Abstract: The present invention relates, generally to a method of determining and assessing cytochrome P450 2C19-related (CYP2C19) metabolic capacity in an individual mammalian subject via a breath assay, by determining the relative amount of 13CO2 exhaled by the subject upon intravenous or oral administration of a 13C-labeled CYP2C19 substrate compound. The present invention is useful as anon-invasive, in vivo assay for evaluating CYP2C19 enzyme activity in a subject using the metabolite 13CO2 in expired breath, to phenotype individual subjects and to determine the selection, optimal dosage and timing of drug administration.

Abstract: The present invention relates, generally to a method of determining and assessing cytochrome P450 2D6 isoenzyme (CYP2D6)-related metabolic capacity in an individual mammalian subject via a breath assay, by determining the relative amount of 13CO2 exhaled by a the subject upon intravenous or oral administration of a 13C-labeled CYP2D6 substrate compound. The present invention is useful as an in vivo phenotype assay for evaluating CYP2D6-related activity using the metabolite 13CO2 in expired breath and to determine the optimal dosage and timing of administration of CYP2D6 substrate compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates, generally to a method of determining and assessing cytochrome P450 2C19-related (CYP2Cl9) metabolic capacity in an individual mammalian subject via a breath assay, by determining the relative amount of 13CO2 exhaled by the subject upon intravenous or oral administration of a 13C-labeled CYP2C19 substrate compound. The present invention is useful as a non-invasive, in vivo assay for evaluating CYP2C19 enzyme activity in a subject using the metabolite 13CO2 in expired breath, to phenotype individual subjects and to determine the selection, optimal dosage and timing of drug administration.

Abstract: The present invention relates, generally to a method of determining and assessing cytochrome P450 2C19-related (CYP2Cl9) metabolic capacity in an individual mammalian subject via a breath assay, by determining the relative amount of 13CO2 exhaled by the subject upon intravenous or oral administration of a 13C-labeled CYP2C19 substrate compound. The present invention is useful as a non-invasive, in vivo assay for evaluating CYP2C19 enzyme activity in a subject using the metabolite 13CO2 in expired breath, to phenotype individual subjects and to determine the selection, optimal dosage and timing of drug administration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an assay for evaluating alveolar exchange of oxygen. A 13C-labeled substrate, such as 13C-sodium bicarbonate is administered to a subject by oral or iv intake, and exhaled 13CO2 is measured. The 13CO2 in expired breath can be collected at various time points following administration of the substrate and measured in ? per mil with a mass analyzer or photometer, such as an IR spectrometer. This process can be used as a diagnostic test for the indication of, treatment and/or evaluation of the severity of respiratory tract diseases or infections.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an assay for evaluating alveolar exchange of oxygen. A 13C-labeled substrate, such as 13C-sodium bicarbonate is administered to a subject by oral or iv intake, and exhaled 13CO2 is measured. The 13CO2 in expired breath can be collected at various time points following administration of the substrate and measured in &Dgr; per mil with a mass analyzer or photometer, such as an IR spectrometer. This process can be used as a diagnostic test for the indication of, treatment and/or evaluation of the severity of respiratory tract diseases or infections.

Abstract: The selected sequence-directed hydrolysis of RNA under physiologically relevant conditions is described using conjugates comprising metal complexes covalently linked to oligodeoxynucleotides as hydrolysis agents. The oligodeoxynucleotide portions of the agents are selected to provide molecular recognition via the Watson Crick base pairing to the target RNA sequence to be hydrolyzed. A method is described for determining the RNA hydrolysis effectiveness of metals and ligands used to form the metal complexes useful in this invention.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to low molecular weight mimics of superoxide dismutase (SOD) represented by the formula: wherein R, R′, R1, R′1, R2, R′2, R3, R′3, R4, R′4, R5, R′5, R6, R′6, R7, R′7, R8, R′8, R9, R′10, R10 and R′10, X, Y, Z and n are as defined herein, useful as therapeutic agents for inflammatory disease states and disorders, ischemic/reperfusion injury, myocardial infarction, stroke, atherosclerosis, and all other conditions of oxidant-induced tissue damage or injury.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to low molecular weight mimics of superoxide dismutase (SOD) represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R, R', R.sub.1, R'.sub.1, R.sub.2, R'.sub.2, R.sub.3, R'.sub.3, R.sub.4, R'.sub.4, R.sub.5, R'.sub.5, R.sub.6, R'.sub.6, R.sub.7, R'.sub.7, R.sub.8, R'.sub.8, R.sub.9, and R'.sub.9 and X, Y, Z and n are as defined herein, useful as therapeutic agents for inflammatory disease states and disorders, ischemic/reperfusion injury, stroke, atherosclerosis, hypertension and all other conditions of oxidant-induced tissue damage or injury.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to low molecular weight mimics of superoxide dismutase (SOD) represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R, R', R.sub.1, R'.sub.1, R.sub.2, R'.sub.2, R.sub.3, R'.sub.3, R.sub.4, R'.sub.4, R.sub.5, R'.sub.5, R.sub.6, R'.sub.6, R.sub.7, R'.sub.7, R.sub.8, R'.sub.8, R.sub.9, and R'.sub.9 and X, Y, Z and n are as defined herein, useful as therapeutic agents for inflammatory disease states and disorders, ischemic/reperfusion injury, stroke, atherosclerosis, hypertension and all other conditions of oxidant-induced tissue damage or injury.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to low molecular weight mimics of superoxide dismutase (SOD) represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R, R', R.sub.1, R'.sub.1, R.sub.2, R'.sub.2, R.sub.3, R'.sub.3, R.sub.4, R'.sub.4, R.sub.5, R'.sub.5, R.sub.6, R'.sub.6, R.sub.7, R'.sub.7, R.sub.8, R'.sub.8, R.sub.9, and R'.sub.9 and X, Y, Z and n are as defined herein, useful as therapeutic agents for inflammatory disease states and disorders, ischemic/reperfusion injury, stroke, atherosclerosis, hypertension and all other conditions of oxidant-induced tissue damage or injury.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to low molecular weight mimics of superoxide dismutase (SOD) represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R, R', R.sub.1, R'.sub.1, R.sub.2, R'.sub.2, R.sub.3, R'.sub.3, R.sub.4, R'.sub.4, R.sub.5, R'.sub.5, R.sub.6, R'.sub.6, R.sub.7, R'.sub.7, R.sub.8, R'.sub.8, R.sub.9, and R'.sub.9 and X, Y, Z and n are as defined herein, useful as therapeutic agents for inflammatory disease states and disorders, ischemic/reperfusion injury, stroke, atherosclerosis, hypertension and all other conditions of oxidant-induced tissue damage or injury.