Abstract: A method of manufacturing aromatic hydrocarbons, which are suitable for the production of terephthalic acid, from tall oil-based raw material. According to the invention, the raw material that contains tall oil or its fraction is catalytically deoxygenated with hydrogen, and one or more aromatic hydrocarbons that can be converted into terephthalic acid are separated from the deoxygenated reaction yield. The deoxygenation catalyst is a NiMo catalyst and, in addition, a cracking catalyst can be used, such as an acidic zeolite catalyst. The separated hydrocarbon can be p-xylene, o-xylene or p-cymene. According to the invention, these can be converted by oxidation and, when needed, by a re-arrangement reaction into terephthalic acid that is suitable for the source material of the manufacture of bio-based polyethylene terephthalate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparation a glycolide polyester by ring opening polymerization characterized in that glycolide monomer with optional co-monomer(s) of cyclic ester(s) is/are subjected to ring opening polymerization in the presence of a dispersion stabilizer and a catalyst, said catalyst being selected for precipitating glycolide homopolymer or copolymer from solvent, said solvent being selected so that the glycolide monomer and the optional co-monomer(s), the dispersion stabilizer and the catalyst are soluble therein but said glycolide homopolymer or copolymer is non-soluble. The present invention further relates to an in situ ring opening polymerizing process product, and to use of said glycolide polyester, and to further processing of said glycolide polyester.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a thermoplastic coating on a substrate from a hemicellulose polymer or a cellulose polymer wherein the method comprises at least following steps: —providing a cellulose polymer or a hemicellulose polymer having at least one hydroxyl group which can be used for forming cellulose or hemicellulose ester, —reacting hemicellulose polymer or cellulose polymer with a residue originating to fatty acid with an aliphatic carbon tail of 4-28 carbons or ester thereof, for obtaining hemicellulose fatty acid ester or cellulose fatty acid ester, —dispersing the hemicellulose fatty acid ester or cellulose fatty acid ester into aqueous solution, —dispersion coating a substrate with dispersed hemicellulose fatty acid ester or cellulose fatty acid ester for preparing a coated substrate and —heating the coated substrate for preparing a substrate provided with a coating, so that the substrate provided with a coating is heat-sealable with the same substrate provided with said coating

Abstract: A process for treating cellulosic fibers comprises mechanically pre-treating the fibers followed by treating the fibers with an enzyme and thereafter mixing the fibers with a solution comprising an alkali metal hydroxide followed by mechanically treating the fibers to form microfibrillated cellulose. In this way it is possible to produce microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) in an improved and energy efficient way.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of microfibrillated cellulose wherein the process comprises the steps of, providing a slurry comprising fibers, adding the slurry to an extruder, treating the slurry in the extruder so that the fibers are defibrillated and microfibrillated cellulose is formed. The invention further relates to a microfibrillated cellulose produced.

Abstract: A method for preparing a specific product from a polysaccharide in which at least one hydroxyl of a saccharide unit is substituted with an ether or ester moiety. The ether or ester moiety is provided with ethenyl and/or epoxy functionality for preparing an activatable polysaccharide polymer and the activatable polysaccharide polymer with ethenyl and/or epoxy functionality is optionally reacted with an additional coupling reagent, having at least two coupling functionality for preparing polysaccharide polymer with additional activatable crosslinker.

Abstract: Provided are biomass-based materials and valuable uses of microalgal biomass including: (i) acetylation of microalgal biomass to produce a material useful in the production of thermoplastics; (ii) use of triglyceride containing microalgal biomass for production of thermoplastics; (iii) combination of microalgal biomass and at least one type of plant polymer to produce a material useful in the production of thermoplastics; (iv) anionization of microalgal biomass to form a water absorbant material; (v) cationization of microalgal biomass, and optional flocculation, to form a water absorbant material; (vi) crosslinking of anionized microalgal biomass; (vii) carbonization of microalgal biomass; and (viii) use of microalgal biomass in the making of paper.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing aromatic hydrocarbons, which are suitable for the production of terephthalic acid, from tall oil-based raw material. According to the invention, the raw material that contains tall oil or its fraction is catalytically deoxygenated with hydrogen, and one or more aromatic hydrocarbons that can be converted into terephthalic acid are separated from the deoxygenated reaction yield. The deoxygenation catalyst is a NiMo catalyst and, in addition, a cracking catalyst can be used, such as an acidic zeolite catalyst. The separated hydrocarbon can be p-xylene, o-xylene or p-cymene. According to the invention, these can be converted by oxidation and, when needed, by a re-arrangement reaction into terephthalic acid that is suitable for the source material of the manufacture of bio-based polyethylene terephthalate.

