Abstract: Compositions and methods are presented in which aragonite, and especially oolitic aragonite particles are used as infill material in an artificial turf structure or as sub-growth substrate for natural grass. Advantageously, oolitic aragonite particles provide: a superior microporous surface for effective water saturation to impart thermal control and environmental compatibility; ammonia neutralization of urine by reducing urea hydrolysis with the free calcium presented in the aragonite particles; and aragonite particle uniformity allowing for reduced compaction and desirable water draining.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are personal care and/or cosmetic compositions, comprising a carrier and oolitic aragonite beads having an average diameter between 10 nm to 10 mm. Also disclosed herein are methods of reducing plastic contamination and/or pollution comprising making a cosmetic or personal care composition, wherein at least a portion to all (100%) of the plastic microbeads in the cosmetic or personal care composition are replaced with oolitic aragonite. Also disclosed herein are a milling system and milling methods for producing oolitic aragonite particles having a clean top size in which the particles are screened to remove any oversized particles. Additional uses include drug-loaded aragonite particles for therapeutic drug delivery and chromatography media.

Abstract: A top motor broadcast spreader having a container for storing material and having an opening at its lower end for releasing material from the container. A closure spreader member below the container covers container opening and is movable downward away from the opening to release and spread material onto a surface. A motor is mounted inside the container and above the opening at the lower end of the container having a motor shaft extending downwardly from the motor through the opening at the lower end of the container and is connected to the closure spreader member to move the closure spreader member downward upon rotation of the motor shaft to release and spread material onto a surface. The closure spreader member comprises a flat horizontal and circular plate having flat rectangular spreader flaps extending vertically up and flat rectangular spreader flaps extending vertically down in an alternating pattern on the circular plate.

Abstract: A preferred embodiment of the invention generally comprises a hopper container attached to the top face of a spreader console having an electrically-powered spreader plate positioned within a distribution opening in the front center of the front face of the spreader console and operated with a spreader control switch extending down from the right side of the lower horizontal base of the spreader console. A conventional electric motor is housed in a motor compartment that extends from the center of the lower horizontal base of the spreader console. A conventional battery is housed within a battery compartment located on the left side of the motor compartment. The battery compartment is accessed via an access panel. It is contemplated that the device will be carried by the user in front of his body while walking over the area where the material is to be distributed.

Abstract: A top motor broadcast spreader having a container for storing material and having an opening at its lower end for releasing material from the container. A closure spreader member below the container covers container opening and is movable downward away from the opening to release and spread material onto a surface. A motor is mounted inside the container and above the opening at the lower end of the container having a motor shaft extending downwardly from the motor through the opening at the lower end of the container and is connected to the closure spreader member to move the closure spreader member downward upon rotation of the motor shaft to release and spread material onto a surface. The closure spreader member comprises a flat horizontal and circular plate having flat rectangular spreader flaps extending vertically up and flat rectangular spreader flaps extending vertically down in an alternating pattern on the circular plate.

Abstract: A preferred embodiment of the invention generally comprises a hopper container attached to the top face of a spreader console having an electrically-powered spreader plate positioned within a distribution opening in the front center of the front face of the spreader console and operated with a spreader control switch extending down from the right side of the lower horizontal base of the spreader console. A conventional electric motor is housed in a motor compartment that extends from the center of the lower horizontal base of the spreader console. A conventional battery is housed within a battery compartment located on the left side of the motor compartment. The battery compartment is accessed via an access panel. It is contemplated that the device will be carried by the user in front of his body while walking over the area where the material is to be distributed.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods of attaching an exercise device to a chair to provide for a user of the chair to perform exercises. The apparatus generally includes a chair support section configured to be attached to the chair, and an exercise device that includes a support that is positioned on the floor. The chair support section and exercise device are configured to be engaged together when the user is exercising.

Abstract: A method for treating a fluid by providing a raw fluid to a process tank. The raw fluid may be water having varying degrees of contamination or another type of fluid. The method further consists of adding an ion exchange resin to the process tank to form a raw fluid/ion exchange resin mixture. After the fluid has been sufficiently contacted with the ion exchange resin, treated fluid is removed from the process tank through a membrane filter located within the process tank. The method is completed by regenerating the ion exchange resin within the same process tank.

Abstract: A method for treating a fluid by providing a raw fluid to a process tank. The raw fluid may be water having varying degrees of contamination or another type of fluid. The method further consists of adding an ion exchange resin to the process tank to form a raw fluid/ion exchange resin mixture. After the fluid has been sufficiently contacted with the ion exchange resin, treated fluid is removed from the process tank through a membrane filter located within the process tank. The method is completed by regenerating the ion exchange resin within the same process tank.

Abstract: A method is provided for processing debit transactions at the lowest cost available. The method is comprised of the following steps: providing a merchant identification number and an account number BIN file to a debit processing center; matching the merchant identification number against at least one merchant database at the debit processing center; providing a merchant network list from the at least one merchant database based upon the match of the merchant identification number; providing a customer network list from the at least one merchant database based upon the match of customer identification number; creating a merchant-customer network list by matching at least one common element from the merchant network list and the customer network list. Next the system determines the validity for each common element of the merchant-customer network list and eliminates each invalid common element from the merchant-customer network list.