Abstract: A residential or commercial building, structure, or building component can include an exterior member, interior member, and plurality of cross-members spatially disposed therebetween. Each of the exterior member, interior member, cross-members can be formed from a multi-layered stack of polymeric material made by a layered three-dimensional printing process, and all can be monolithically integrated. An exterior surface region of the exterior member can have an integrally formed surface finish. Overlying finishing or connective layers can be added. The exterior and interior members can be configured in a parallel arrangement to form a rectangular or curve shaped building block. A fill material can be disposed into openings between the exterior and interior members, and an interior surface region at the interior member can include a cavity configured for an electrical box, plumbing, or a sensing device.

Abstract: A 3D printing apparatus can include a base composite material channel configured to pass a base composite material therethrough, a fiber strand channel configured to pass a fiber strand therethrough, and a fiber feeding component configured to feed the fiber strand through the fiber channel. The fiber strand can be separate from the base composite material before entering the 3D printing apparatus, and the fiber feeding component can facilitate combining of the fiber strand with the base composite material to form a layer of a 3D printed building component with the fiber strand within the base composite material. An impregnation material channel may be included to pass an impregnation liquid or material to impregnate the fiber strand while the fiber strand is within the 3D printing apparatus.

Abstract: A method of printing a 3D printing a photopolymer composite material includes providing a resin premix material including an acrylate monomer or an acrylate oligomer, an inorganic hydrate, a reinforcing filler, a co-initiator, and an ultraviolet (UV) initiator. A thermal initiator is mixed with the resin premix to form a photopolymer composite resin. The photopolymer composite resin is repeatedly extruded and dual-cured by a 3D printing system to create a photopolymer composite material. The 3D printing system includes a control system, a mixing system, a feeding system in fluid communication with the mixing system, a light curing module controlled by the control system, and a printing head controlled by the control system.

Abstract: A residential or commercial building, structure, or building component can include an exterior member, interior member, and plurality of cross-members spatially disposed therebetween. Each of the exterior member, interior member, cross-members can be formed from a multi-layered stack of polymeric material made by a layered three-dimensional printing process, and all can be monolithically integrated. An exterior surface region of the exterior member can have an integrally formed surface finish. Overlying finishing or connective layers can be added. The exterior and interior members can be configured in a parallel arrangement to form a rectangular or curve shaped building block. A fill material can be disposed into openings between the exterior and interior members, and an interior surface region at the interior member can include a cavity configured for an electrical box, plumbing, or a sensing device.

Abstract: An installation for thermal treatment of free-floating raw material, in particular cement raw meal and/or mineral products, may include a riser line through which hot gases can flow. The riser line has at least one fuel inlet for introducing fuel into the riser line. The riser line has at least one raw meal inlet for introducing raw meal into the riser line, which raw meal inlet is arranged upstream of the fuel inlet in a flow direction of gas inside the riser line. Further, a method for thermal treatment of free-floating raw material may involve introducing fuel via a fuel inlet into a riser line for guiding hot gases and introducing raw meal into the riser line. The raw meal is introduced into the riser line upstream of the fuel inlet in the flow direction.

Abstract: A cement production plant may include a preheater for preheating raw meal, a calciner for calcining the preheated raw meal, and a furnace with a furnace burner for firing the raw meal to form cement clinker. The furnace has a combustion gas inlet for admitting a combustion gas with an oxygen content of 30% to 75% into the furnace. The cement production plant may also include a cooler for cooling the cement clinker. The calciner and the furnace each have at least one respective fuel inlet for admitting at least one fuel into the calciner and the furnace. The calciner and the furnace each have at least one respective inert gas inlet for respectively admitting inert gas into the calciner and the furnace.

Abstract: A residential or commercial building, structure, or building component can include an exterior member, interior member, and plurality of cross-members spatially disposed therebetween. Each of the exterior member, interior member, cross-members can be formed from a multi-layered stack of polymeric material made by a layered three-dimensional printing process, and all can be monolithically integrated. An exterior surface region of the exterior member can have an integrally formed surface finish. Overlying finishing or connective layers can be added. The exterior and interior members can be configured in a parallel arrangement to form a rectangular or curve shaped building block. A fill material can be disposed into openings between the exterior and interior members, and an interior surface region at the interior member can include a cavity configured for an electrical box, plumbing, or a sensing device.

