Abstract: A composite plastering material and a method of making the same are provided. The composite plastering material includes a mixture of sand-silica and Abelmoschus esculentus powder. The composite plastering material has increased compressive strength depending upon the concentration of Abelmoschus esculentus powder used. The method of making the composite plastering material includes sieving the sand-silica to produce sand-silica of a uniform particle size, mixing powdered Abelmoschus esculentus powder with the sand-silica to produce a first mixture, and mixing water with the first mixture to produce the composite plastering material. Optionally, the method may also include milling the sand-silica prior to sieving and combining the sand-silica with the Abelmoschus esculentus powder. The composite plastering material may then be plaster cast, such as by pressing the composite plastering material in a hot press and drying the resulting composite material in an oven.

Abstract: Antimicrobial bi-metallic polymeric composites are provided. The bi-metallic polymeric composites include a first metal, a second metal, and a polymeric material and demonstrate especially rapid clearance of a wide variety of bacterial species. Thus, the bi-metallic polymeric composites may be useful in forming or surface treating materials where anti-bacterial properties are desired, including but not limited to surfaces requiring regular sanitization, such as high-contact surfaces in public facilities, medical facilities, or for use in the home. The first metal and the second metal may be any metals affording an electromotive force and may be selected to provide a particular electromotive force.

Abstract: A system and method of desalinating a brine stream are provided. The multistage desalination process with carbon dioxide capture recovers valuable products where the reject brine is passed through seven stages. In each stage, a specific metal ion is recovered. In stage 1, a ˜100% recovery of magnesium ions as magnesium hydroxide solid was obtained by chemical reaction with ammonia solution. In stage 2, Na+ reduction, as sodium bicarbonate, and CO2 uptake was achieved. In stage 3, electrocoagulation (EC) was used to recover sulfate ions as pure calcium sulfate solid and to regenerate NH3 as ammonium hydroxide. In stage 4, CaO was added to the treated brine. In stage 5, more recovery of NaHCO3 was attained by adding ammonium bicarbonate, while in stage 6, the treated brine mixture was passed through another modified Solvay process. In stage 7, EC was again used to recover CaCl2 solution and NH3 compounds.

Abstract: The hydroxyethyl cellulose derived from biomass is made by preparing a biomass by extracting resins and waxes, acid leaching, and alkali treatment to obtain a cellulose-rich residue, and then bleaching the cellulose-rich residue, followed by hydroxyethylation of the cellulose to obtain hydroxyethyl cellulose. The use of hydroxyethyl cellulose in brine treatment include reacting concentrated brine and hydroxyethyl cellulose with an effluent gas stream to capture CO2 and reduce salinity of the concentrated brine. The reduced salinity brine may then be useful for enhanced oil recovery methods.

Abstract: An arid land sprinkler device includes a sprinkler head frame having a base connectable to a water supply source; at least one sprinkler arm extending from the sprinkler head frame, the sprinkler arm receiving water from the water supply source, wherein water source pushes a piston rod positioned within a pop-up box which consequentially pushes a shaft tube of the arid land sprinkler device also positioned within the pop-up box, causing the shaft tube to pop upwards and open outside of the pop-up box, causing a hydraulic arm with an aerator screen to open. A process of showering raindrops for watering an area using an arid land sprinkler is also disclosed enabling the at least one sprinkler arm to rotate in a full circle (360°) or a half circle (180°), based on plant needs, thereby preventing evaporation, overwatering of root zones, and overlapping wetting zones.

Abstract: A method of dissolving lignocellulosic biomass waste includes obtaining raw lignocellulosic biomass waste, reducing a size of the biomass waste to provide a biomass particle size of less than about 200 ?m; using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) solvents to dissolve the biomass particles and achieve a dissolved lignocellulose solution. The present method dissolves at least about 94% of the lignocellulose fraction in the waste biomass. In an embodiment, the biomass particle size can be about 180 ?m.

Abstract: A method for capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from an effluent gas using a rice-derived product can include providing a rice-derived product, adjusting a pH of the rice-derived product; and contacting the effluent gas with the rice-derived product to capture the carbon dioxide from the effluent gas mixture in the rice-derived product. In an embodiment, the rice-derived product includes puffed rice grains. In an embodiment, the rice-derived product includes a rice cake. In an embodiment, the rice-derived product is loaded into a gas contact device prior to contacting withe the effluent gas.

Abstract: The hydroxyethyl cellulose derived from biomass is made by preparing a biomass by extracting resins and waxes, acid leaching, and alkali treatment to obtain a cellulose-rich residue, and then bleaching the cellulose-rich residue, followed by hydroxyethylation of the cellulose to obtain hydroxyethyl cellulose. The use of hydroxyethyl cellulose in brine treatment include reacting concentrated brine and hydroxyethyl cellulose with an effluent gas stream to capture CO2 and reduce salinity of the concentrated brine. The reduced salinity brine may then be useful for enhanced oil recovery methods.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an eco-friendly sand-made paper and a method of manufacturing thereof. In an aspect, the proposed sand-made paper can be obtained/manufactured through a method comprising the steps of treating a polymer with a solvent so as to obtain solvent treated polymer; and processing said solvent treated polymer with fine powdered sand optionally with a binder to yield said sand-made paper.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an eco-friendly sand-made paper and a method of manufacturing thereof. In an aspect, the proposed sand-made paper can be obtained/manufactured through a method comprising the steps of treating a polymer with a solvent so as to obtain solvent treated polymer; and processing said solvent treated polymer with fine powdered sand optionally with a binder to yield said sand-made paper.