Abstract: Apparatus and method for measuring Internal Ocular Pressure (IOP) comprises applying a perturbing vibration into an eye over a range of frequencies. A vibrational response of the surface of the eye is measured such as by using a laser velocimeter, the vibrational response including velocity and rate of change of the phase lag. Further, geometric properties such as volume of the eye are measured such as by using a laser interferometer to measure characteristics such as the eye's axial length and cornea thickness. Use of multiple characteristics normalizes the effect of an eye's mechanical and geometric properties and thereby more accurately determines the IOP.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for distance measurement to a remote surface using high frequency modulated transmitted and reflected laser beams and phase-shift calculations. To improve phase-shift resolution, the reflected bean is further modulated, before detection, at a high frequency similar yet different from that of the transmitted beam so as create a resulting detector signal having at least a lower frequency signal which is easily detected by a response limited detector. The lower frequency signal retains the phase-shift information and thus enables determination of the phase-shift information with stable, inexpensive low-frequency optical detectors. Three-dimensional mapping can performed wherein one or more apparatus employ a plurality of detectors or a scanner producing a plurality of sequential reflected beams, each of which results in a plurality of phase-shift information for an area on the surface.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for measuring Internal Ocular Pressure (IOP) comprises applying a perturbing vibration into an eye over a range of frequencies. A vibrational response of the surface of the eye is measured such as by using a laser velocimeter, said response including velocity and rate of change of the phase lag. Further, geometric properties such as volume of the eye are measured such as by using as a laser interferometer to measure characteristics such as the eye's axial length and cornea thickness. Use of multiple characteristics normalize the effect of an eye's mechanical and geometric properties and thereby more accurately determine the IOP.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for measuring intraocular pressure (IOP). comprising a vibrator which transmits a vibrational energy into an eyeball through the eyelid and measures at least one of a force or phase response in the eyeball. The measurements are taken by placing the tonometer against the eyelid to induce vibration in the underlying eyeball. A force transducer coupled to the vibrator measures the response of the eyeball from which a vibrational impedance of the eye is determined. Intraocular pressure is then calculated based on the vibrational impedance. In a preferred use of the apparatus, the tonometer is calibrated against a known intraocular pressure measurement permitting the patient to take subsequent relative IOP measurements at home or otherwise outside a traditional medical setting without the need for anesthetic or fear of infection.

Abstract: A receiver in a digital communications system, in which the digital data occupy a number of levels, equalises the erroneous-count rates for the various data levels by deriving the count rates for the levels, comparing these count rates with each other and using the comparison result to adjust the threshold level which is used to detect the received data train. The error-counts are preferably derived as a byproduct of a Forward Error Correction system already available for performing normal error correction on the received data. The receiver arrangement is envisaged to find predominant application in a two-level system involving logical “1”'s and “0”'s, though it is applicable also to systems with three or more levels.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for distance measurement to a remote surface using high frequency modulated transmitted and reflected laser beams and phase-shift calculations. To improve phase-shift resolution, the reflected bean is further modulated, before detection, at a high frequency similar yet different from that of the transmitted beam so as create a resulting detector signal having at least a lower frequency signal which is easily detected by a response limited detector. The lower frequency signal retains the phase-shift information and thus enables determination of the phase-shift information with stable, inexpensive low-frequency optical detectors. Three-dimensional mapping can performed wherein one or more apparatus employ a plurality of detectors or a scanner producing a plurality of sequential reflected beams, each of which results in a plurality of phase-shift information for an area on the surface.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, which is an inhibitor of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and wherein A and B together form an optionally substituted 5-member aromatic ring which includes at least one heteroatom; R1 is an optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl ring; R2 is selected from a range of organic groups including carboxy, and R3 is hydrogen, or a range of organic groups; in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Certain compounds of formula (I) are novel and these form a further aspect of the invention.

