Abstract: A cationic starch product, the making of it and its use. The starch product comprises starch (St) and a cationising reagent, which is made from choline or its synthetic equivalent, whereby the cationising reagent has reacted with a part of the hydroxyl groups of the starch according to the structure formula (VI) or (VII). The structure component A is a hydrocarbon chain. The substituents R are hydrogens; lower or higher acrylic alkly groups, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalklyl groups; substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl groups; lower or higher alkyl groups or non-aromatic heterocyclic groups containing alkoxy groups or other hetero atoms.

Abstract: A cationic starch product, the making of it and its use. The starch product comprises starch (St) and a cationising reagent, which is made from choline or its synthetic equivalent, whereby the cationising reagent has reacted with a part of the hydroxyl groups of the starch according to the structure formula (VI) or (VII). The structure component A is a hydrocarbon chain. The substituents R are hydrogens; lower or higher acyclic alkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted cykloalkyl groups; substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl groups; lower or higher alkyl groups or non-aromatic heterocyclic groups containing alkoxy groups or other heteroatoms.

Abstract: An adhesive binder for bonding together lignocellulosic particles, fibers and flakes of vegetable origin to form particle boards, fiber boards, flake boards and similar wood-based products, comprising a solublized fraction obtained by enzymatic treatment of fibrous, lignocellulosic raw materials. The present binder can be obtained by treating fibrous lignocellulosic raw material with a hydrolytic enzyme in an aqueous medium, recovering the solubilized material of the enzymatic treatment, forming an aqueous suspension containing said material and an oxidase, and oxidizing said material in the presence of said oxidase by introducing oxygen-containing gas into the supension. This method thus produces an increased amount of a water-soluble fraction containing carbohydrates, extractives and lignin useful as an adhesive binder.

Abstract: The invention relates to an intermediate product for the preparation of polymerizates from lignin derivatives obtained from the cellulose industry. The intermediate product is produced by treating the lignin derivatives with enzymes capable of oxidizing phenol in the presence of oxidizing agents. According to the invention the lignin derivatives are subjected to the enzymatic treatment for more than 3 hours in the presence of air, or they are subjected to an enzymatic treatment for more than 10 min, whereby air or oxygen is introduced. The lignin polymers obtained from the polymerization of lignin derivatives performed in the presence of active intermediate products are suited for use in the production of binding agents for wood materials.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of pure cyclosporin which is purified chromatographically from a mixture of different cyclosporin forms and other substances prepared by fermentation. The process comprises feeding a mixture containing a desired form of cyclosporin with an eluent consisting of high pressure carbon dioxide and an adjuvant, into a chromatography column being packed with particles prepared of silica, and recovering from the eluent flow coming out of the chromatography column a fraction which contains the desired cyclosporin form in adequately pure form.

Abstract: A method is provided for supplying the desired optical isomer of a derivative of epoxypropionic acid from a racemix mixture. A representative derivative of epoxypropionic acid is an ester of (p-methoxyphenyl)epoxypropionic acid. The racemic mixture initially is dissolved in carbon dioxide and the resulting solution is passed through a chromatographic column. The desired isomer is subsequently separated from the resulting eluant. In a preferred embodiment the chromatographic column is packed with microcrystallized cellulosetriacetate, cellulose-tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate), or cellulose-tris-(p-methylphenylcarbamate).