Abstract: The invention relates to the use of dibutyl malate as an attractant for domestically occurring flies, particularly of the species Musca domestica and Fannia canicularis, and to insect traps characterized by emanating dibutyl malate vapors. Preferably the dibutyl malate is diluted before evaporation with a liquid diluent or a solid diluent or carrier such that the concentration in or on the trap is below 10% by weight.

Abstract: A class of pseudoceramide having the formula shown in which: R1 is a hydrocarbon group; R2-R8 are each independently H or CH.sub.3 ; R9 and R10 are each independently H or hydrocarbon group of up to 24 C atoms; X1 and X2, are independently H or OH; Y1 and Y2 are H or OH, at least one of Y1 and Y2 being OH; wherein the C atom Z, with associated R9 and R10, can be absent; and the C atoms W, with associated R7 and Y2, can be absent, is disclosed. These find use in compositions, particularly cosmetic compositions, suitable for topical application to skin, hair or nails.

Abstract: The invention related to the use of monoalkyl citrates having an alkyl group of 7-10 carbon atoms as solubilizing agents in perfumery, cosmetics, personal care and household products consisting of oil-in-water emulsions as well as to hydrophobic cosmetic, personal care and household product ingredients containing such monoalkyl citrates. The emulsions preferably contain at least 0.01% w/w of monoalkyl citrate. Especially prefereed in monooctyl citrate.