Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for use in electronic guidance systems for surgical navigation. A sensor is provided with an optical sensor, to provide optical information, and a measuring sensor, to provide measurements for determining a direction of gravity. The sensor communicates optical information and measurements to an inter-operative computing unit. In an embodiment, the inter-operative computing unit receives first optical information for a registration device and a patient anatomy and a measurement to determine a direction of gravity to perform a registration step. The inter-operative computing unit receives second optical information for the patient anatomy and an object and determines and presents measurements relative to the anatomy. The measurements relative to the anatomy are determined from the second optical information, and in relation to the registration of the anatomy of the patient.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for use in electronic guidance systems for surgical navigation. A sensor is provided with an optical sensor, to provide optical information, and a measuring sensor, to provide measurements for determining a direction of gravity. The sensor communicates optical information and measurements to an inter-operative computing unit. In an embodiment, the inter-operative computing unit receives first optical information for a registration device and a patient anatomy and a measurement to determine a direction of gravity to perform a registration step. The inter-operative computing unit receives second optical information for the patient anatomy and an object and determines and presents measurements relative to the anatomy. The measurements relative to the anatomy are determined from the second optical information, and in relation to the registration of the anatomy of the patient.

Abstract: There is provided a method to perform bone resection using a planer. Under guidance of a surgical navigation system, and, optionally, under command of a robotic system, a trackable surgical instrument is guided to a target pose on a target bone. The bone may be a femur or tibia in a TKA. The trackable instrument comprises a drill or a pin guide for mounting a pair of pins, preferably graduated pins to select a resection depth. A pin end is inserted into the planer and the planer operated to resect until the pin end bottoms out. A robot may command movement of the trackable instrument to the target pose. The target pose may be received or determined from surgical pre-planning or intra-operative activities such as tracked measurements, user input, etc. The navigation system presents information such as measurements and/or image overlays to guide the placement.

Abstract: Presented are methods and systems for determining, monitoring, and displaying the relative positioning of two rigid bodies such as during a surgery. In particular, the present disclosure relates to methods and systems for positioning a prosthesis relative to a bone during a surgery as well as to systems and methods for verifying resulting relative positioning of adjacent bones.

Abstract: Methods and a kit for a navigated procedure, such as a navigated surgical procedure relate to an optical sensor system such as a sterile optical sensor system. The methods relate to using components of the optical sensor system and a processing unit, for example, performing a navigated procedure using an optical sensor as draped and using the processing unit coupled to the optical sensor. Performing the navigated procedure comprises receiving instructions for the navigated procedure from the processing unit, and using the optical sensor comprises interacting with a button on the optical sensor through the drape to provide input to the processing unit. A kit comprises optical sensor system components and instructions for performing a method.

Abstract: Systems, methods and a sensor alignment mechanism are disclosed for medical navigational guidance systems. In one example, a system to make sterile a non-sterile optical sensor for use in navigational guidance during surgery includes a sterile drape having an optically transparent window to drape the optical sensor in a sterile barrier and a sensor alignment mechanism. The alignment mechanism secures the sensor through the drape in alignment with the window without breaching the sterile barrier and facilitates adjustment of the orientation of the optical sensor. The optical sensor may be aligned to view a surgical site when the alignment mechanism, assembled with the sterile drape and optical sensor, is attached to a bone. The alignment mechanism may be a lockable ball joint and facilitate orientation of the sensor in at least two degrees of freedom. A quick connect mechanism may couple the alignment mechanism to the bone.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for determining an optimized implant position using a kinematic and inverse dynamics model to model one or more outcome factors for a joint reconstruction of a patient. Motion capture data and geometric and inertial parameter data are applied to the model to optimize one or more outcome parameters associated with the one or more outcome factors to generate the optimized implant position. The optimized implant position is provided for use by a surgical planning system and/or an intra-operative surgical navigation system. A related apparatus is also disclosed comprising a storage device coupled to a processor that is configured to execute instructions stored on the storage device to perform the methods.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described to determine joint center of rotation during a procedure. Joint center measurements may be useful to determine other clinically relevant measurements and/or to assist with replacement surgery.

Abstract: Currently, prehabilitation and pre-operative kinetic sensing is decoupled from surgical planning. Systems and methods are provided for procedure planning using data collected and provided by a prehabilitation (monitoring) system. Extrapolations (e.g. using a machine trained model or other approach) generate post-operative kinetic condition data predicting how the patient will move after surgery, based on the trends of their condition during prehabilitation, and the surgical intervention itself. A surgical plan optimized for the post-surgical kinetic condition of the patient may be generated and provided. The plan may be provided for display and/or to a surgical navigation or robotic system for the planned procedure. These and other aspects will be understood including a model, such as a neural network model, which is trained to provide the extrapolations.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein to generate a 3D surface scan of a surface profile of a patient's anatomy. The 3D surface scan may be generated by reflections of structured light off the surface profile of the anatomy. The 3D surface scan may be used during intra-operative surgical navigation by a localization system. Optionally, a pre-operative medical image may also be registered to the localization system or used to enhance the 3D surface scan.

