Abstract: A secondary cell comprising a positive cathode electrode of capacity P (mAh) in communication with a liquid or gel electrolyte; an negative anode electrode of capacity N (mAh) in communication with the electrolyte; and a separator permeable to at least one mobile species which is redox-active at least one of the anode and the cathode; designed and constructed such that the anode capacity N is smaller than that of the cathode capacity P, hence N/P<0.9.

Abstract: A secondary cell comprising a positive cathode electrode of capacity P (mAh) in communication with a liquid or gel electrolyte; an negative anode electrode of capacity N (mAh) in communication with the electrolyte; and a separator permeable to at least one mobile species which is redox-active at least one of the anode and the cathode; designed and constructed such that the anode capacity N is smaller than that of the cathode capacity P, hence N/P<0.9.

Abstract: A secondary cell comprising a positive cathode electrode of capacity P (mAh) in communication with a liquid or gel electrolyte; an negative anode electrode of capacity N (mAh) in communication with the electrolyte; and a separator permeable to at least one mobile species which is redox-active at least one of the anode and the cathode; designed and constructed such that the anode capacity N is smaller than that of the cathode capacity P, hence N/P<0.9.

Abstract: A secondary cell comprising a positive cathode electrode of capacity P (mAh) in communication with a liquid or gel electrolyte; an negative anode electrode of capacity N (mAh) in communication with the electrolyte; and a separator permeable to at least one mobile species which is redox-active at least one of the anode and the cathode; designed and constructed such that the anode capacity N is smaller than that of the cathode capacity P, hence N/P<0.9.

Abstract: A secondary cell comprising a positive cathode electrode of capacity P (mAh) in communication with a liquid or gel electrolyte; an negative anode electrode of capacity N (mAh) in communication with the electrolyte; and a separator permeable to at least one mobile species which is redox-active at least one of the anode and the cathode; designed and constructed such that the anode capacity N is smaller than that of the cathode capacity P, hence N/P<0.9.

Abstract: A secondary cell comprising a positive cathode electrode of capacity P (mAh) in communication with a liquid or gel electrolyte; an negative anode electrode of capacity N (mAh) in communication with the electrolyte; and a separator permeable to at least one mobile species which is redox-active at least one of the anode and the cathode; designed and constructed such that the anode capacity N is smaller than that of the cathode capacity P, hence N/P<0.9.

Abstract: A magnesium battery electrode assembly is described, including a current collector comprising a metal, an overlayer material on the metal and an electrode layer comprising an electrode active material disposed on the current collector. The overlayer material passivates the metal, or inhibits a corrosion reaction that would occur between the metal and an electrolyte in the absence of the overlayer material.

Abstract: An electrolyte for use in electrochemical cells is provided. One type of non-aqueous Magnesium electrolyte comprises: at least one organic solvent; at least one electrolytically active, soluble, inorganic Magnesium salt complex represented by the formula: MgnZX3+(2*n), in which Z is selected from a group consisting of aluminum, boron, phosphorus, titanium, iron, and antimony; X is a halogen and n=1-5. The properties of the electrolyte include high conductivity, high Coulombic efficiency, and an electrochemical window that can exceed 3.5 V vs. Mg/Mg+2 and total water content of <200 ppm. The use of this electrolyte promotes the electrochemical deposition and dissolution of Mg from the negative electrode without the use of any additive. Other Mg-containing electrolyte systems that are expected to be suitable for use in secondary batteries are also described. Rechargeable, high energy density Magnesium cells containing a cathode, an Mg metal anode, and an electrolyte are also disclosed.

Abstract: A magnesium battery electrode assembly is described, including a current collector comprising a metal, an overlayer material on the metal and an electrode layer comprising an electrode active material disposed on the current collector. The overlayer material passivates the metal, or inhibits a corrosion reaction that would occur between the metal and an electrolyte in the absence of the overlayer material.