Abstract: A solid state Quantum high Energy density Storage Or Retrieval device known as a quensor, and the trademark ENSOR™, having an energy density of about 1-15 kwhr/kg, comparable to gasoline, or more, is described. A fundamentally new principle is employed: A quensor film comprises oriented molecules with donor and acceptor groups and with metal layers on its surfaces. A dipole electric field may be established in the gap between a donor and an acceptor. Electric energy is stored in or retrieved from dipole electric fields throughout the volume of the quensor film. Electric energy is stored in the quensor film by charging the dipole electric fields from an electric energy source. Electric energy is retrieved from a quensor film by discharging the dipole electric fields and supplying the energy to a load. Electric breakdown in the film is avoided because positive and negative electric charges in the film are balanced everywhere.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of submicron circuits uses a submicron beam writer having multiple beams to Inscribe simultaneously a plurality of metal patterns onto a glass surface having a monoatomic or monomolecular resist. The beams produce a plurality of charged double layers constituting the pattern. Metal is deposited according to the pattern. The pattern may have metal strips with 20 to 100 A gaps coated with different materials having different work functions on opposing gap-faces, forming tunnel junctions acting as diodes. The patterns may be costed with Insulating coatings. The manufacturing equipment, chemistry and processes for manufacturing these sheet products are described. The sheet products may be employed as a light-electric power converter (LEPCON.TM.); or, in reverse with electric power supplied, as a large area laser, (ELCON.TM.) used for 2D or 3D displays, for a high density high speed computer matrix and for a variety of uses.

Abstract: A new composition of matter is described comprising a stretch oriented electrically-conducting light-polarizing film. An improved light-electric power converting film uses molecular diodes (diads) in this film composition aligned head-to-tail by light and an electric field. The area of the film is utilized more efficiently by reversing the head-to-tail directions of the diads in adjacent areas. This film is laminated to an electrode structure connected to busbars on a substrate sheet. Current flow through the film is unidirectional between pairs of adjacent electrodes, and is summed on busbars connected to an external load. Two such films arranged orthogonally convert about 72% of the incident light power to electric power. A manufacturing device is disclosed. Critical Ranges of parameters are derived and experimental data presented.

Abstract: Lighting devices are described in which the light source comprises a plurality of light emitting structures utilizing the direct conversion of electron energy to photon energy, at high efficiency. Structures are described which will emit color or white light. The lighting devices include thin light sources which emit polarized light in a radiation lobe pattern or as a parallel beam of light, useful for ceiling panels for general polarized nonglare lighting, street lighting, polarized automobile nonglare systems, and long life white light electric lighting lightbulbs with screwin sockets for 120v AC, which are self rectifying. A solar powered street lamp system is also described.

Abstract: The direct projection of a space vehicle, herein termed a "Space Train.TM.", into space without combustile fuel is described. A mathematical physics analysis derives critical ranges of parameters, which inlcude a vehicle having a mass of about 3,000,000 Kg., a length of about 180 m and 5 m dia.; an acceleration of about 8 g's during its travel within 1000 km of a vacuum tube parallel to Earth's surface to a velocity of about 12 km/sec., the vehicle exiting from the tube into the atmosphere at an angle of about 3.degree. and an elevation of about 3 km at a maximum deceleration of about 8 g's. An acceleration or deceleration of 8 g's is tolerable to humans in the special chair described herein. The energy imparted to this mass is provided by a conventional electric power source stored as electric energy in superconducting storage inductor rings. The electric energy is discharged to coils around the vacuum tube just in advance of the center of the moving vehicle.

Abstract: A Solar Power collector, sunfollower, power transmitter and receiver is described. The Solar power collector is a Cassegrain Reflector optical system mounted on a carriage travelling on a semicircular track. A small photovoltaic cell and rechargeable battery provide the power to position the collector. A computer, sensors, electronic circuit and two servomotors provides accurate alignment of the collector with the sun's rays during the day, and returns it to follow the sun again the next morning. Sun-power is preferably transmitted from the collector via a light-pipe to a cavity where it is converted to heat-power. The heat-power may be stored as heat energy in a phase change material at a suitable temperature for cooking or other uses, such as heat-electric power generation. A plurality of collector-sunfollowers may transmit light-power to a single cavity heat storage depot, from which heat-power may be supplied on demand to various utilities.

