Abstract: In an example implementation, a substance detection device includes a chamber with chamber walls, a chamber top, and a chamber bottom. A substrate comprises imprinted nanostructures positioned within the chamber, and the substrate is coupled to the chamber walls to form the chamber bottom. An inert gas is sealed within the chamber.

Abstract: A surface enhanced luminescence (SEL) sensor may include a substrate and nano fingers projecting from the substrate. The nano fingers may include a nano finger extending along an axis. The nano finger may include a plasmonically active cap and a pillar supporting the plasmonically active cap. The pillar may have an asymmetric material composition with respect to the axis.

Abstract: In an example, an apparatus is described that includes a light source, a holographic optical element, a sampling apparatus, and a detector. The light source is configured to emit a beam of excitation light. The holographic optical element is arranged to convert the beam of excitation light into a plurality of beams of excitation light. The sampling apparatus is arranged to project the plurality of beams of excitation light onto a surface outside the apparatus as a two-dimensional pattern of projection points. The sampling apparatus is further arranged to collect scattered radiation emitted by the surface in response to the two-dimensional pattern of projection points. The detector detects a frequency shift in the scattered radiation.

Abstract: Optical readers are disclosed in examples herein. An example optical reader including a light source to emit a light beam; and a spot pattern generator to receive the light beam and to generate a two-dimensional spot array from the light beam, the two-dimensional spot array to be directed toward a substrate having nanostructures, the two-dimensional spot array to be sensed to detect a presence or an absence of a substance of interest on the substrate.

Abstract: In one implementation, a spectral microscope may comprise a substrate with a planar lens, the planar lens including a phase profile including an axial focus and an oblique focus, a light source to excite a signal of a particle among a plurality of particles, and a detector to receive light generated from the light source from the axial focus of the planar lens and a spectral color component of the excited signal of the particle from the oblique focus of the planar lens.

Abstract: An analyte detection package includes a chamber, a surface-enhanced luminescence analyte stage within the chamber, and a tunable lens integrated with the package to focus radiation onto the analyte stage.

Abstract: In an example, an apparatus is described that includes a light source, a holographic optical element, a sampling apparatus, and a detector. The light source is configured to emit a beam of excitation light. The holographic optical element is arranged to convert the beam of excitation light into a plurality of beams of excitation light. The sampling apparatus is arranged to project the plurality of beams of excitation light onto a surface outside the apparatus as a two-dimensional pattern of projection points. The sampling apparatus is further arranged to collect scattered radiation emitted by the surface in response to the two-dimensional pattern of projection points. The detector detects a frequency shift in the scattered radiation.

Abstract: An analyte detection system includes an analyte detection package to be presented to a reading device, and a focus mechanism to adjust a focal point of the analyte detection package relative to the reading device, with the analyte detection package including a surface-enhanced luminescence analyte stage, the reading device including optics to receive scattered radiation emitted luminescence from the analyte stage, and the focus mechanism to adjust the focal point relative to the optics.

Abstract: A sample comprising a first substance and a second substance is modified by breaking down molecular bonds of the second substance of the sample to form a modified sample having altered surface enhanced luminescence (SEL) characteristics to reduce overlapping of SEL characteristics of the first substance in the second substance. Surface enhanced luminescence data resulting from excitation of the modified sample is collected. Characteristics of the first substance based upon the collected surface enhanced luminescence data are identified.

Abstract: In one implementation, a spectral microscope may comprise a substrate with a planar lens, the planar lens including a phase profile including an axial focus and an oblique focus, a light source to excite a signal of a particle among a plurality of particles, and a detector to receive light generated from the light source from the axial focus of the planar lens and a spectral color component of the excited signal of the particle from the oblique focus of the planar lens.

Abstract: An example device includes a substrate having a first surface, an electrowetting force generation layer above the first surface, and a nanostructure layer formed above the electrowetting force generation layer, the nanostructure layer having nano-fingers formed thereon. The electrowetting force generation layer is to generate an electrical field to selectively move at least one reactant on the nano-fingers of the nanostructure layer.

Abstract: Provided in one example is an apparatus, including a substrate supporting a microfluidic channel, a bubble jet inertial pump supported by the substrate adjacent the microfluidic channel to pump fluid through the microfluidic channel and an optical sensor on a first side of the microfluidic channel. A light emitter on a second side of the microfluidic channel is to pass light across the microfluidic channel to the optical sensor.

Abstract: A surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensor may include a nano structured surface and a nonstoichiometric oxide layer. The nano structured surfers may include a first peak, a second peak and a valley between the first peak and the second peak. The non-stoichiometric oxide layer may include a first portion on the first peak and a second portion on the second peak.

Abstract: A gas conduit directs a flow of gas from a gas flow source. A surface enhanced luminescence (SEL) stage is within the conduit and includes a substrate and nano fingers projecting from the substrate. A heater heats the nano fingers to a temperature so as to soften the nano fingers such that the nano fingers collapse towards each other to capture molecules entrained in the gas therebetween.

Abstract: An activatable SEL sensor stage may include a substrate, cation metal-based material masses supported by the substrate and isolated from one another and dielectric capping layer over the cation metal-based material masses to inhibit oxidation of the cation metal-based material masses.

Abstract: An apparatus may include a surface enhanced luminescence (SEL) stage on an interior of a pipette tip.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure are directed toward methods and apparatuses for interacting a first liquid and a second liquid in one or more fluidic channels of a capillary structure. The methods and apparatuses can include providing at least one capillary barrier that positions a meniscus of the first liquid at a fluid-interface region using capillary forces within the capillary structure. Additionally, a path is provided along one of the channels for the second liquid to flow toward the fluid-interface region. Additionally, gas pressure is released, via a gas-outflow port, from the fluid-interface region while flow of the first liquid is arrested. Further, the first liquid and the second liquid contact in the fluid-interface region with the capillary barrier holding the first liquid at the fluid-interface region.

Abstract: A liquid directing sample container includes a well. The well has sides and a floor. The sides having a non-circular profile having an interior angle that, at a target location within the well, is smaller than other interior angles of the profile to wick liquid towards the target location. The floor is sloped downward towards the target location.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure are directed toward methods and apparatuses for interacting a first liquid and a second liquid in one or more fluidic channels of a capillary structure. The methods and apparatuses can include providing at least one capillary barrier that positions a meniscus of the first liquid at a fluid-interface region using capillary forces within the capillary structure. Additionally, a path is provided along one of the channels for the second liquid to flow toward the fluid-interface region. Additionally, gas pressure is released, via a gas-outflow port, from the fluid-interface region while flow of the first liquid is arrested. Further, the first liquid and the second liquid contact in the fluid-interface region with the capillary barrier holding the first liquid at the fluid-interface region.

Abstract: An enzymatic sample purifier comprises a reaction chamber containing an enzyme, a product chamber and a separator. The reaction chamber has a port to receive a sample comprising a protein degradation product. The separator retains polypeptides resulting from reaction of the protein degradation product with the enzyme in the reaction chamber and facilitates transport of purified remaining portions of the sample comprising a target analyte to the product chamber.