Abstract: A system for percutaneously inserting a prosthesis containing a biological replacement for a defective valve into an implantation site through a body lumen. The system contains a balloon catheter upon which a collapsable stent containing a venous valvular replacement is mounted. A protective shield is slidably mounted upon the catheter that is movable between a closed position over the balloon and an open position wherein the balloon can be inflated to expand the stent. A central lumen runs through the catheter that is formed of stainless steel. The central lumen provides a one to one torque ratio between the proximal end of the catheter and the distal end to enhance the steerability of the catheter. The vein of the replacement is reduced in thickness between 50% and 90% of its original size thereby considerably reducing the size of the replacement package when the stem is collapsed upon the balloon of the catheter.

Abstract: A system for percutaneously inserting a prosthesis containing a biological replacement for a defective valve into an implantation site through a body lumen. The system contains a balloon catheter upon which a collapsable stent containing a venous valvular replacement is mounted. A protective shield is slidably mounted upon the catheter that is movable between a closed position over the balloon and an open position wherein the balloon can be inflated to expand the stent. A central lumen runs through the catheter that is formed of stainless steel. The central lumen provides a one to one torque ratio between the proximal end of the catheter and the distal end to enhance the steerability of the catheter. The vein of the replacement is reduced in thickness between 50% and 90% of its original size thereby considerably reducing the size of the replacement package when the stem is collapsed upon the balloon of the catheter.

Abstract: An angiographic catheter having an elongated flexible insertion tube having a cylindrical inflatable sheath circumferentially mounted thereon. The sheath contains a series of discharge ports at its distal end. A fluid is introduced into the proximal end of the sheath under sufficient pressure so that the sheath is fully inflated and fluid is discharged into a desired target area within the patients body.

Abstract: A balloon catheter having a safety feature for protecting a patient during a medical procedure in the event the inflated balloon ruptures during the procedure. The catheter contains an outer balloon attached to the distal end of an insertion tube and a second inner balloon totally enclosed within the outer balloon. A vacuum is drawn on the outer balloon to evacuate the interior of the balloon and the inner balloon is then inflated to a desired operating pressure. In the event the inner balloon ruptures while inflated, the inflation fluid is fully contained within the outer balloon as well as any inner balloon fragments that are released due to the rupture.

Abstract: A hollow metallic needle for guiding a balloon catheter into a fetal vessel or cavity. The needle initially contains a removable obturator which is removed after the needle is generally positioned within the fetus and is replaced by a balloon catheter. A plastic sleeve is mounted upon the distal end of the needle and sufficient air is entrapped within pockets formed in the sleeve to provide an enhanced ultrasonic image return so that a more accurate placement of the balloon is obtainable. The plastic sleeve extends beyond the distal end of the needle and serves to guide the balloon when deflated back into the needle and thus protects the balloon from snagging upon the edge of the needle.

Abstract: A system for percutaneously inserting a prosthesis containing a biological replacement for a defective valve into an implantation site through a body lumen. The system contains a balloon catheter upon which a collapsable stent containing a venous valvular replacement is mounted. A protective shield is slidably mounted upon the catheter that is movable between a closed position over the balloon and an open position wherein the balloon can be inflated to expand the stent. A central lumen runs through the catheter that is formed of stainless steel. The central lumen provides a one to one torque ratio between the proximal end of the catheter and the distal end to enhance the steerability of the catheter. The vein of the replacement is reduced in thickness between 50% and 90% of its original size thereby considerably reducing the size of the replacement package when the stem is collapsed upon the balloon of the catheter.

Abstract: A prosthesis device for percutaneous implantation that includes an expandable stent and a biological venous valvular replacement for a defective valve mounted inside the expanded stent. The wall thickness of the vein is reduced to a diameter that is about equal to the inside diameter of the expanded stent and is sutured to the inside of the expanded stent so that the vein is supported in a fully opened circular configuration.

Abstract: A radially expandable stent which is formed from a fine wire bent into a serpentine flat ribbon which is wound around a mandrel into a cylindrical sleeve for mounting on a balloon catheter for transluminal insertion in a vessel. The wire forming the stent comprises an alloy selected from the group consisting of Pt--Ir or Au--Ni, and where the alloy exhibits a tensile strength of about 155,000 to 175,000 PSI.

Abstract: A radially expandable stent for implantation in a body blood vessel includes a pair of cylindrically shaped end portions made from a malleable metal and formed in a radially expandable fashion. According to the invention, the end portions are joined by a plurality of individual longitudinal wire members such that upon radial expansion of the stent, such as through use of a balloon catheter, the stent expands radially with a minimum of lateral shrinkage. Preferably, the longitudinal wire members are wrapped to the end portions to form flexible hinging sites upon expansion.

