Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions for treating ocular diseases, disorders, and conditions. Described are compositions and methods for preventing, treating, or ameliorating an inflammation-mediated disease or condition in an individual comprising administering to the subject a Fas inhibitor, its derivative, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: There is provided an anodizable aluminum substrate having an increased breakdown voltage. The increase in breakdown voltage is achieved by selecting an appropriate aluminum alloy and appropriate processing parameters. Sealing the anodic film increases the breakdown voltage by decreasing corrosion. A preferred sealant is an epoxy cresol novolac having a low room temperature viscosity that cures to a highly cross-linked polymer.

Abstract: There is provided a machinable .alpha.+.beta. brass containing bismuth and phosphorous. By maintaining the phosphorous content within a critical range, the alloy exhibits good elevated temperature tensile elongation in the temperature range of 100.degree. C.-350.degree. C. without a decrease in machinability due to phosphide formation. In preferred embodiments, the alloy further contains a tin addition for enhanced corrosion resistance. The combination of tin and phosphorous provides enhanced corrosion resistance to the alloy than could be predicted from either addition alone.

Abstract: There is provided an anodizable aluminum substrate having an increased breakdown voltage. The increase in breakdown voltage is achieved by selecting an appropriate aluminum alloy and appropriate processing parameters. Sealing the anodic film increases the breakdown voltage by decreasing corrosion. A preferred sealant is an epoxy cresol novolac having a low room temperature viscosity that cures to a highly cross-linked polymer.

Abstract: A process for producing electronic package components from an aluminum alloy is disclosed. The components have a black color through integral color anodization. The desired color, thickness and surface finish are achieved by regulation of amperage during anodization. The amperage is rapidly raised to in excess of 80 amps per square foot and then allowed to gradually decrease as a function of oxide growth.

Abstract: An electrolyte solution for the electroforming of metal foil, such as copper, is provided. The electrolyte contains an effective concentration of chloride ions to promote the formation of a uniformly matte surface finish. Foil so formed forms a strong mechanical bond with a dielectric substrate during a subsequent lamination process.

Abstract: A process for producing electronic package components from an aluminum alloy is disclosed. The components have a black color through integral color anodization. The desired color, thickness and surface finish are achieved by regulation of amperage during anodization. The amperage is rapidly raised to in excess of 70 amps per square foot and then allowed to gradually decrease as a function of oxide growth while the voltage is maintained in excess of 70 volts.

Abstract: A process for etching copper or a copper base material with an aqueous solution consisting essentially of peroxydisulfuric acid, up to about 500 ppm of a halide addition and the balance water is described. The process includes off-line generation/regeneration of the etching solution. An electrochemical cell for generating/regenerating the etching solution is also described.

Abstract: A solution for etching copper or a copper base material, the solution consisting essentially of peroxydisulfuric acid, being present in an amount of from about 0.5N up to about 6.0N, with chloride or fluoride present in an amount of from about 10 ppm up to about 500 ppm, and the balance water is described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to copper-silicon-tin alloys having improved cleanability. These alloys consist essentially of from about 1.0% to about 5.0% tin, from about 1.0% to about 4.5% silicon, an element selected from the group consisting of from about 0.05% to about 0.5% magnesium and from about 0.01% to about 0.5% lithium, and the balance essentially copper. The alloys may also contain from about 0.01% to about 0.45% chromium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cleaning solution for removing surface oxides from copper base alloys without significantly etching the copper-base alloy material. The cleaning solution comprises from about 1 v/o to about 50 v/o hydrofluoric acid and from about 5 v/o to about 50 v/o of at least one of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid. In a preferred embodiment, the cleaning solution consists essentially of from about 5 v/o to about 15 v/o hydrofluoric acid and from about 25 v/o to about 50 v/o sulfuric acid and the balance essentially water.

Abstract: A heat treatment for providing copper-tin alloys with a substantially continuous tin-phosphorous-oxide protective layer that improves the appearance and the tarnish resistance of the alloys is disclosed. The heat treatment comprises heating the alloys in a reducing atmosphere having a dew point of at least about 65.degree. F. and a temperature in the range of about 700.degree. C. to about 900.degree. C. for a time in the range of about 2 hours to about 24 hours.

Abstract: A heat treatment for providing copper-tin alloys with a substantially continuous tin-phosphorous-oxide protective layer that improves the appearance and the tarnish resistance of the alloys is disclosed. The heat treatment comprises heating the alloys in a reducing atmosphere having a dew point of at least about 65.degree. F. and a temperature in the range of about 700.degree. C. to about 900.degree. C. for a time in the range of about 2 hours to about 24 hours.

Abstract: A rapid and effective surface cleaning process for copper alloys, particularly copper alloys containing aluminum and other metals tending to form surface coatings of refractory oxides during annealing treatments, consists of treating such alloys or articles fabricated thereof for a short time in a hot aqueous solution of an alkali hydroxide, rinsing with water, and then immersing for a short time in a hot aqueous solution of ferric sulfate, or other ferric salt of a mineral acid, followed by rinsing with water.

Abstract: An alloy system is disclosed which is particularly useful for heat exchanger and potable water tubing applications. This alloy system utilizes additions of nickel, tin and manganese in a copper base with the optional addition of aluminum. Such elements as arsenic, antimony and phosphorus may be added as parting inhibitors to this system.

Abstract: An alloy system is disclosed which is particularly useful for heat exchanger and potable water tubing applications. This alloy system utilizes additions of nickel, tin and manganese in a copper base with the optional addition of aluminum. Such elements as arsenic, antimony and phosphorus may be added as parting inhibitors to this system.

Abstract: An improved corrosion resistant aluminum alloy for use in the manufacture of brazed assemblies having improved sag resistant properties is disclosed. The alloy consists essentially of an aluminum base alloy containing from 0.05 to 0.4% chromium, from 0.02 to 0.9% manganese, up to 0.2% iron, up to 0.1% silicon and the balance essentially aluminum.

Abstract: Primary electric cells are formed using as the combination anode and container for the cell aluminum base alloys containing up to 2.0% by weight zinc, up to 5.0% by weight magnesium, less than 0.1% by weight iron, elements selected from the group consisting of cadmium, tin and lead, or any combination thereof, in amounts ranging from 0.05 to 0.3% by weight of each of cadmium and tin and from 0.01 to 0.20% by weight for lead, balance aluminum. The aluminum alloys reduce the incidence of hydrogen gas evolution within the cells. The aluminum base alloys may also be utilized as anode material for uses other than primary cells.

Abstract: Primary electric cells are formed using as the combination anode and container for the cell aluminum base alloys containing from 0.2 to 1.0% by weight zinc, up to 5.0% by weight magnesium, less than 0.1% by weight iron, balance aluminum. The aluminum alloys reduce the incidence of hydrogen gas evolution within the cells. The aluminum base alloys may also be utilized as anode material for uses other than primary cells.

Abstract: Corrosion resistant brazed aluminum composite. The core alloy consists essentially of an aluminum base alloy containing from 0.05 to 0.4% chromium, from 0.02 to 0.9% manganese, up to 0.2% iron, up to 0.1% silicon and the balance essentially aluminum. The cladding brazing alloy consists essentially of an aluminum base alloy containing 4 to 14% silicon, up to 3% magnesium, up to 0.2% bismuth, balance essentially aluminum.