Abstract: A heat exchanger has arcuate inlet and outlet manifolds and a plurality of tube banks, each tube bank coupling one of the inlet manifold outlets to an associated one of the outlet manifold inlets. Each tube bank partially nests with one or more others of the tube banks and has: a first header coupled to the associated inlet manifold outlet and the associated the outlet manifold inlet; a second header; and a plurality of tube bundles each having a first end coupled to the associated first header and a second end coupled to the associated second header. A flowpath from the each inlet manifold outlet passes sequentially through flowpath legs formed by each of the tube bundles in the associated tube bank to exit the tube bank to the associated outlet manifold inlet.

Abstract: Propulsion systems for aircraft include a fan and a low pressure turbine operably coupled to a first shaft, a low pressure compressor and an intermediate pressure turbine operably coupled to a second shaft, and a high pressure compressor and a high pressure turbine operably coupled to a third shaft. A burner is arranged between the high pressure compressor and the high pressure turbine, with a main flow path defined through the propulsion system. A hydrogen fuel system is configured to supply hydrogen fuel to the burner. A condenser is arranged along the main flow path and configured to extract water from exhaust from the burner. An evaporator is arranged along the main flow path and configured to receive a portion of the water to generate steam which is injected into the main flow path upstream from the evaporator.

Abstract: Propulsion systems for aircraft include a fan and a low pressure turbine operably coupled to a first shaft, a low pressure compressor and an intermediate pressure turbine operably coupled to a second shaft, and a high pressure compressor and a high pressure turbine operably coupled to a third shaft. A burner is arranged between the high pressure compressor and the high pressure turbine, with a main flow path defined through the propulsion system. A hydrogen fuel system is configured to supply hydrogen fuel to the burner. A condenser is arranged along the main flow path and configured to extract water from exhaust from the burner. An evaporator is arranged along the main flow path and configured to receive a portion of the water to generate steam which is injected into the main flow path upstream from the evaporator.

Abstract: Aircraft propulsion systems including a closed loop-supercritical fluid system having a turbine, a cooler heat exchanger, a compressor, and a recovery heat exchanger arranged along a closed-loop flow path of a supercritical fluid. A shaft is operably coupled to the turbine and configured to be rotationally driven by the turbine. A fan is configured to generate thrust, the fan operably coupled to the shaft to be rotationally driven by the shaft. A burner is configured to combust a fuel and air from the fan to generate a combusted gas and supply said combusted gas to the recovery heat exchanger of the closed loop-supercritical fluid system and out an exhaust nozzle.

Abstract: Aircraft propulsion systems including a closed loop-supercritical fluid system having a turbine, a cooler heat exchanger, a compressor, and a recovery heat exchanger arranged along a closed-loop flow path of a supercritical fluid. A shaft is operably coupled to the turbine and configured to be rotationally driven by the turbine. A fan is configured to generate thrust, the fan operably coupled to the shaft to be rotationally driven by the shaft. A burner is configured to combust a fuel and air from the fan to generate a combusted gas and supply said combusted gas to the recovery heat exchanger of the closed loop-supercritical fluid system and out an exhaust nozzle.

Abstract: A heat exchanger has arcuate inlet and outlet manifolds and a plurality of tube banks, each tube bank coupling one of the inlet manifold outlets to an associated one of the outlet manifold inlets. Each tube bank partially nests with one or more others of the tube banks and has: a first header coupled to the associated inlet manifold outlet and the associated the outlet manifold inlet; a second header; and a plurality of tube bundles each having a first end coupled to the associated first header and a second end coupled to the associated second header. A flowpath from the each inlet manifold outlet passes sequentially through flowpath legs formed by each of the tube bundles in the associated tube bank to exit the tube bank to the associated outlet manifold inlet.

Abstract: An internally cooled airfoil comprises an airfoil body, a baffle and a plurality of standoffs. The airfoil body is shaped to form leading and trailing edges, and pressure and suction sides surrounding an internal cooling channel. The baffle is disposed within the internal cooling channel and comprises a liner body having a perimeter shaped to correspond to the shape of the internal cooling channel and to form a cooling air supply duct. The baffle includes a plurality of cooling holes extending through the liner body to direct cooling air from the supply duct into the internal cooling channel. The standoffs are recessed into a surface of either the baffle or the airfoil body such that a height of the standoffs is greater than the spacing.

Abstract: Disclosed are examples of flow-directing elements, airfoil inserts, and assemblies thereof. A flow-directing element has an inner buttress with an airfoil extending outwardly therefrom. The airfoil includes a cavity that extends within the airfoil to an exit port disposed in the inner buttress. A shelf disposed about the buttress defines the exit port, and the shelf includes a discourager extending into the cavity. An airfoil insert has a tubular body, with an outlet at one end. A plate affixed to the body at the outlet partially blocks the outlet, and includes a tab extending away from the body and defining a portion of an outlet periphery. Upon assembly of the flow directing element and the insert, the tab interacts with the discourager to direct a coolant to the exit port while restricting leakage of the coolant back into the cavity, between the airfoil insert and the flow-directing element.