Abstract: A demagnified image of an array of electron emitters is focused by an electron optics lens onto a substrate. The image of the array is scanned to draw a number of patterns, corresponding to the number of emitters, on the substrate. The image is also moved in a step - and - repeat manner to draw patterns over a larger portion of the substrate than can be covered by one emitter array image.

Abstract: A Femto Diode responsive to light frequencies, is described. Quantum principles are utilized. The Femto Diode comprises a submicron metal cylinder with an assymetric metal-insulator-metal tunnel junction at one end and a reflecting potential step at the other end. A light photon having a quanta of energy is absorbed by an electron in the cylinder producing an energetic electron. The cylinder acts as a potential well for the energetic electron, which travels back and forth in its own conduction band without loss of energy until it passes through the junction. The kinetic energy of the energetic electron is converted to electric energy at a greater voltage on the other side of the junction. The energy conversion is reversible.The Femto Diode may be used in light to electric power conversion, a laser which converts electric power to light power, 2D and 3D displays, high speed computers, communications and other devices.

Abstract: An electrothermodynamic (ETD) generator and a compressor is described for use in a Marks/Ericsson Cycle. New equations are derived based on varying the electric charge distribution along the flow axis and new principles based thereon are used in the generator design.

Abstract: An electro-optical dipolar suspension is described which is silvery-reflective at no voltage, which becomes black-opaque at small voltage, and transmittive at an increase of voltage. Such a dipole suspension is useful in displays because of greater contrast, decreased operating voltage, power, and cost.

Abstract: A 2D/3D compatible polarized TV system is described which comprises a 3 color TV camera with pairs of adjacent 3D right and left images in each color. The image pairs are scanned to derive pairs of 3D image signals. These 3D signals are presented as 3 color pixels alternately polarized orthogonally. The display may be viewed without glasses to see a 2D color image with either the right or left images suppressed; or with polarized viewers to see a color 3D image. A method of manufacturing orthogonally oriented polarized color pixels is described utilizing inorganic polarizing dipoles electrostatically aligned in a fusible transparent coating.

Abstract: This invention describes method and apparatus for taking and displaying 3-dimensional images derived from X-ray, CAT scan or NMR data; in which pairs of images are derived from objects whose axes are arranged plus or minus the angle .alpha. to the Z axis of the device, .alpha. being a small angle, such as 5.degree. and various apparatus is shown for viewing the 3-dimensional stereo pairs thus derived to produce a spatial view of a given body volume.

Abstract: A heating chamber is mounted on a first axis of rotation, and revolves through an angle .OMEGA. at a constant angular velocity. The first axis of rotation is adjustable through an angle .theta. to the horizontal according to the geographic latitude, and through an angle .phi. to the axis of rotation according to the season. The heating chamber is an insulated cavity with a small aperture. The sun's rays are focussed along a second axis normal to the first axis through a small aperture into the heating chamber. The heating chamber contains a phase change material which melts at about 180.degree. C., which provides heat at that temperature after sundown. In one embodiment, a structure includes a platen to supply heat to a cooking utensil. The platen has heat-conducting ribs attached to its bottom side, which dip into the phase-change material contained in an enclosure under the platen. The surface of the platen is maintained level by gravity.

Abstract: There is described a prefabricated floating raft of low density modules, which are trucked into the polluted land site, and lifted into place over the polluted land area. The surface is sealed with an impervious plastic cover, and a thin layer of gravel and top soil is placed on top, with grass or other suitable vegetation. The center to edge is arranged at a small slope to provide rain runoff. The perimeter of the area is surrounded by a deep concrete wall and gravel-filled moat to catch the runoff water. The runoff water forms a perimeter seal that provides clean ground water to the radial area surrounding the covered area, and seals in the pollution below it.