Abstract: A method of printing a 3D printing a photopolymer composite material includes providing a resin premix material including an acrylate monomer or an acrylate oligomer, an inorganic hydrate, a reinforcing filler, a co-initiator, and an ultraviolet (UV) initiator. A thermal initiator is mixed with the resin premix to form a photopolymer composite resin. The photopolymer composite resin is repeatedly extruded and dual-cured by a 3D printing system to create a photopolymer composite material. The 3D printing system includes a control system, a mixing system, a feeding system in fluid communication with the mixing system, a light curing module controlled by the control system, and a printing head controlled by the control system.

Abstract: A method of printing a 3D printing a photopolymer composite material includes providing a resin premix material including an acrylate monomer or an acrylate oligomer, an inorganic hydrate, a reinforcing filler, a co-initiator, and an ultraviolet (UV) initiator. A thermal initiator is mixed with the resin premix to form a photopolymer composite resin. The photopolymer composite resin is repeatedly extruded and dual-cured by a 3D printing system to create a photopolymer composite material. The 3D printing system includes a control system, a mixing system, a feeding system in fluid communication with the mixing system, a light curing module controlled by the control system, and a printing head controlled by the control system.

Abstract: A composition for a 3D printing construction material includes an acrylate oligomer, an acrylate monomer, a UV photoinitiator, a flame retardant, fillers, and additives. In the composition, the acrylate oligomer may be between about 0-30.0 wt % of the composition. The acrylate monomer may be between about 0-30.0 wt % of the composition. The UV photoinitiator may be between about 0.02-1.0 wt % of the composition. The flame retardant may be between about 2.0-20.0 wt % of the composition. The fillers may be between about 20.0-80.0 wt % of the composition. The additives may be between about 0-3.0 wt % of the composition. A method for manufacturing a composition for a 3D printing construction material includes combining an acrylate oligomer, an acrylate monomer, an Uaphotoinitiator, a flame retardant, fillers, and additives.

Abstract: A 3D printing system can include an extruding system, curing system and feedback system. The extruding system can include a feed pipe coupled to a printing material source and a nozzle that extrudes a printed material. The feedback system can include a processor and sensors and can detect the temperature and location of the curing system during the printing process. The curing system cures the printed material after extrusion and includes curing sources coupled to a mounting arrangement, which can be a curved surface. The curing sources can each be directed toward a focal region located proximate the nozzle outlet and can combine to emit a combined curing energy to the focal region. The curing sources can be LEDs and the curing energy can be UV light. The curing system can rotate about an axis during printing and curing to facilitate rapid movement and printing of complex 3D objects.

Abstract: A 3D printing apparatus can include a base composite material channel configured to pass a base composite material therethrough, a fiber strand channel configured to pass a fiber strand therethrough, and a fiber feeding component configured to feed the fiber strand through the fiber channel. The fiber strand can be separate from the base composite material before entering the 3D printing apparatus, and the fiber feeding component can facilitate combining of the fiber strand with the base composite material to form a layer of a 3D printed building component with the fiber strand within the base composite material. An impregnation material channel may be included to pass an impregnation liquid or material to impregnate the fiber strand while the fiber strand is within the 3D printing apparatus.

Abstract: A formulation for a photopolymer composite material for a 3D printing system includes an acrylate monomer or an acrylate oligomer, an inorganic hydrate, a reinforcing filler, a co-initiator, a thermal initiator, and an ultraviolet (UV) initiator. In the formulation the acrylate monomer or the acrylate oligomer may be between about 10.0-30.0 w % of the formulation. The thermal initiator may be between about 0.001-0.05 w %, the co-initiator may be between about 0.001-0.05 w %, and the UV initiator may be between about 0.001-0.2 w % of the formulation. A method of generating a formulation of a photopolymer composite material for use in a 3D printing system includes using an acrylate monomer or an acrylate oligomer, an inorganic hydrate, a reinforcing filler, a co-initiator, a thermal initiator, and an ultraviolet (UV) initiator.

