Abstract: Various implementations include a Human Thermoregulation Simulator (HTRS) that simulates the natural and primary thermoregulatory functions of a patient that are relevant during therapeutic hypothermia procedures. For example, in various implementations, a HTRS includes a core container configured to be at least partially filled with water, and the core container includes a heat generator configured to heat the water inside the core container. A middle container is disposed concentrically around the core container, and the middle container includes a foam layer configured to be saturated by water. An outer container is disposed concentrically around the middle container, and the outer container includes a network of tubing disposed on at least a portion of an inner surface of the outer container. The HTRS also includes a pump configured to circulate water from the core container through the network of tubing.

Abstract: The hiccup relieving apparatus includes a tube with a first end having a mouthpiece, a second end for immersion in water or other potable liquid in a container, and an obstruction in the tube between the first end and the second end. The obstruction requires an adult user, using the mouthpiece, to produce a threshold suction of at least 20 cm of water before water can flow from the water in the water container, through the tube, through the mouthpiece, and to the user. The obstruction can take the form of a threshold valve in the tube, a sized orifice in the immersed end of the tube, or a wad of cellulosic material in the tube.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to compositions and methods for treating a subject suffering from anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. The method comprises administering to a patient in need of treatment an effective amount of tramadol before and/or during administration of therapeutic plasma exchange.

Abstract: The hiccup relieving apparatus includes a body with a first end having a mouthpiece, a second end having a restriction in the body between the first end and the second end. The restriction makes it difficult to draw fluid through the body to the user's mouth. The fluid can be air or the body can be immersed in water or other potable liquid in a container. The restriction requires an adult user, using the mouthpiece, to produce a threshold suction of for example water before water can flow from the water in the water container, through the body, through the mouthpiece, and to the user.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to compositions and methods for treating a subject suffering from anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. The method comprises administering to a patient in need of treatment an effective amount of tramadol before and/or during administration of therapeutic plasma exchange.

Abstract: Various implementations include a Human Thermoregulation Simulator (HTRS) that simulates the natural and primary thermoregulatory functions of a patient that are relevant during therapeutic hypothermia procedures. For example, in various implementations, a HTRS includes a core container configured to be at least partially filled with water, and the core container includes a heat generator configured to heat the water inside the core container. A middle container is disposed concentrically around the core container, and the middle container includes a foam layer configured to be saturated by water. An outer container is disposed concentrically around the middle container, and the outer container includes a network of tubing disposed on at least a portion of an inner surface of the outer container. The HTRS also includes a pump configured to circulate water from the core container through the network of tubing.