Abstract: An electrothermodynamic generator and a compressor is described for use in a Marks/Ericsson Cycle. It uses a charged liquid tin droplet/nitrogen aerosol for heat/electric conversion at a maximum temperature of about 1800 K and a charged water droplet/nitrogen aerosol electrothermodynamic compressor at 300 K in a Marks/Ericsson Cycle which has a theoretical efficiency of 83%, and a practical efficiency of 60% to 70%. An ETD compressor with a water charged droplet is described. The other cycle components, comprising a heat source, liquid tin loop, heat exchangers, water loop and liquid pump are not here considered.

Abstract: In a 3D motion picture projection system using polarized light, a light source and a reflector for imaging a convergent beam of light onto a film gate, a film with right and left stereo images at the gate, and means for projecting, polarizing and overlapping said stereo images onto a metallized screen; the improvement comprising an optical device for pre-polarizing the convergent light beam, a double refracting crystal located to transmit the convergent light beam, whereby two adjacent orthogonally polarized images, respectively vertical and horizontal, are placed onto the said right and left stereo images at the film gate with substantially no light loss; and polarized viewers having orthogonally polarized filters with their polarizing axes respectively vertical and horizontal, worn by the observer to separate the 3D images, whereby the light efficiency of the system is doubled.

Abstract: A bulk process is described which is capable of producing large area sheets about 8 micrometers thick having the property of light/electric power conversion at extremely high production rates (many m.sup.2 /s) at low cost ($1/m.sup.2). The devices have an inherently high efficiency of 60-80% when laminated in an assembly to utilize both resolved light vectors. A light/electric power converter is described comprising a sheet containing oriented dipolar conducting linear structures forming an antennae array capable of asbsorbing light photons and producing a unidirectional electric current. These linear structures constitute submicron antennae and femto diode circuit elements. The individual antenna-circuit elements are self-ordered into the linear structure using a bulk process.

Abstract: These inventions relate to novel advances in Electrothermodynamics (ETD), also known as charged aerosol, heat/electric power generators:(1) "Method III" two-fluid mixed flow comprising a supersonic jet expanding conically within a subsonic flow, separated by a boundary layer in which the charged aerosol forms downstream of the orifice, at a cross section of at least 100 times the orifice section; and in which the electric charge density of the charged aerosol decreases along the jet axis, whereby substantially all of the kinetic power of the jet is converted to electric power within the jet, there being no ejector.(2) An array of supersonic jets utilizing Method III.(3) An array of supersonic jets utilizing Method III without separating duct walls in which "convection cells" provide return flows, forming a plurality of TORON configurations.(4) A supercritical Rankine cycle in a single stage employing Method III.

Abstract: This invention relates to a high efficiency device for the direct conversion of light power to electrical power. Present photocells for accomplishing this purpose are well known to the art and have a theoretical efficiency not exceeding about 20%. In practice, realization of efficiency of about 10% has been achieved, but ultimately the theoretical limitation is an upper limit which cannot be exceeded by devices utilizing known construction. The present device differs from the prior art devices in that it utilizes a plurality of dipole antennae for absorbing light photons, employing an alternating electrical field of said photons to cause electrons in the dipole antenna to resonate therewith and absorb electrical power therefrom, with means for rectifying said AC power to DC, said DC being accumulated on conducting busbars from the plurality of antennae and associated rectifying circuits.

Abstract: An electrodichroic composition of matter comprising a concentrated suspension of submicron conductive particles in an insulating fluid which, upon the application of a strong electric field to the suspension, exhibits a new electroordering effect with greatly improved electrooptical properties. A novel process is described for increasing the resistivity of a dipole suspension. Improved electrooptical panels and displays can be made with compositions which comprise a suspension of submicron asymmetric particles of graphite, molybdenum disulfide, metals such as aluminum, or dichroic crystals such as Herapathite in an insulating fluid.