Abstract: In a digital telecommunications system having data packages carrying identification data, the identification data is characterized in that it is unique to the package within a station and does not depend on the identity of the originating station.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition which comprises a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, which is an inhibitor of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and wherein A and B form an optionally substituted alkylene chain so as to form a ring with the carbon atoms to which they are attached; X is CH2 or SO2, R1 is an optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl ring; R2 is a specified organic group such as carboxy, and R3 is hydrogen or a specified organic group; in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Certain compounds of formula (I) are novel and are claimed as such.

Abstract: In a digital telecommunications system having data packages carrying identification data, the identification data is characterized in that it is unique to the package within a station and does not depend on the identity of the originating station.

Abstract: In a digital telecommunication system having data packages carrying identification data, the identification data is characterized in that it is unique to the package within a station and does not depend on the identity of the originating station.

Abstract: The invention concerns quinazoline derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## wherein m is 1, 2 or 3 and each R.sup.1 includes hydroxy, amino, carboxy, carbamoyl, ureido, (1-4C)alkoxycarbonyl, N-(1-4C)alkylcarbamoyl, N,N-di-[(1-4C)alkyl]carbamoyl, hydroxyamino, (1-4C)alkoxyamino, (2-4C)alkanoyloxyamino, trifluoromethoxy, (1-4C)alkyl, (1-4C)alkoxy and (1-3C)alkylenedioxy;n is 1 or 2 and each R.sup.2 includes hydrogen, hydroxy, halogeno, trifluoromethyl, amino, nitro, cyano and (1-4C)alkyl; or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof;processes for their preparation; pharmaceutical compositions containing them; and the use of the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitory properties of the compounds in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The invention concerns quinazoline derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## wherein m is 1, 2 or 3 and each R.sup.1 includes hydroxy, amino, ureido, hydroxyamino, trifluoromethoxy, (1-4C)alkyl, (1-4C)alkoxy and (1-3C)alkylenedioxy; and Q is a 9- or 10-membered bicyclic heterocyclic moiety containing one or two nitrogen heteroatoms and optionally containing a further heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, or Q is a 9- or 10-membered bicyclic aryl moiety which heterocyclic or aryl moiety may optionally bear one or two substituents selected from halogeno, hydroxy, oxo, amino, nitro, carbamoyl, (1-4C)alkyl, (1-4C)alkoxy, (1-4C)alkylamino, di-[(1-4C)alkyl]amino and (2-4C)alkanoylamino; or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof; processes for their preparation; pharmaceutical compositions containing them; and the use of the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitory properties of the compounds in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The invention concerns tricyclic derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form an optionally substituted group of the formula --N.dbd.CH--NH--, --N.dbd.CH--O--, --N.dbd.CH--S--, --N.dbd.N--NH--, --NH--N.dbd.CH--, --NH--CH.dbd.CH--. --NH--CO--NH--, --NH--CO--O--, --NH--CO--S--, --NH--NH--CO--, --N.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.N--, --N.dbd.N--CH.dbd.CH--, --N.dbd.CH--N.dbd.CH--, --N.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.N--, --NH--CO--CH.dbd.CH-- or --N.dbd.CH--CO--NH--; m is 1, 2 or 3 and R.sup.3 includes hydrogen, halogeno and (1-4C)alkyl; or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof;processes for their preparation; pharmaceutical compositions containing them; and the use of the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitory properties of the compounds. in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The invention concerns quinazoline derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 includes hydroxy, amino, hydroxyamino, (1-4C)alkoxy, (1-4C)alkylamino and di-[(1-4C)alkyl]amino;R.sup.3 is halogeno;n is 1, 2 or 3 and R.sup.2 includes hydrogen, hydroxy, halogeno and (1-4C)alkyl;or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof;processes for their preparation; pharmaceutical compositions containing them; and the use of the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitory properties of the compounds in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The invention concerns quinazoline derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## wherein m is 1, 2 or 3 and each R.sup.1 includes hydroxy, amino, carboxy, carbamoyl, ureido, (1-4C)alkoxycarbonyl, N-(1-4C)alkylcarbamoyl, N,N-di-[(1-4C)alkyl]carbamoyl, hydroxyamino, (1-4C)alkoxyamino, (2-4C)alkanoyloxyamino, trifluoromethoxy, (1-4C)alkyl, (1-4C)alkoxy and (1-3C)alkylenedioxy;n is 1 or 2 and each R.sup.2 includes hydrogen, hydroxy, halogeno, trifluoromethyl, amino, nitro, cyano and (1-4C)alkyl;or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof;processes for their preparation; pharmaceutical compositions containing them; and the use of the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitory properties of the compounds in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The invention relates to quinazoline derivatives, or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, which possess anti-tumour activity; to processes for their manufacture; and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.The invention provides a quinazoline of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or amino, or alkyl or alkoxy each of up to 6 carbon atoms; or R.sup.1 is substituted alkyl or alkoxy each of up to 3 carbon atoms;R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyalkyl, halogenoalkyl or cyanoalkyl each of up to 6 carbon atoms;Ar is phenylene or heterocyclene;L is a group of the formula --CO.NH--, --NH.CO--, --CO.NR.sup.3 --, --NR.sup.3.CO--, --CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.sub.2 O--, --OCH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 S--, --SCH.sub.2 --, --CO.CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2.CO-- or --CO.O--, wherein R.sup.3 is alkyl of up to 6 carbon atoms; andY is aryl or heteroaryl or a hydrogenated derivative thereof; orY is a group of the formula --A--Y.sup.

