Abstract: An electrical breaker device, in particular a high-voltage circuit breaker, and a method for improved quenching gas cooling are disclosed. Cold gas is stored intermediately in the exhaust region, and a first partial gas flow is guided to bypass the intermediately stored cold gas and to flow off into the breaker chamber, the intermediately stored cold gas being forcibly displaced out of the exhaust region with the aid of a second partial gas flow and being mixed with the first partial gas flow before flowing off into the breaker chamber housing. Exemplary embodiments relate, inter alia, to the design of the intermediate storage volume for the cold gas and to auxiliary means for precooling the hot quenching gas. Advantages are, inter alia, improved quenching gas cooling, an increased circuit breaker rating and/or a more compact breaker design.

Abstract: A method and device for determining the linear response of an electrical multi-port component has an “estimation procedure” in which an estimated admittance matrix is determined by applying voltages to the ports of the component and measuring the response of the component. The estimation procedure can e.g. consist of a conventional measurement of the admittance matrix. The method further has a “measurement procedure” in which several voltage patterns are applied to the port. The voltage patterns correspond to the eigenvectors of the estimated admittance matrix. For each applied voltage pattern, the response of the component is measured. This allows to measure the linear response of the component accurately even if the eigenvalues of the admittance matrix differ by several orders of magnitude.

Abstract: A high-voltage switch has a metal container filled with insulating gas, and a quenching chamber installed in the container. The quenching chamber contains a housing which is aligned along an axis, an arcing contact arrangement which is held in the housing, an exhaust volume which is bounded by the housing, and an outlet channel which is passed through the wall of the housing for exhaust gases. The outlet channel opens with a mouth section which is aligned predominantly axially into the container. The mouth section is bounded on the inside by a tubular section of the housing and on the outside by a tubular housing attachment which surrounds the housing section at a distance from it. An electrically shielded edge which is passed in an annular shape around the axis is arranged on one end face of the housing attachment on which edge a flow, which emerges from the outlet channel of the exhaust gases is detached from the housing attachment.

Abstract: A switching chamber is intended for a gas-insulated high-voltage switch and contains a contact arrangement with two arcing contacts, which move relative to one another along an axis, with an insulating nozzle, an insulating auxiliary nozzle, a heating volume and a heating channel. The heating channel is routed partially axially between the insulating nozzle and the insulating auxiliary nozzle and connects an arcing zone to the heating volume. A section of the heating channel which opens into the heating volume is inclined inward with respect to the axis. Hot gas which is formed when a short-circuit current is disconnected in the arcing zone therefore flows with a velocity component directed inward into the heating volume, and can penetrate deeply into the heating volume in areas close to the axis.

Abstract: A high-voltage switch has a metal container filled with insulating gas, and a quenching chamber installed in the container. The quenching chamber contains a housing which is aligned along an axis, an arcing contact arrangement which is held in the housing, an exhaust volume which is bounded by the housing, and an outlet channel which is passed through the wall of the housing for exhaust gases. The outlet channel opens with a mouth section which is aligned predominantly axially into the container. The mouth section is bounded on the inside by a tubular section of the housing and on the outside by a tubular housing attachment which surrounds the housing section at a distance from it. An electrically shielded edge which is passed in an annular shape around the axis is arranged on one end face of the housing attachment on which edge a flow, which emerges from the outlet channel of the exhaust gases is detached from the housing attachment.

Abstract: A method and device for determining the linear response of an electrical multi-port component has an “estimation procedure” in which an estimated admittance matrix is determined by applying voltages to the ports of the component and measuring the response of the component. The estimation procedure can e.g. consist of a conventional measurement of the admittance matrix. The method further has a “measurement procedure” in which several voltage patterns are applied to the port. The voltage patterns correspond to the eigenvectors of the estimated admittance matrix. For each applied voltage pattern, the response of the component is measured. This allows to measure the linear response of the component accurately even if the .eigenvalues of the admittance matrix differ by several orders of magnitude.

Abstract: An electrical breaker device, in particular a high-voltage circuit breaker, and a method for improved quenching gas cooling are disclosed. Cold gas is stored intermediately in the exhaust region, and a first partial gas flow is guided to bypass the intermediately stored cold gas and to flow off into the breaker chamber, the intermediately stored cold gas being forcibly displaced out of the exhaust region with the aid of a second partial gas flow and being mixed with the first partial gas flow before flowing off into the breaker chamber housing. Exemplary embodiments relate, inter alia, to the design of the intermediate storage volume for the cold gas and to auxiliary means for precooling the hot quenching gas. Advantages are, inter alia, improved quenching gas cooling, an increased circuit breaker rating and/or a more compact breaker design.

Abstract: A process and a device are disclosed for current limiting and/or circuit breaking and a switchgear assembly with such a device. As claimed in the invention a liquid metal is moved by a dielectric fluid drive with a control between a first current path for the rated current (I1), a second current path for current limiting (I2) and optionally a third current path for current interruption (i=0), the working fluid acting mechanically with a definable drive pressure (p1, p2) directly on one surface of the liquid metal. Embodiments are, among others, the following: insulating gas or insulating liquid as the drive fluid; pressure drive with pressure vessels and valves or a piezodrive for the working fluid; and design criteria for the liquid metal arrangement, drive pressure (p1, p2) and piezodrive. Advantages are, among others, the following: reversible current limiting and current interruption, also suited for high voltages and current, fast reaction times, low wear and maintenance-friendly.

Abstract: A process and a device are disclosed for current limiting and/or circuit breaking and a switchgear assembly with such a device. As claimed in the invention a liquid metal is moved by a dielectric fluid drive with a control between a first current path for the rated current (I1), a second current path for current limiting (I2) and optionally a third current path for current interruption (i=0), the working fluid acting mechanically with a definable drive pressure (p1, p2) directly on one surface of the liquid metal. Embodiments are, among others, the following: insulating gas or insulating liquid as the drive fluid; pressure drive with pressure vessels and valves or a piezodrive for the working fluid; and design criteria for the liquid metal arrangement, drive pressure (p1, p2) and piezodrive. Advantages are, among others, the following: reversible current limiting and current interruption, also suited for high voltages and current, fast reaction times, low wear and maintenance-friendly.