Abstract: An example image sensor structure includes an image layer. The image layer includes an array of light detectors disposed therein. A device stack is disposed over the image layer. An array of light guides is disposed in the device stack. Each light guide is associated with at least one light detector of the array of light detectors. A passivation stack is disposed over the device stack. The passivation stack includes a bottom surface in direct contact with a top surface of the light guides. An array of nanowells is disposed in a top layer of the passivation stack. Each nanowell is associated with a light guide of the array of light guides. A crosstalk blocking metal structure is disposed in the passivation stack. The crosstalk blocking metal structure reduces crosstalk within the passivation stack.

Abstract: Disclosed in one example is an apparatus including a substrate, a sensor over the substrate including an active surface and a sensor bond pad, a molding layer over the substrate and covering sides of the sensor, the molding layer having a molding height relative to a top surface of the substrate that is greater than a height of the active surface of the sensor relative to the top surface of the substrate, and a lidding layer over the molding layer and over the active surface. The lidding layer and the molding layer form a space over the active surface of the sensor that defines a flow channel.

Abstract: Flow cells systems and corresponding methods are provided. The flow cells systems may include a socket comprising a base portion, a plurality of electrical contacts and a cover portion that includes a first port. The flow cells systems may also include a flow cell device secured within an enclosure of the socket. The flow cell device may comprise a frameless light detection device comprising a base wafer portion, a plurality of dielectric layers, a reaction structure, a plurality of light guides, a plurality of light sensors, and device circuitry electrically coupled to the light sensors. The flow cell device may also comprise a lid forming a flow channel over the reaction structure that includes a second port in communication with the flow channel and the first port of the socket. The device circuity of the light detection device may be electrically coupled to the electrical contacts of the socket.

Abstract: Flow cells and corresponding methods are provided. The flow cells may include a support frame with top and back sides, and at least one cavity extending from the top side. The flow cells may include at least one light detection device with an active area disposed within the at least one cavity. The flow cells may include a support material disposed within the at least one cavity between the support frame and the periphery of the at least one light detection device coupling them together. The flow cells may include a lid extending over the at least one light detection device and coupled to the support frame about the periphery of the at least one light detection device. The lid and at least a top surface of the at least one light detection device form a flow channel therebetween.

Abstract: A biosensor for base calling is provided. The biosensor comprises a sampling device, which includes a sample surface that has an array of pixel areas and a solid-state imager that has an array of sensors. Each sensor generates pixel signals in each base calling cycle. Each pixel signal represents light gathered in one base calling cycle from one or more clusters in a corresponding pixel area of the sample surface. The biosensor further comprises a signal processor configured for connection to the sampling device. The signal processor receives and processes the pixel signals from the sensors for base calling in a base calling cycle, and uses the pixel signals from fewer sensors than a number of clusters base called in the base calling cycle. The pixel signals from the fewer sensors include at least one pixel signal representing light gathered from at least two clusters in the corresponding pixel area.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a sample surface of a biosensor includes pixel areas and holds a plurality of clusters during a sequence of sampling events such that the clusters are distributed unevenly over the pixel areas. In another embodiment, a biosensor has a sample surface that includes pixel areas and an array of wells overlying the pixel areas, the biosensor including two wells and two clusters per pixel area. The two wells per pixel area include a dominant well and a subordinate well. The dominant well has a larger cross section over the pixel area than the subordinate well. In yet another embodiment, an illumination system is coupled to a biosensor that illuminates the pixel areas with different angles of illumination during a sequence of sampling events, including, for a sampling event, illuminating each of the wells with off-axis illumination to produce asymmetrically illuminated well regions in each of the wells.

Abstract: An example image sensor structure includes an image layer. The image layer includes an array of light detectors disposed therein. A device stack is disposed over the image layer. An array of light guides is disposed in the device stack. Each light guide is associated with at least one light detector of the array of light detectors. A passivation stack is disposed over the device stack. The passivation stack includes a bottom surface in direct contact with a top surface of the light guides. An array of nanowells is disposed in a top layer of the passivation stack. Each nanowell is associated with a light guide of the array of light guides. A crosstalk blocking metal structure is disposed in the passivation stack. The crosstalk blocking metal structure reduces crosstalk within the passivation stack.

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques for providing active interference cancellation in a wireless communication system having a Bluetooth transmit chain and a WLAN receive chain. A signal sampled from the Bluetooth transmit chain is gain and phase adjusted to offset interference in the WLAN receive chain. A quadrature phase shifter may be used to generate quadrature components of the sampled signal that are selectively combined to achieve a desired phase adjustment. The phase shifter may be stabilized by a variable capacitor. These techniques may be extended to MIMO systems.

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques for providing active interference cancellation in a wireless communication system having a Bluetooth transmit chain and a WLAN receive chain. A signal sampled from the Bluetooth transmit chain is gain and phase adjusted to offset interference in the WLAN receive chain. A quadrature phase shifter may be used to generate quadrature components of the sampled signal that are selectively combined to achieve a desired phase adjustment. The phase shifter may be stabilized by a variable capacitor. These techniques may be extended to MIMO systems.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the present invention, at least at one stage of a Sigma-Delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is disclosed to include means for receiving a voltage at least one of the inputs of an operational amplifier, the operational amplifier having at least one output coupled to the at least one of the inputs via an at least one integration capacitor, means for transforming the voltage to a current and means for integrating the current on the at least one of the integration capacitors, during integration time and varying the resistance of at least one of a variable resistors coupled to the operational amplifier during integration time.

Abstract: An error-corrected representation of an input signal, such as a bioluminescence signal, is generated. An analog representation of the input signal is oversampled and quantized to provide a first-stage digital output and a residual error. The residual error is provided as a second-stage digital output using successive approximation. The first-stage and second-stage digital outputs are used to generate an error-corrected representation of the bioluminescence signal.

Abstract: An error-corrected representation of an input signal, such as a bioluminescence signal, is generated. An analog representation of the input signal is oversampled and quantized to provide a first-stage digital output and a residual error. The residual error is provided as a second-stage digital output using successive approximation. The first-stage and second-stage digital outputs are used to generate an error-corrected representation of the bioluminescence signal.