Abstract: The invention relates to quinazoline derivatives, or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, which possess anti-tumour activity; to processes for their manufacture; and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.The invention provides a quinazoline of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 includes hydrogen, amino and alkyl or alkoxy each of up to 4 carbon atoms;R.sup.2 includes hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl and halogenoalkyl each of up to 4 carbon atoms;R.sup.3 is hydrogen or alkyl or up to 3 carbon atoms;Ar is phenylene or heterocyclene;L is a group of the formula --CO.NH--, --NH.CO--, --CO.NR.sup.4 --, --NR.sup.4.CO--, --CH.dbd.CH-- or --CO.O--, wherein R.sup.4 is alkyl of up to 4 carbon atoms; and Y is a branched alkyl group bearing substituents Y.sup.2 and Y.sup.3 the definition of each independently including hydroxy, cyano, aryl and heteroaryl, and the definition of Y.sup.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring the shape of a remote surface (10) comprises a laser (2) whose beam is split into a measuring beam (4) and reference beam (5). The reference beam is passed through a path length modulating mechanism (13, 14) to a datum point (18) while the measuring beam (4) is passed to a point (9) on the remote surface. The reflected beams return along the same paths and are combined at beam splitter (6). The interferometric pattern in the combined beams is analysed to determine the path length of the measuring beam while the transverse coordinates of the point (9) are determined from the position of a beam directing mechanism (12). This process is repeated for a number of points on the surface to measure the shape of the surface (10).

Abstract: The invention relates to quinazoline derivatives, or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, which possess anti-tumour activity; to processes for their manufacture; and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.The invention provides a quinazoline of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or amino, or alkyl or alkoxy each of up to 6 carbon atoms; or R.sup.1 is substituted alkyl or alkoxy each of up to 3 carbon atoms;R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyalkyl, halogenoalkyl or cyanoalkyl each of up to 6 carbon atoms;Ar is phenylene or heterocyclene;L is a group of the formula --CO.NH--, --NH.CO--, --CO.NR.sup.3 --, --NR.sup.3.CO--, --CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.sub.2 O--, --OCH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 S--, --SCH.sub.2 --, --CO.CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 CO-- or --CO.O--, wherein R.sup.3 is alkyl of up to 6 carbon atoms; andY is aryl or heteroaryl or a hydrogenated derivative thereof; orY is a group of the formula --A--Y.sup.