Abstract: A formulation for a photopolymer composite material for a 3D printing system includes an acrylate monomer or an acrylate oligomer, an inorganic hydrate, a reinforcing filler, a co-initiator, a thermal initiator, and an ultraviolet (UV) initiator. In the formulation the acrylate monomer or the acrylate oligomer may be between about 10.0-30.0 w % of the formulation. The thermal initiator may be between about 0.001-0.05 w %, the co-initiator may be between about 0.001-0.05 w %, and the UV initiator may be between about 0.001-0.2 w % of the formulation. A method of generating a formulation of a photopolymer composite material for use in a 3D printing system includes using an acrylate monomer or an acrylate oligomer, an inorganic hydrate, a reinforcing filler, a co-initiator, a thermal initiator, and an ultraviolet (UV) initiator.

Abstract: A residential or commercial building, structure, or building component can include an exterior member, interior member, and plurality of cross-members spatially disposed therebetween. Each of the exterior member, interior member, cross-members can be formed from a multi-layered stack of polymeric material made by a layered three-dimensional printing process, and all can be monolithically integrated. An exterior surface region of the exterior member can have an integrally formed surface finish. Overlying finishing or connective layers can be added. The exterior and interior members can be configured in a parallel arrangement to form a rectangular or curve shaped building block. A fill material can be disposed into openings between the exterior and interior members, and an interior surface region at the interior member can include a cavity configured for an electrical box, plumbing, or a sensing device.

Abstract: A method of printing a 3D printing a photopolymer composite material includes providing a resin premix material including an acrylate monomer or an acrylate oligomer, an inorganic hydrate, a reinforcing filler, a co-initiator, and an ultraviolet (UV) initiator. A thermal initiator is mixed with the resin premix to form a photopolymer composite resin. The photopolymer composite resin is repeatedly extruded and dual-cured by a 3D printing system to create a photopolymer composite material. The 3D printing system includes a control system, a mixing system, a feeding system in fluid communication with the mixing system, a light curing module controlled by the control system, and a printing head controlled by the control system.

Abstract: A method of printing a 3D printing a photopolymer composite material includes providing a resin premix material including an acrylate monomer or an acrylate oligomer, an inorganic hydrate, a reinforcing filler, a co-initiator, and an ultraviolet (UV) initiator. A thermal initiator is mixed with the resin premix to form a photopolymer composite resin. The photopolymer composite resin is repeatedly extruded and dual-cured by a 3D printing system to create a photopolymer composite material. The 3D printing system includes a control system, a mixing system, a feeding system in fluid communication with the mixing system, a light curing module controlled by the control system, and a printing head controlled by the control system.

Abstract: A formulation for a photopolymer composite material for a 3D printing system includes an acrylate monomer or an acrylate oligomer, an inorganic hydrate, a reinforcing filler, a co-initiator, a thermal initiator, and an ultraviolet (UV) initiator. In the formulation the acrylate monomer or the acrylate oligomer may be between about 10.0-30.0 w % of the formulation. The thermal initiator may be between about 0.001-0.05 w %, the co-initiator may be between about 0.001-0.05 w %, and the UV initiator may be between about 0.001-0.2 w % of the formulation. A method of generating a formulation of a photopolymer composite material for use in a 3D printing system includes using an acrylate monomer or an acrylate oligomer, an inorganic hydrate, a reinforcing filler, a co-initiator, a thermal initiator, and an ultraviolet (UV) initiator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an in vitro method of detecting secretory granules (SGs) of different ages in a cell by differentially labelling said SGs according to their age comprising (a) contacting a cell capable of forming SGs and expressing 1. a (poly)peptide specific for SGs, wherein said (poly)peptide has a binding site common for at least three different substances A, B and C covalently binding thereto or 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an in vitro method of detecting secretory granules (SGs) of different ages in a cell by differentially labelling said SGs according to their age comprising (a) contacting a cell capable of forming SGs and expressing 1. a (poly)peptide specific for SGs, wherein said (poly)peptide has a binding site common for at least three different substances A, B and C covalently binding thereto or 2.