Abstract: A plurality of arrays of solar cells are symmetrically stored about a spacecraft during launch to provide symmetrical loading. When the spacecraft is in operational configuration, the solar arrays are deployed adjacent each other on one side of the spacecraft to effectively form a single array and the single array may be oriented to face the sun by a common drive mechanism.

Abstract: A replaceable solar array panel for spacecraft is formed of two or more panels one of which being visible or exposed to the sun and other surfaces being shielded from the sun. The exposed and shielded surfaces are arranged to be replaced by moving or rotating a shielded surface into an exposed surface orientation and to eject, move or rotate an exposed panel surface. The activation of the movements required may be automatic or remotely controlled from a ground-based station upon appropriate indications of the need for replacement of damaged or otherwise deteriorated exposed surfaces.