Abstract: The new composition of matter, N,N'-bis[5-hydroxymethylfurfuryl]piperazine.

Abstract: The new composition of matter, N,N-bis(5-hydroxymethylfurfuryl)methylamine.

Abstract: New compositions of matter are tris[5-hydroxymethylfurfuryl]amine and the hydrochloride salt thereof.

Abstract: The new composition of matter, bis(hydroxymethylfurfuryl)butylamine.

Abstract: A shaped mass of particulate material such as foundry sand, admixed with a polymerizable binder, is instantly completely hardened by contact of gas catalyst therewith. The preferred method and apparatus in accordance with the present invention involves first inducing a vacuum within the shaping space of the shaping element and includes employing means for catalyst gassing of the space within the shaping element rather than of the space within the chamber in which the shaping element resides. In addition, a relatively small "aftervoid" chamber is provided and is connected to the shaping cavity at some location therein which is approximately opposite the location of the gas catalyst inlet. The latter eliminates uncured pockets which tended to result from prior methods and apparatus.

Abstract: The method is a "cold box" method in which a porous or thoroughly vented pattern is used. The pattern is preferably completely filled with sand, packed tightly, and then gassed through the pattern with a binder-curing gas catalyst. Control of depth of penetration of the gas catalyst is achieved by control of pre- and post-gassing pressures. The residual pre-gassing interstitial inert gas (usually air) is utilized as an internal cushion which limits penetration of the advancing catalyst gas.

Abstract: A "cold box" process is disclosed in which a "green strength" sand binder mass is removed from a pattern, and placed under a canopy for gassing. The binder-curing gas catalyst is then introduced into the void space between the sand mass and the canopy until it penetrates the exposed surfaces of the sand-binder mass effecting a cure. Control of depth of penetration of the gas catalyst, and therefore, control of the thickness of the shell cured, is achieved by control of pre- and post-gassing pressures. The residual pre-gassing interstitial inert gas (usually air) is utilized as the internal "cushion" which limits the penetration of the advancing catalyst gas.

Abstract: A shaped mass of particulate material such as foundry sand, admixed with a polymerizable binder, is instantly completely hardened by contact of gas catalyst therewith. The preferred method and apparatus in accordance with the present invention involves first inducing a vacuum within the shaping space of the shaping element and includes employing means for catalyst gassing of the space within the shaping element rather than of the space within the chamber in which the shaping element resides. In addition, a relatively small "aftervoid" chamber is provided and is connected to the shaping cavity at some location therein which is approximately opposite the location of the gas catalyst inlet. The latter eliminates uncured pockets which tended to result from prior methods and apparatus.

Abstract: Liquid resinous condensation products are produced by contacting furan and formaldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst while maintaining an excess of furan during the contacting. The method produces liquid resinous condensation products which are useful as binders in the manufacture of composite articles, or as binder modifiers.