Abstract: Systems, devices, methods and techniques are provided to improve communication of data over a distance without using radio waves using a sequence of frames comprising optical codes. In one embodiment, the frames include multiple channels where each channel comprises the same optical codes but in a different order of a code sequence. In one embodiment, at a receiving device, a progress indicator is provided that is responsive to the decoding of the optical codes. In one embodiment, the progress indicator is indicative of frames (codes) read. In one embodiment, the progress indicator is a timer. In one embodiment, at a sending device, controls are provided for user input to selectively communicate frames (codes). In one embodiment, at a sequence generator, data is segmented to define frames to optimize communications.

Abstract: Planning tools for surgery, particularly for THA, are provided. Images of musculoskeletal structure of a patient (e.g. associated with respective planes and in a same or different functional position) may be displayed together and via co-registration and spatial transformations, 3D implants or other objects may be rendered and overlaid in a same position correctly with respect to each image. The 3D implant may be fit (e.g. via handles or automatically using image processing) to an existing implant in the patient and moved to other positions, for example, to measure the existing position or plan for an initial or new position. Measures may be represented with respect to various planes associated with the respective image and/or with respect to an existing implant.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices are described herein for performing a navigated surgical procedure involving a patient's anatomy in sterile and non-sterile surgical environments. A camera may be used to determine a registration of the camera coordinate-frame to the patient anatomy or optionally a tracker in relation to the patient anatomy. A drape may be applied to permit use in a sterile surgical environment. The camera may be moved from its original position to enable access to patient anatomy while maintaining a registration of the camera coordinate-frame with the patient anatomy. Alternatively, the camera may be used in a hand-held or head-mounted manner. A visualization of the patient anatomy may be displayed on a computing unit, with visualization reference planes defined by the pose of an instrument or the camera. The visualization may be presented on a display of a computing unit or as part of a head mounted augmented reality system.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for use in electronic guidance systems for surgical navigation. A sensor is provided with an optical sensor, to provide optical information, and a measuring sensor, to provide measurements for determining a direction of gravity. The sensor communicates optical information and measurements to an inter-operative computing unit. In an embodiment, the inter-operative computing unit receives first optical information for a registration device and a patient anatomy and a measurement to determine a direction of gravity to perform a registration step. The inter-operative computing unit receives second optical information for the patient anatomy and an object and determines and presents measurements relative to the anatomy. The measurements relative to the anatomy are determined from the second optical information, and in relation to the registration of the anatomy of the patient.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for use in electronic guidance systems for surgical navigation. A sensor is provided with an optical sensor, to provide optical information, and a measuring sensor, to provide measurements for determining a direction of gravity. The sensor communicates optical information and measurements to an inter-operative computing unit. In an embodiment, the inter-operative computing unit receives first optical information for a registration device and a patient anatomy and a measurement to determine a direction of gravity to perform a registration step. The inter-operative computing unit receives second optical information for the patient anatomy and an object and determines and presents measurements relative to the anatomy. The measurements relative to the anatomy are determined from the second optical information, and in relation to the registration of the anatomy of the patient.

Abstract: There are provided tracker coupling apparatus for coupling an optical tracker to a patient anatomy. An apparatus comprises a body having a bone coupling interface located at a first end of the body, for coupling the apparatus to the bone, and a second end that comprises a tracker coupling interface to couple to the tracker. The second end is connected to the first end by an extension member to laterally space the tracker coupling interface from the bone coupling interface, e.g. to move the tracker away from an incision. In a resection guided embodiment, an apparatus comprises a body having a tracker coupling interface on an upper surface and a plurality of bone engaging projections extending from an under surface. Some projections are configured for positioning the platform in a same repeatable mounting position. The mounting position is defined by a cut line and an impression defined by the platform.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described to determine joint center of rotation during a procedure. Joint center measurements may be useful to determine other clinically relevant measurements and/or to assist with replacement surgery.

Abstract: Methods and a kit for a navigated procedure, such as a navigated surgical procedure relate to an optical sensor system such as a sterile optical sensor system. The methods relate to using components of the optical sensor system and a processing unit, for example, performing a navigated procedure using an optical sensor as draped and using the processing unit coupled to the optical sensor. Performing the navigated procedure comprises receiving instructions for the navigated procedure from the processing unit, and using the optical sensor comprises interacting with a button on the optical sensor through the drape to provide input to the processing unit. A kit comprises optical sensor system components and instructions for performing a method.

Abstract: Presented are methods and systems for determining, monitoring, and displaying the relative positioning of two rigid bodies such as during a surgery. In particular, the present disclosure relates to methods and systems for positioning a prosthesis relative to a bone during a surgery as well as to systems and methods for verifying resulting relative positioning of adjacent bones.

Abstract: Systems, methods and a sensor alignment mechanism are disclosed for medical navigational guidance systems. In one example, a system to make sterile a non-sterile optical sensor for use in navigational guidance during surgery includes a sterile drape having an optically transparent window to drape the optical sensor in a sterile barrier and a sensor alignment mechanism. The alignment mechanism secures the sensor through the drape in alignment with the window without breaching the sterile barrier and facilitates adjustment of the orientation of the optical sensor. The optical sensor may be aligned to view a surgical site when the alignment mechanism, assembled with the sterile drape and optical sensor, is attached to a bone. The alignment mechanism may be a lockable ball joint and facilitate orientation of the sensor in at least two degrees of freedom. A quick connect mechanism may couple the alignment mechanism to the bone.