Abstract: An example gas turbine engine airfoil includes an airfoil wall establishing a cavity that extends axially from an airfoil leading edge portion to an airfoil trailing edge portion and extends radially from an airfoil inner end to an airfoil outer end. The cavity is configured to receive a baffle that is spaced from the airfoil leading edge portion such that an impingement cooling area is established between the airfoil leading edge portion and the baffle when the baffle is received within the cavity. An array of nonuniformly distributed features is disposed on the airfoil wall within the impingement cooling area. The features are configured to influence airflow within the impingement cooling area.

Abstract: A baffle insert for an internally cooled airfoil comprises a liner, a divoted segment and a plurality of cooling holes. The liner has a continuous perimeter formed to shape a hollow body having a first end and a second end. The divoted segment of the hollow body is positioned between the first end and the second end. The plurality of cooling holes is positioned on the divoted segment to aim cooling air exiting the baffle insert at a common location.

Abstract: An internally cooled airfoil comprises an airfoil body, a baffle and a plurality of standoffs. The airfoil body is shaped to form leading and trailing edges, and pressure and suction sides surrounding an internal cooling channel. The baffle is disposed within the internal cooling channel and comprises a liner body having a perimeter shaped to correspond to the shape of the internal cooling channel and to form a cooling air supply duct. The baffle includes a plurality of cooling holes extending through the liner body to direct cooling air from the supply duct into the internal cooling channel. The standoffs maintain minimum spacing between the liner body and the airfoil body. The standoffs are recessed into a surface of either the baffle or the airfoil body such that a height of the standoffs is greater than the spacing.

Abstract: An internally cooled airfoil comprises an airfoil body, a baffle and a plurality of standoffs. The airfoil body is shaped to form leading and trailing edges, and pressure and suction sides surrounding an internal cooling channel. The baffle is disposed within the internal cooling channel and comprises a liner body having a perimeter shaped to correspond to the shape of the internal cooling channel and to form a cooling air supply duct. The baffle includes a plurality of cooling holes extending through the liner body to direct cooling air from the supply duct into the internal cooling channel. The standoffs maintain minimum spacing between the liner body and the airfoil body. In one embodiment, the standoffs are recessed into a surface of either the baffle or the airfoil body. In another embodiment, the standoffs are elongated to meter flow between the liner body and the airfoil body.

Abstract: An internally cooled airfoil comprises an airfoil body, a baffle and a plurality of standoffs. The airfoil body is shaped to form leading and trailing edges, and pressure and suction sides surrounding an internal cooling channel. The baffle is disposed within the internal cooling channel and comprises a liner body having a perimeter shaped to correspond to the shape of the internal cooling channel and to form a cooling air supply duct. The baffle includes a plurality of cooling holes extending through the liner body to direct cooling air from the supply duct into the internal cooling channel. The standoffs maintain minimum spacing between the liner body and the airfoil body. In one embodiment, the standoffs are recessed into a surface of either the baffle or the airfoil body. In another embodiment, the standoffs are elongated to meter flow between the liner body and the airfoil body.

Abstract: An example gas turbine engine airfoil includes an airfoil wall establishing a cavity that extends axially from an airfoil leading edge portion to an airfoil trailing edge portion and extends radially from an airfoil inner end to an airfoil outer end. The cavity is configured to receive a baffle that is spaced from the airfoil leading edge portion such that an impingement cooling area is established between the airfoil leading edge portion and the baffle when the baffle is received within the cavity. An array of nonuniformly distributed features is disposed on the airfoil wall within the impingement cooling area. The features are configured to influence airflow within the impingement cooling area.

Abstract: A baffle insert for an internally cooled airfoil comprises a liner, a divoted segment and a plurality of cooling holes. The liner has a continuous perimeter formed to shape a hollow body having a first end and a second end. The divoted segment of the hollow body is positioned between the first end and the second end. The plurality of cooling holes is positioned on the divoted segment to aim cooling air exiting the baffle insert at a common location.

Abstract: Disclosed are examples of flow-directing elements, airfoil inserts, and assemblies thereof. A flow-directing element has an inner buttress with an airfoil extending outwardly therefrom. The airfoil includes a cavity that extends within the airfoil to an exit port disposed in the inner buttress. A shelf disposed about the buttress defines the exit port, and the shelf includes a discourager extending into the cavity. An airfoil insert has a tubular body, with an outlet at one end. A plate affixed to the body at the outlet partially blocks the outlet, and includes a tab extending away from the body and defining a portion of an outlet periphery. Upon assembly of the flow directing element and the insert, the tab interacts with the discourager to direct a coolant to the exit port while restricting leakage of the coolant back into the cavity, between the airfoil insert and the flow-directing element.