignocellulosic feed material in a frustroconical refining zone, by facilitating the backflow of steam generated in the refining zone through the upstream feed zone which, despite the backflow of steam, imparts outward force on the feed material sufficient for the material to enter the refining zone and pass therethrough, without blockage or flow interruption. This is accomplished by providing, immediately upstream of the frustroconical refining zone (46), a hybrid feed/grinding zone (104), which acts on the wood chips with relatively high refining intensity at low refining power, so as to reduce the size of the material and outwardly convey the material by centrifugal force into the frustroconical refining zone against the backflowing steam, but without generating steam in the hybrid zone.

Abstract: In a reversing device for the movable parts of a railway switch, in which movable wing rails are, in their end positions, alternately engaging the frog and are supported in their engaging positions by supporting rods extending in the longitudinal direction of the wing rails and which are slideably guided on the sleepers or, respectively, base plates, the supporting rods include at least one thrust support cooperating, for the purpose of shifting the wing rails relative to the frog, with thrust supports of the wing rails. In this case, at least one of the mutually cooperating surfaces of the thrust supports of a wing rail and/or supporting rod is formed of a wedge surface passing over into a supporting surface extending in essentially parallel relation to the longitudinal direction of the supporting rod. The supporting surface cooperates, in the position in which the wing rail contacts the frog, with the thrust support of the wing rail.

Abstract: In a reversing device for movable parts of a railway switch within the deflection area of a railway switch, in particular tongue rails, monorail deflection device or movable stock rails, in which device the movable rails can be caused to contact rigid switch parts, the movable rails are supported in their contacting position by supporting rods extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail the supporting rods are slideably guided on the sleepers or, respectively, base plates in the longitudinal direction of the rails. In this case, the supporting rods are designed as adjusting members for the reversing operation and comprise thrust supports cooperating with thrust supports of the movable rails for shifting the rails. At least one of the mutually cooperating surfaces of the thrust supports of rail and/or of supporting rod is formed of a wedge surface passing over into a supporting surface extending in an essentially parallel relation to the longitudinal direction of the supporting rod.

Abstract: In a reversing device for rails which are swivelable around a swivelling axis, or for movable frogs within the crossing area of a railway switch, the swivelable rails or, respectively, the movable frogs are supported in their position being in alignment with wing rails or, respectively, connecting rails or, respectively, being in contact with such rails by supporting ro)$