Abstract: This invention relates to a resistive heating device. In particular, it relates to an exhaust gas apparatus useful for achieving early light-off of catalytic converters comprising a cellular substrate having a layer of conductive material formed thereon and means for activating the device by passing electric current or by exposing the device to an electromagnetic energy field.

Abstract: A tubular capacitor is formed as follows. A ceramic tube comprising an outer ceramic cylinder and a plurality of radial walls is extruded. The extruded body may also include a second ceramic cylinder coaxial with the first. The one or more cylinders and the radial walls form a plurality of longitudinal passages. After the extrudate is fired and cut, the surfaces of the passages and the remaining surfaces of the cylinder or cylinders are metallized. Selected regions of metalization are removed to form discrete electrodes. The end terminations each comprise a base member from which there extends a plurality of prongs. Some of the prongs extend into the longitudinal passages, whereas others make contact with the outer surface of the outer cylinder and the inner surface of the inner cylinder.

Abstract: A tubular capacitor is formed as follows. A ceramic tube comprising an outer ceramic cylinder and a plurality of radial walls is extruded. The extruded body may also include a second ceramic cylinder coaxial with the first. The one or more cylinders and the radial walls form a plurality of longitudinal passages. After the extrudate is fired and cut, the surfaces of the passages and the remaining surfaces of the cylinder or cylinders are metallized. Selected regions of metalization are removed to form discrete electrodes. Two sets of electrodes are respectively connected to first and second electrical termination means.

Abstract: Sodium ion conducting glasses are disclosed that have a resistivity not over 10.sup.5 ohm cm. at 300.degree., are resistant to corrosive attack by liquid sodium, resist devitrification, are resistant to moisture, and are composed essentially of soda, alumina, silica, and boric oxide. The glasses are particularly useful in forming membranes to separate electrolytes in electrochemical cells such as the sodium-sulfur battery.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of sealing glasses capable of forming strong, non-porous seals with glasses containing at least 10% by weight of an alkali metal oxide such as are used in the fabrication of the glass membranes utilized in sodium-sulfur and potassium-sulfur batteries. The inventive seals require an interdiffusion of ions to occur between the sealing glass and the glass being sealed. Glasses presently employed as membrane glasses for such batteries have base compositions within the Na.sub.2 O--B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and K.sub.2 O--B.sub.2 O.sub.3 systems. The inventive sealing glasses consist essentially, expressed in mole percent on the oxide basis, of about 3-30% R.sub.2 O and 60-95% B.sub.2 O.sub.3, wherein R.sub.2 O consists of K.sub.2 O, Rb.sub.2 O, Cs.sub.2 O, and mixtures thereof and, optionally, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 is substituted for up to one-half the B.sub.2 O.sub.3 content on a molar basis.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of sealing glasses capable of forming strong, non-porous seals with glasses containing at least 10% by weight of an alkali metal oxide such as are used in the fabrication of the glass membranes utilized in sodium-sulfur and potassium-sulfur batteries. The inventive seals require an interdiffusion of ions to occur between the sealing glass and the glass being sealed. Glasses presently employed as membrane glasses for such batteries have base compositions within the Na.sub.2 O-B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and K.sub.2 O-B.sub.2 O.sub.3 systems. The inventive sealing glasses consist essentially, expressed in mole percent on the oxide basis, of about 3-30% R.sub.2 O and 60-95% B.sub.2 O.sub.3, wherein R.sub.2 O consists of K.sub.2 O, Rb.sub.2 O, Cs.sub.2 O, and mixtures thereof and, optionally, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 is substituted for up to one-half the B.sub.2 O.sub.3 content on a molar basis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a surgical cutting instrument having a blade portion and cutting edge therefor with electric input elements located near the cutting edge for cutting the tissue and cauterizing the surfaces of the incision, thereby allowing surgery to be more rapidly performed. This is accomplished in accordance with the illustrated embodiments of this invention by providing electrodes of opposed polarity, applied to the blade, near the cutting edge. With an electrical potential applied, no current will flow between the electrodes and no heat is produced unless the electrode gap is bridged by a conducting medium such as a high conductivity physiological liquid from the incision. Heat is then generated by electric discharge below an arcing threshold in all areas where the blade is in contact with moist tissue. No electric discharge or heat occurs elsewhere.

Abstract: The present invention provides a surgical cutting instrument having a blade portion and cutting edge therefor with electric input elements located near the cutting edge for cutting the tissue and cauterizing the surfaces of the incision, thereby allowing surgery to be more rapidly performed. This is accomplished in accordance with the illustrated embodiments of this invention by providing electrodes of opposed polarity, applied to the blade, near the cutting edge. With an electrical potential applied, no current will flow between the electrodes and no heat is produced unless the electrode gap is bridged by a conducting medium such as a high conductivity physiological fluid. Heat is then generated by electric discharge below an arcing threshold in all areas where the blade is in contact with moist tissue. Little electric discharge or heat occurs elsewhere. Moreover, if movement of the blade is halted, heat generation will substantially diminish as the cut tissue becomes dry as a result of cauterization.

Abstract: A process for forming a solid tantalum capacitor is disclosed wherein the cathode is manganese dioxide formed by pyrolysis. The pyrolysis is performed in a nitrogen dioxide containing atmosphere at a temperature of between about 170.degree. C. and 250.degree. C., the nitrogen dioxide containing atmosphere comprising at least about 10% by volume of nitrogen dioxide, the remainder of said atmosphere being water vapor and gas inert in the pyrolysis process.

Abstract: A hermetic enclosure for an electrical component, particularly for a tantalum capacitor, and a method of forming it is disclosed. A silver container is provided having an open end at which an outwardly protruding flange is formed. A quantity of sealing glass is sealed to a lead and formed into a bead about the lead intermediate the ends thereof. A metallic collar having an outwardly protruding flange is disposed about the bead. This assembly and a metallic band, having a temperature coefficient of expansion greater than the glass bead, is heated and the metallic band is disposed about the collar so as to place the collar and glass bead in compression upon cooling thereby effecting a compression seal between the collar and the glass bead. A hermetic seal is then effected between the outwardly protruding flange of the container and the outwardly protruding flange of the collar.