Abstract: A system and method for managing inertial torque reaction of a powertrain include a selectively engageable counter-rotating component to reduce or eliminate torque reaction on stationary powertrain structure. Selectively engageable counter-rotating inertia may be provided by a simple inertial mass or by an electrical machine functioning as an integral starter/generator (ISG) to provide vehicle launch assist, regenerative braking of the vehicle, and engine cranking. Embodiments include gear-driven, chain-driven, and belt-driven counter-rotating inertias selectively coupled for counter-rotation relative to the crankshaft by a clutch, a belt-driven pulley assembly, or chain-driven intermediate shaft assembly with a hydraulically actuated coupling pin.

Abstract: A vehicle powertrain including a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine and a controllable transmission controls engine shutdown by shutting off a fuel supply device or devices such as a fuel pump or fuel injector(s) while the transmission is in gear to load the engine and reduce or eliminate engine run-on. The transmission may be controlled to couple the input shaft to a stationary component or simultaneously engage clutches corresponding to different gear ratios to provide a holding torque on the engine.

Abstract: A system and method for managing inertial torque reaction of a powertrain include a selectively engageable counter-rotating component to reduce or eliminate torque reaction on stationary powertrain structure. Selectively engageable counter-rotating inertia may be provided by a simple inertial mass or by an electrical machine functioning as an integral starter/generator (ISG) to provide vehicle launch assist, regenerative braking of the vehicle, and engine cranking. Embodiments include gear-driven, chain-driven, and belt-driven counter-rotating inertias selectively coupled for counter-rotation relative to the crankshaft by a clutch, a belt-driven pulley assembly, or chain-driven intermediate shaft assembly with a hydraulically actuated coupling pin.

Abstract: A system and method for managing inertial torque reactions on stationary powertrain structure rotate at least one selected engine component and at least one selected drive train component in opposite directions so the rotational inertia of the selected drive train component acts in a direction opposite to that of the rotational inertia of the selected engine component to reduce or eliminate the inertial torque reactions on stationary powertrain structure caused by rotational acceleration and deceleration of powertrain components and improves performance with respect to noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH).

Abstract: A variable output gerotor pump includes outer and inner driven and driving rotors and an annular output control ring which is rotatable within a bore mounted within the pump's body so as to change the amount of working fluid which is transferred from the inlet port to the outlet port of the pump. This is particularly useful for controlling the output flow of lubricating oil used in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to gangliosides derived or isolated from buffalo milk, skimmed buffalo milk, buffalo milk serum or derivatives of either. Buffalo milk is reported to comprise gangliosides that are not contained in bovine milk, such as gangliosides that belong to the GM1-class. Furthermore, bufalo milk is found to comprise unknown gangliosides, denoted herein as ganglioside “F” and “L”. Furthermore, the invention reports that gangliosides are surprisingly found in fractions of isolation procedures that were so far not considered to comprise gangliosides. Finally, milk or milk serum from buffalo, for example as derived from mozzarella cheese production, contains specific gangliosides in the same amounts as human breast milk, which makes it suitable for humanisation of infant and other formulas.

Abstract: The invention concerns fatty acids uninterrupted by a methylene group as anti-inflammatory agents in superficial tissues of mammals, more particularly a pharmaceutical or cosmetic topical composition comprising, as an active ingredient, at least one fatty acid uninterrupted by a methylene group corresponding to formula (I), an salt or ester thereof, wherein R1 is a C1-C5 alkyl group and R2 is a C2-C6 alkyl group. Preferably, the fatty acid uninterrupted by a methylene group is 20:3(5,11,14). The fatty acid uninterrupted by a methylene group is also used for preparing a composition for modulating the metabolism of lipids in the superficial tissue of mammals.

Abstract: Autoimmune diseases are controlled by the administration of non-methylene interrupted fatty acids of the formula ##STR1## in which R is alkyl or alkenyl. A preferred compound within the scope of this formula is 5,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid.