Abstract: An expert decision-making method is emulated based on a history of behaviors by experts in a variety of observed situations. The history of behaviors is built up from observations of actions taken by experts in analyzing a plurality of situations. Situation data representative of a situation to be processed is received, and situation features are extracted from the situation data. Each situation feature is associated with an expert behavior method used to process the situation. A behavior method is recognized from a pattern of situation features. Recognizing a behavior method is based on feature/method separation data in multidimensional space of features into so areas with each area associated with a method used by experts. Parameter values for parameters in the recognized behavior method are calculated based on the situation features. The calculation of parameter values is accomplished by recognizing parameter calculation rules and calculating the parameter values using the rules.

Abstract: An expert decision-making method is emulated based on a history of behaviors by experts in a variety of observed situations. The history of behaviors is built up from observations of actions taken by experts in analyzing a plurality of situations. Situation data representative of a situation to be processed is received, and situation features are extracted from the situation data. Each situation feature is associated with an expert behavior method used to process the situation. A behavior method is recognized from a pattern of situation features. Recognizing a behavior method is based on feature/method separation data in multidimensional space of features into areas with each area associated with a method used by experts. Parameter values for parameters in the recognized behavior method are calculated based on the situation features. The calculation of parameter values is accomplished by recognizing parameter calculation rules and calculating the parameter values using the rules.

Abstract: An optical device for viewing an object at a range of working distances. The device comprises a slender tube of a certain length and having a distal end and a proximal end. The device further comprises an imaging system disposed at the distal end and having a wide viewing angle. The device also comprises a telescopic system associated with the proximal end and having a narrow viewing angle. The imaging system is designed to form an image of the object at an image plane located on the device's optical axis and within the tube closer to the distal end than to the proximal end. The telescopic system is designed to enable viewing of the image of the object. The device is especially adapted to function as an endoscope in medical applications and may be disposable.

Abstract: Expert decision-making operations are trained to emulate expert behavior based on an history of behaviors by experts in a variety of observed situations. A history of behaviors is built up from observations of actions taken by experts in analyzing a plurality of situations. The observations are captured, and behaviors from the observations are constructed. The behaviors indicate an association between situation features and methods with parameter for solving the situations. The training operations capture observations of behavior by experts. The observations include situation data about multiple situations and actions by the experts. The actions are associated with the situations. Subject knowledge information is loaded from the observations; the subject knowledge information has a features library, a method library and a parameters library.

Abstract: An expert decision-making method is emulated based on a history of behaviors by experts in a variety of observed situations. The history of behaviors is built up from observations of actions taken by experts in analyzing a plurality of situations. Situation data representative of a situation to be processed is received, and situation features are extracted from the situation data. Each situation feature is associated with an expert behavior method used to process the situation. A behavior method is recognized from a pattern of situation features. Recognizing a behavior method is based on feature/method separation data in multidimensional space of features into areas with each area associated with a method used by experts. Parameter values for parameters in the recognized behavior method are calculated based on the situation features. The calculation of parameter values is accomplished by recognizing parameter calculation rules and calculating the parameter values using the rules.

Abstract: An optical device for viewing an object at a range of working distances. The device comprises a slender tube of a certain length and having a distal end and a proximal end. The device further comprises an imaging system disposed at the distal end and having a wide viewing angle. The device also comprises a telescopic system associated with the proximal end and having a narrow viewing angle. The imaging system is designed to form an image of the object at an image plane located on the device's optical axis and within the tube closer to the distal end than to the proximal end. The telescopic system is designed to enable viewing of the image of the object. The device is especially adapted to function as an endoscope in medical applications and may be disposable.