Abstract: A d.c. to d.c. converter which produces from a low voltage battery supply a high voltage d.c. output. The converter comprises a step up transformer the primary of which receives current pulses under the control of an oscillator. For each current pulse, the current builds up steadily and is then abruptly cut off so as to induce a high voltage pulse in a secondary of the transformer. The high voltage pulses pass along a voltage multiplier to provide the high voltage d.c. output. Each high voltage pulse has associated with it a low voltage pulse in the primary which is used to control the rate of the oscillator. The oscillator is also controlled as a function of the peak current in the primary by a transistor, and the oscillator is further controlled to limit its maximum rate when the output current exceeds a given level, by means of a feedback loop.