Abstract: The invention relates to a process for treating production water resulting from enhanced oil recovery, said production water comprising an aqueous phase and an organic phase dispersed in said aqueous phase, and at least one polymer in the aqueous phase, said process comprising: a step of bringing said production water into contact with an additive comprising at least one tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium salt (THMP salt), a step of separating the aqueous phase and the organic phase of said production water comprising said additive, by means of a hydrocyclone. The invention also relates to an enhanced recovery process using a step of treating the production water according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for detecting the presence of gas hydrates and/or ice in a medium. The method comprises at least the following steps: measuring at least at one measurement point in said medium two characteristic values of Raman spectra corresponding to two distinct vibration modes of the OH bonds of water, and determining the ratio ? of said two characteristic values, determining the temperature T in said medium at said measurement point of said spectra, comparing ratio ? with a value ?0 corresponding to a predetermined threshold of formation of said crystals for said temperature T, and determining the presence or not of hydrate and/or ice crystals from said comparison.

Abstract: The device for detecting the presence of gas hydrates and/or ice according to the invention comprises at least: a laser source, at least two band-pass filters, at least one APD detector, at least one means for measuring the temperature at the measurement point, and means for analysing the presence or not of hydrates and/or ice at the measurement point.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for detecting the presence of gas hydrates and/or ice in a medium. The method comprises at least the following steps: measuring at least at one measurement point in said medium two characteristic values of Raman spectra corresponding to two distinct vibration modes of the OH bonds of water, and determining the ratio ? of said two characteristic values, determining the temperature T in said medium at said measurement point of said spectra, comparing ratio ? with a value T0 corresponding to a predetermined threshold of formation of said crystals for said temperature T, and determining the presence or not of hydrate and/or ice crystals from said comparison.

Abstract: The device for detecting the presence of gas hydrates and/or ice according to the invention comprises at least: a laser source, at least two band-pass filters, at least one APD detector, at least one means for measuring the temperature at the measurement point, and means for analysing the presence or not of hydrates and/or ice at the measurement point.

Abstract: A method of capturing acid compounds contained in a gas, wherein the following stages are carried out: a) contacting (R1) gas (2) with a liquid solution (9) comprising a mixture of an aqueous phase and of a non-water miscible phase so as to produce a solution (3) comprising acid compound hydrates and an acid compound depleted gas (10), b) dividing (B1) the solution comprising acid compound hydrates into a hydrate-rich fraction and a fraction rich in non-water miscible phase, c) separating (B1) hydrate-rich fraction (4) from fraction (5) rich in non-water miscible phase, d) heating (R2) the hydrate-rich fraction so as to release gaseous acid compounds (6) by dissociating the hydrates and to produce a water-rich fraction (8), e) mixing (B2) the fraction rich in non-water miscible phase obtained in stage c) with the water-rich fraction produced in stage d) so as to produce the liquid solution used in stage a).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of enriching a gaseous effluent in acid compounds, which comprises the following stages: feeding into a contactor a feed gas comprising acid compounds and a composition comprising at least two liquid phases non-miscible with one another, including an aqueous phase, at least one amphiphilic compound and at least one mixture of promoters, establishing in said contactor predetermined pressure and temperature conditions for the formation of hydrates consisting of water, promoters and acid compounds, carrying the hydrates dispersed in the phase non-miscible in the aqueous phase through pumping to a hydrate dissociation drum, establishing in the drum the hydrate dissociation conditions, discharging the gas resulting from the dissociation enriched in acid compounds in relation to the feed gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of enriching a gaseous effluent with acid compounds, comprising the following stages: feeding into a contactor R1 a feed gas and a mixture of at least two liquid phases non-miscible with one another, including an aqueous phase, the feed gas containing at least acid compounds, establishing in said contactor predetermined pressure and temperature conditions for the formation of hydrates consisting of water and of acid compounds, carrying the hydrates dispersed in the phase non-miscible in the aqueous phase by pumping P1 to a hydrate dissociation drum R2, establishing in the drum the hydrate dissociation conditions, discharging the gas resulting from the dissociation enriched in acid compounds in relation to the feed gas.

Abstract: In order to transport hydrates in suspension in a fluid comprising water, gas and a liquid hydrocarbon, at least one non-polluting composition consisting essentially of a mixture comprising at least one ester associated with a non-ionic co-surfactant of the polymerized (dimer and/or trimer) carboxylic acid type is incorporated into said fluid. The composition is generally introduced in a concentration of 0.1% to 5% by weight with respect to the liquid hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A process intended to prevent sedimentation of gas hydrates in petroleum production installations comprises adding to the petroleum effluent at least one additive making it possible to modify the rheological behaviour of the petroleum effluent to impart thereto a flow threshold fluid behaviour.