Abstract: Biobased p-cymene and methods of producing same, which can further be converted to terephtalate. Further, a method is described for converting crude sulfate turpentine recovered from chemical wood pulping into p-cymene and eventually to terephtalic acid of biological origin, and and products thereof respectively. In said method, both conversion and desulfurization is realized in one reaction step. The disclosure is also related to use of zeolite catalysts in said method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for priming a substrate by contacting the substrate with a primer fed from a primer source and depositing the primer on the substrate. Compared to other priming methods, the claimed priming gives better results because the deposition is carried out electrostatically.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for manufacturing fibres comprising a melting furnace, a crucible within said furnace comprising at least one orifice (6) and at least one induction coil (4) for heating the melting furnace and the crucible. In a typical system according to the invention, the crucible comprises at least a first part (1) made of graphite and comprising said at least one orifice (6). The invention also relates to the use of the system as well as to a method for manufacturing fibres and to said fibres.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for priming a substrate by contacting the substrate with a primer fed from a primer source and depositing the primer on the substrate. Compared to other priming methods, the claimed priming gives better results because the deposition is carried out electrostatically.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of microfibrillated cellulose wherein the process comprises the steps of, providing a slurry comprising fibers, adding the slurry to an extruder, treating the slurry in the extruder so that the fibers are defibrillated and microfibrillated cellulose is formed. The invention further relates to a microfibrillated cellulose produced.

Abstract: A process for treating cellulosic fibres comprises mechanically pre-treating the fibres followed by treating the fibres with an enzyme and thereafter mixing the fibres with a solution comprising an alkali metal hydroxide followed by mechanically treating the fibres to form microfibrillated cellulose. In this way it is possible to produce microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) in an improved and energy efficient way.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of treating chemical pulp fibres by a polymerizing hydroxy acid, the fibres thus obtained and the products refined from them. In the method, the hydroxy acid reacts with the reactive groups of the fibres in the presence of a catalyst, forming ester bonds. The following units of the same hydroxy acid are oligomerized and/or polymerized to these grafted acid residues. The fibres thus treated and the products refined thereof endure better processing stages that include drawing and stretching than untreated fibres.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing olefinic monomers for the production of a polymer. The invention particularly relates to the production of tall oil-based biopolymers, such as polyolefins. In the stages of the method bio oil, with a content of over 50% of fatty acids of tall oil and no more than 25% of resin acids of tall oil, and hydrogen gas are fed into a catalyst bed (7); the oil is catalytically deoxygenated in the bed by hydrogen; the flow exiting the bed is cooled down and divided into a hydrocarbon-bearing liquid phase (10) and a gas phase; and the hydrocarbon-bearing liquid (13) is subjected to steam cracking (4) to provide a product containing polymerizing olefins. The deoxygenation in the bed can be followed by a catalytic cracking or, with a suitable catalyst, the deoxygenation and cracking can be simultaneous. The separated hydrogen-bearing gas phase can be circulated in the process.

Abstract: The invention relates to barrier products and a method for the manufacture thereof. The product comprises a fibrous substrate, a coating layer on at least one surface of the fibrous substrate, and a barrier applied on the coating layer, comprising a thin film with a thickness of less than about 1 micrometer and capable of providing barrier properties to the fibrous product. According to the invention, the coating layer comprises biopolymer, which have been found to be suitable for atomic layer deposition of thin barrier films comprising e.g. metal oxide. Improved oxygen, water vapour and aroma barrier properties can be achieved by the invention for papers and paperboards for packaging purposes.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method for forming particles or droplets of at least one substance comprising the steps of providing a foamed medium, which foamed medium comprises said substance, and forming particles or droplets of said substance at least partly by electrostatic processing. The use of foamed medium in electrostatic processing enables higher production speeds and increases the evenness of a coating layer formed by electrospinning or electrospraying the particles or droplets on a substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flexible and porous fabric structure comprising a support structure (1) and a coating material for use in a paper machine. The coating material (2) is arranged solely on the surface of the support structure (1) at a predefined location(s) so that the coating material (2) does not substantially alter the permeability properties of the support structure (1). The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a fabric structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for manufacturing fibres comprising a melting furnace, a crucible within said furnace comprising at least one orifice (6) and at least one induction coil (4) for heating the melting furnace and the crucible. In a typical system according to the invention, the crucible comprises at least a first part (1) made of graphite and comprising said at least one orifice (6). The invention also relates to the use of the system as well as to a method for manufacturing fibres and to said fibres.