Abstract: Apparatus for securing a stent upon a balloon catheter. The apparatus has a tubular housing that is open at each end for containing a balloon catheter in a deflated state upon which is mounted a stent. An inflatable cylindrical membrane is mounted inside the housing and sealed at both ends to provide a fluid tight chamber between the membrane and the housing. A pressurized fluid is introduced into the chamber to inflate the membrane into pressure contact with the stent to urge the stent into gripping engagement with the balloon.

Abstract: A device for implanting a radially expandable stent that includes a balloon catheter having a balloon formed of a material having a memory so that when inflated to a first pressure the two end sections of the balloon expand to a first diameter as the waist therebetween expands to a lesser diameter. The stent is mounted over the waist section of the balloon and is thus locked between the two end sections during initial inflation to the first pressure. Once locked in place, the pressure inside the balloon is raised to a second higher level whereby the entire balloon expands to a larger diameter thus radially expanding the stent.

Abstract: There is disclosed a radially expandable stent for intravascular implantation comprising a distensible frame and an impermeable deformable membrane interconnecting portions of the frame to form an impermeable exterior wall. The membrane is formed of a synthetic non-latex, non-vinyl polymer, and the frame comprises a fine wire of annealed platinum. The comprises a plurality of helically aligned circumferential sections including two end sections and a plurality of intermediate sections that define a cylinder having a longitudinal axis, the cylinder being formed of a continuous wire with the circumferential sections being spaced along the axis in abutting contact. Each of the circumferential sections have expandable segments that impart radial expandability to the sections.

Abstract: There is disclosed a balloon catheter wherein the balloon is fabricated of a high pressure, ultra-thin wall modified polyethylene terephthalate copolymer, and has a desired memorized shape. In a preferred embodiment the balloon has a central waist-like configuration suitable for valvuloplasty. The polymer can be heat-shaped and retains or memorizes a desired shape thereafter. The balloon is blow-molded and attached to a catheter for inflation through a lumen thereof. When inflated to a first low pressure it assumes the desired shape, and rounds out after a second inflating pressure is achieved.

Abstract: An improved radially expandable stent formed from a fine wire bent into a serpentine flat ribbon which is wound around a mandrel into a cylindrical sleeve for mounting on a balloon catheter for transluminal insertion in a vessel such as a blood vessel is provided. A very small diameter fine platinum wire is used to form the basic cylindrical sleeve and it is welded to a pigtail of the wire forming the sleeve to provide longitudinal stability.

Abstract: A combination valve and clamping device is provided in which a flexible elastic inner lining is secured in a tubular outer shell having a port for introducing a fluid therebetween. A source of pressure such as a hypodermic syringe is used to cause the inner elastic sleeve to collapse and deform internally upon itself to surround and form a seal about a catheter located therein, positioning it within the shell. Alternatively, if nothing is present in the shell, the sleeve is collapsed on itself to prevent leakage of a fluid through the valve mechanism.

Abstract: An improved radially expandable stent formed from a fine wire bent into a serpentine flat ribbon which is wound around a mandrel into a cylindrical sleeve for mounting on a balloon catheter for transluminal insertion in a vessel such as a blood vessel is provided. A very small diameter fine platinum wire is used to form the basic cylindrical sleeve and it is welded to a pigtail of the wire forming the sleeve to provide longitudinal stablility.

Abstract: Balloon perfusion catheter having a flexible elongated shaft from which a perfusion shaft and an inflation shaft outwardly extend. An angioplasty balloon is circumferentially mounted around the perfusion shaft. The inflation shaft distal end is located at the balloon proximal end. Openings in the perfusion shaft both proximal and distal to the balloon permit blood flow through artery during balloon inflation.

Abstract: A PTCA catheter is provided in which the extreme distal end is reduced to a diameter of 3 thousandths of an inch and enclosed in a coiled spring which is welded to the guidewire of the catheter at its tip and at a thicker 8 thousandths diameter portion of the guidewire to increase the strength of the tip and reduce breakage when inserted in a coronary artery. A dual lumen catheter body is provided at the proximal end for capturing and actuating the guidewire and for inflating the balloon at the distal end.

Abstract: A balloon catheter that includes an elongated cylindrical body having a distal end and a proximal end, a first reduced diameter section and a second further reduced diameter section which, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, forms a tip at the distal end of the catheter. The balloon is bonded to the distal end of the catheter so as to enclose the reduced diameter sections. The balloon is made from a tube of thermosetting polyurethane and includes a pair of end cuffs and an inflatable bag centrally located between the cuffs. One cuff is bonded to the tip of the catheter with the end face of the cuff facing a shoulder formed between the tip and the adjacent first reduced diameter section. The balloon is everted over the bonded cuff and the opposing cuff is bonded to the first reduced diameter section so that its end face faces a shoulder formed between the first reduced diameter section and the body of the catheter.