Abstract: A sensor device includes a carrier having a via for guiding an electrical contact from a bottom surface to a top surface of the carrier. The device also includes an integrated circuit on the carrier, a sensor element, an optoelectronic component on the top surface of the carrier, and a first electrically conductive contact element on the via an electrically connected thereto. The device further includes a substantially opaque encapsulation material enclosing the sensor element, the optoelectronic component, and the first electrically conductive contact element such that a surface of the sensor element and of the optoelectronic component opposite the carrier is uncovered by the encapsulation material.

Abstract: A method for determining a nonlinearity characteristic of a receiver path includes generating a set of N×M digital samples by repeating N times selecting an scaling factor from a set of N scaling factors, generating a version of a test signal, the version of the test signal corresponding to a test signal scaled by the respective scaling factor, processing the respective version of the test signal in at least a part of the receiver path to generate a respective processed signal, and storing M digital samples corresponding to the respective processed signal. Fourier-transformed data are generated using at least a portion of the set of N×M digital samples and a nonlinearity characteristic of the receiver path is determined based on the Fourier-transformed data.

Abstract: A method for changing test substrates in a continuous-flow vacuum system in a multiple-treatment-step process cycle for treating a substrate, a treatment method using the method for changing test substrates, and systems for treating a plurality of substrates (61) and for changing test substrates. For at least two treatment steps, at least two test substrates (66) are transferred to a vacuum treatment system at the beginning of the process cycle and are transferred back out once the process cycle is concluded. Subsequently, the first test substrate (66) concurrently treated in this step is removed from the measurement position (70) it occupied during the treatment and is deposited in an empty position (71) without a test substrate (66). Subsequently, the second test substrate (66) which has not been treated yet is deposited in the resulting free measurement position (70) for the purpose of supplying the second test substrate to the subsequent treatment step.

Abstract: A frequency linearity measurement circuit configured to measure a frequency linearity of a frequency signal includes: a first measurement circuit configured to generate a first estimate of an integer number of clock cycles of the frequency signal within a respective gate signal period of a gate signal; a second measurement circuit comprising a time-to-digital converter (TDC) configured to generate a second estimate of a fractional number of clock cycle of the frequency signal within the respective gate signal period; a reference measurement circuit configured to generate a third estimate of an expected number of clock cycles within the respective gate signal period; and a closed-loop frequency tracking circuit configured to track a frequency error between an expected frequency and a measured frequency, where the expected frequency and the measured frequency are determined based on the third estimate and on a sum of the first estimate and the second estimate, respectively.

Abstract: A frequency linearity measurement circuit configured to measure a frequency linearity of a frequency signal includes: a first measurement circuit having a counter, where the counter is controlled by a gate signal having a gate signal period, where the first measurement circuit is configured to generate a first estimate of an integer number of clock cycles of the frequency signal within a respective gate signal period of the gate signal; a second measurement circuit having a time-to-digital converter (TDC), where the TDC is controlled by the gate signal, and is configured to generate a second estimate of a fractional number of clock cycle of the frequency signal within the respective gate signal period of the gate signal; and a reference measurement circuit configured to generate a third estimate of an expected number of clock cycles within the respective gate signal period of the gate signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a satellite communications system comprising a satellite with a spatial digital modulator for transmitting an incoming bit stream in multiple beams, wherein the spatial digital modulator is configured to generate transmit symbols by dividing the incoming bit stream into symbols of a symbol alphabet and to allocate each transmit symbol to a specific beam. The invention further relates to a method for transmitting a bit stream by such a satellite communications system.

Abstract: A method for monitoring an RF receiver includes generating of a digital test signal based on a signal, wherein the digital test signal includes a stream of digital test samples having a digital test sample; generating a monitoring signal based on the digital test signal; and coupling of the monitoring signal into a receiver path. The monitoring signal is processed in the receiver path to generate a processed monitoring signal and a stream of digital monitoring samples representing the processed monitoring signal. Information is determined indicating at least one property related to the receiver path based on a processing of a set of digital monitoring samples of the stream of digital monitoring samples. The set of digital monitoring samples includes a digital monitoring sample. The method further includes controlling the RF receiver such that the digital monitoring sample is generated a predetermined time duration after generating the digital test sample.

Abstract: In order to simplify mounting and cabling of optoelectronic plug connectors (3, 3?) and—equipped therewith—subdistribution units (6) and subdistribution systems, the use of special module housings (100) is proposed. The latter can accommodate a plurality of, in particular eight, identical and/or different optoelectronic transducers (2, 2?) and are installed in the plug connectors (3, 3?) between the electrical plug contacts (311) and the multi-core optical cables (58), i.e. the cores (51) thereof. Susceptibility to errors is considerably improved as a result and mounting is significantly simplified as a result of the improved clarity.

Abstract: A method for calibrating an actuation of a converter lock-up clutch of a hydrodynamic torque converter having a pump wheel and a turbine wheel connected to a power-split transmission. The transmission has at least two clutches each connected to a respective power-split shaft assembly and each configured be actuated separately to close and open in order to apply a clutch torque to the turbine wheel so that a rotation speed difference between the pump wheel and the turbine wheel changes. The method includes opening the converter lock-up clutch and the at least two clutches each connected to a respective power-split shaft assembly of the transmission, rotating the pump wheel with a specified rotation speed, and applying a clutch torque to the turbine wheel as a function of an actual rotation speed difference. Clutches connected to a different respective power-split shaft assembly of the transmission are actuated in the closing direction.