Abstract: A process for preparing a composition comprising a mixture with ester and amine function in the form of ester-amines, amines, salts of amines, monoglycerides and diglycerides all derived from monomeric, dimeric, trimeric, and/or tetrameric fatty acids contained in polymerized polyunsaturated oil comprising: (a) polymerizing a polyunsaturated vegetable or animal oil to form a polymerized oil, (b) treating the polymerized oil with water vapor, and (c) reacting the polymerized oil with an excess of at least one compound containing at least one hydroxyl function and at least one tertiary amine function, optionally in the presence of a catalyst. Said methods further comprise adding the compositions to an oil effluent as dispersing agents for hydrates.

Abstract: In order to manufacture a composition mainly containing compounds with ester and amide functions, in particular in the form of ester-amides, as well as compounds with amine functions, such as ester-amines, the salts of amines, monoglycerides and diglycerides, formed from monomeric, dimeric, trimeric and/or tetrameric fatty acids contained in a polymerized polyunsaturated oil, a process is implemented which comprises the following stages: a) use (or preparation) of a polymerized oil by polymerization of a polyunsaturated vegetable or animal oil; b) treatment of said polymerized oil by entrainment with water vapor; and c) reaction of the polymerized oil thus treated with an excess of at least one aminoalcohol, in the presence or not of a catalyst. This composition can be used as an emulsifying and dispersing surfactant, in particular as an additive for dispersing hydrates in oil effluents.

Abstract: In order to improve the transport of oilfield effluents comprising water, a gas and possibly a liquid hydrocarbon phase under thermodynamic conditions which can lead to the formation of hydrates, a formulation containing at least two additives, one of which behaves as a hydrate crystal nucleation agent, is added to the effluent to be transported.

Abstract: A process for slowing the growth and/or agglomeration of hydrates in a fluid comprising water and gases by adding at least one essentially water-soluble polyoxyalkylene glycol macromer or at least one essentially water-soluble polymer containing a single macromer or a plurality of different macromer units of polyoxyalkylene glycol or a mixture of essentially water-soluble macromers and/or polymacromers. It is also possible to both retard the formation of hydrates and to substantially slow their growth and limit their agglomeration during crystallization by combining polyoxyalkylene glycol macromer type structures with kinetic additive type structures which are known to inhibit hydrate formation.

Abstract: The process for slowing the growth and/or agglomeration of hydrates in a fluid comprising water and gases comprises adding gas hydrate growth and/or agglomeration inhibitors comprising an essentially water soluble polymer, characterized by a total number of rotational degrees of freedom per statistical repeat unit RDFTm of over 9, preferably over 10, and a degree of polymerization DP of a statistical repeat unit in the range 18/RDFTm to 200,000, preferably in the range 20/RDFTm to 100,000. The growth and/or agglomeration inhibitor(s) is/are generally incorporated into the fluid to be treated in a concentration of 0.05% to 5% by weight with respect to the amount of water in the medium.

Abstract: The inhibiting or retarding hydrate formation, growth and/or agglomeration in a fluid comprising water and gases, is accomplished by addition of at least one hydrosoluble homopolymer or copolymer derived from at least one nitrogen-containing monomer selected from cationic monomers, for example those containing at least one quaternary ammonium moiety, amphoteric monomers, for example those containing at least one quaternary ammonium moiety and at least one carboxylate or sulphonate moiety, and various neutral monomers, said hydrosoluble homopolymer or copolymer being neutral or anionic, or consisting of a polyampholyte. The homopolymer, copolymer or mixture of polymers optionally mixed with an alcohol is generally incorporated into the fluid to be treated at a concentration of 0.05% to 5% by weight with respect to the quantity of water in the medium.

Abstract: A method of transporting hydrates suspended in a fluid comprising water, a gas and a liquid hydrocarbon is described in which at least one non-ionic amphiphilic composition obtained by reacting at least one polymerized unsaturated vegetable oil with an aminoalcohol is incorporated into the fluid. The non-ionic amphiphilic composition is generally introduced in a concentration of 0.1% to 5% by weight with respect to the water.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for inhibiting or retarding hydrate formation, growth and/or agglomeration in a fluid comprising water and gases, by addition of a hydrosoluble copolymer which does not contain a heterocycle but contains at least one sulphonate group.The copolymer is generally introduced at a concentration of 0.05% to 5% by weight with respect to the quantity of water in the medium.The copolymer can also be mixed with an alcohol (monoalcohol or polyol). In this case, the proportions are generally 0.5% to 20% by weight of alcohol with respect to the water content, for 0.05% to 3% by weight of copolymer with respect to the quantity of water content of the medium.