Abstract: Described herein are, inter alia, electrodes for use in energy storage devices, such as a cathode or anode in a battery. An electrode may include a substrate which serves as a reaction site that occur during electrochemical cycling of an energy storage device. In some embodiments, an electrode can undergo intercalation chemistry, conversion chemistry, plating-stripping/deposition-dissolution chemistry, or combinations thereof. A film and/or additive may be provided in an electrode in order to mitigate side reactions and/or electrochemical passivation reactions. An electrode may include one or more materials that (i) electrochemically reduce a portion of the electrolyte to a gas during electrochemical cycling, (ii) suppress generation of hydrogen gas by increasing a hydrogen evolution overpotential, (iii) constrain gas after formation, and/or (iv) catalyze oxidation of a gas back into an electrolyte. An electrode may include one or more electroactive materials in addition to a substrate.

Abstract: A composition configured for oral use is provided, the composition including a filler in an amount of at least 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, and at least one active ingredient including one or more botanical materials, stimulants, amino acids, vitamins, antioxidants, cannabinoids, pharmaceutical agents, or a combination thereof. The composition further includes a salt and at least one sweetener. The composition has a moisture content of at least about 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.