Abstract: A method for holding a vehicle on a gradient. The vehicle has a transmission with an output, a first clutch and a second clutch. The primary sides of the first and second clutches are mechanically operatively connected to one another. The secondary sides of the first and second clutches are mechanically operatively connected to one another and to the output of the transmission. Different transmission ratios can be engaged by way of the first clutch and the second clutch, and the first clutch is in an engaged state. The method includes the additional closure of the second clutch in order to block the transmission and thus hold the vehicle at a standstill on a gradient.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, a method of operating a fractional-N phase locked loop (FN-PLL) includes: dividing a first clock signal using a multi-modulus divider (MMD) based on a modulus control signal to form a frequency-divided clock signal, where the first clock signal is based on an output clock of the PLL; generating the modulus control signal based on a divider control input value using a delta-sigma modulator (DSM); and when a fractional portion of the divider control input value is within a first range of values, and repeatedly removing a first number of clock cycles from the first clock signal before dividing the first clock signal using the MMD, where the first number of clock cycles is a non-integer number of clock cycles.

Abstract: A system configured to improve audio processing by performing dereverberation and noise reduction during a communication session. The system may apply a two-channel dereverberation algorithm by calculating coherence-to-diffuse ratio (CDR) values and calculating dereverberation (DER) gain values based on the CDR values. While the DER gain values may be calculated at a first stage within the pipeline, the device may apply the DER gain values at a second stage within the pipeline. For example, the device may calculate the DER gain values prior to performing residual echo suppression (RES) processing but may apply the DER gain values after performing RES processing, in order to avoid excessive attenuation of the local speech. In addition to removing reverberation, the DER gain values also remove diffuse noise components, reducing an amount of noise reduction required. Thus, the device may soften noise reduction when the DER gain values are applied.

Abstract: A method, a delimiting device and an arrangement that includes an automatic movement machine that has at least one movable element, wherein the arrangement includes a delimiting device for delimiting a working region of the automatic movement machine, where the delimiting device includes at least one delimiting element via which it is possible to prevent the at least one element from overshooting at least one boundary of the working region, and the delimiting device also includes a movement apparatus that is configured to move the at least one delimiting element depending on at least one movement of the at least one movable element such that the at least one delimiting element prevents the at least one movable element from overshooting the at least one boundary.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hybrid pipe (1) for stay cable, comprising a tubular shaped wall (15), the wall having an internal face (18) and an external face (19). The hybrid pipe (1) further comprises at least one reinforcing element (12, 22), the reinforcing element (12, 22) being provided at the wall (15) to form the hybrid pipe (1) such that the hybrid pipe (1) has a higher mechanical properties/resistance such as higher buckling resistance, higher tensile strength and/or a lower thermal dilatation than the wall (15) itself. The present invention also relates to a cable-stayed system comprising such a hybrid pipe (1) and a method of manufacturing such a hybrid pipe (1).

Abstract: A method of shifting a transmission in which a clutch, located in the torque flow, in a first gear and in a second gear is controlled in such manner that, in the first gear, the clutch slips and transmits a first torque and, in the second gear, the clutch slips and transmits a second torque. The second torque is chosen such that an output torque of the transmission remains the same when shifting from the first gear to the second gear.

Abstract: A system configured to improve audio processing by performing dereverberation and noise reduction during a communication session. The system may apply a two-channel dereverberation algorithm by calculating coherence-to-diffuse ratio (CDR) values and calculating dereverberation (DER) gain values based on the CDR values. While the device calculates the DER gain values prior to performing acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) processing, the device applies the DER gain values after performing residual echo suppression (RES) processing in order to avoid excessive attenuation of the local speech. To improve output speech quality, the device does not apply the DER gain values for nonreverberant signals, when a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value is too low, and/or when far-end talk (e.g., remote speech) is present. Dereverberation processing is further improved by using frequency dependent parameters to calculate the DER gain values and by adjusting other gain values when the DER gain values are applied.

Abstract: A setting-up arrangement and a method for setting up a mobile automaton includes at least the steps of a) coupling a movable element of the mobile automaton to a movable guide element of a guide device, b) exerting a force on the movable element via the movable guide element by operating the guide device, by which the movable element is moved in a guided manner along a predetermined movement profile via the guide element, c) acquiring a setup dataset characterizing the movement profile and, as a result, setting up the mobile automaton.

Abstract: A plug connector to which a cable having at least one insulated conductor can be connected is provided, wherein the plug connector has a conductive rubber element with at least one conductive layer, but preferably with at least two conductive layers. The electrical connection of the conductors is realized by the conductive rubber element. The conductive rubber element can also form the plug face of the plug connector. As an alternative, the conductors can be connected to contact elements by the conductive rubber element.

Abstract: The present invention describes novel macromonomers containing polyisobutene groups and homo- or copolymers thereof.

Abstract: A system for transmitting time-critical analog signals and/or digital signals between a first device and a second device. The system includes at least a first protocol converter connected to the first device and at least a second protocol converter connected to the second device. A data transmission network for transmission of data packets is provided between the protocol converters. The data transmission network is established by an internet protocol network. The system includes a port redirector associated with at least one of the protocol converters. The port redirector is configured to convert a protocol for serial data transfer into the transmission control protocol, thereby generating the data packets, or to convert the transmission control protocol associated with the data packets into a protocol for serial data transfer. The system is configured to process asynchronous data and synchronous data. Further, a method of transmitting time-critical analog signals and/or digital signals is provided.