Abstract: A cooling apparatus and method for cooling a structure using boiling fluid acted upon by centrifugal force. The cooling apparatus has an actuator with a shaft, a heat transfer member with a heat transfer surface and a fluid passageway connected to the shaft and in thermal communication with the structure. The cooling apparatus can be used to cool the anode of an x-ray tube.

Abstract: A camera attachment converts a standard day-light video camera into a day/night-vision video camera. The attachment device has a threaded input and output to physically and optically interconnect an auto-iris lens to a video camera. The attachment device contains an image intensifier tube and a fiber optic image conduit either of which may be switched into the through optical path to receive and either amplify or simply conduct the light image to a relay lens. The relay lens focuses the output image from either the image tube or the fiber optic image conduit onto the optical input of the video camera. The switching of the image intensifier tube or the fiber optic image conduit is dependent upon the ambient light conditions of the camera so that if there is insufficient lighting for normal daytime viewing the image tube is activated and switched into the through optical path of the camera.

Abstract: A low cost image intensifier tube is provided which has an improved vacuum sealing mechanism and improved optical transmission. Glass windows on both the input and output of the tube are vacuum sealed within the housing by a ring of indium that contacts the interface between each of the windows and the housing. A pair of raised pointed flanges each positioned along the inner housing surface interfacing the windows protrude into the adjacent ring of indium for improving the vacuum seal of both input and output windows and for controlling the spacing of the elements within the tube. Sealing the photocathode from the rest of the tube is a ceramic cathode cork. The cathode cork is a solid sealing ring press fit within the tube housing and colocated between the input window at the outer edge of the photocathode and the microchannel plate.

Abstract: In traveling wave tubes with broad bandwidth, such as an octave or more, the gain varies by many dB across the band. One or more lossy circuits inside the tube coupled to the interaction helix-type slow-wave circuit are resonant at frequencies within the operating band. They provide a loss varying with frequency to compensate for the gain variation. The resonant circuits are typically metallized patterns on a dielectric rod which may be a support rod for the interaction circuit. Compared to an external gain equilizer in the drive circuit of the TWT, the internal equalizer is cheaper and provides a better noise figure.

Abstract: To suppress spurious oscillations in a helix-type traveling wave tube (TWT), frequency-sensitive loading is produced by a lossy resonant circuit attached to a dielectric support and coupled to the fields of the interaction circuit. The lossy circuit is resonant near the band-edge frequency. It may be a section of delay line with reflective terminations. In one embodiment, it is a metallized pattern on a dielectric rod used to support the helix.

Abstract: Undesired oscillations are suppressed in high-power, high-frequency, multe meanderline printed circuit traveling wave tubes. .pi. point frequency oscillations of various modes are attenuated by providing resistive coated longitudinal gaps in the ground plane conductor. The gaps permit lower radio frequency currents to propagate along the length of the line while blocking transverse currents of higher .pi. mode frequencies. The resistive coatings and spacing of the gaps control losses while permitting improved operation at the desired frequency. Increased beam current is produced at the output collector due to elimination of oscillations.