Abstract: An industrial controller can perform multi-dimensional optimization locally using the controller's native hardware and processing. An optimization algorithm is encoded on the industrial controller in a language understandable and executable by the controller (e.g., IEC61131-3). The optimization algorithm is adapted for the scan-based processing performed by industrial controllers rather than sequential processing, thereby allowing the optimization algorithm to be executed by the industrial controller as part of the controller's control program execution. A control program development system allows a user to add and configure the optimization algorithm as an instruction within the controller's control program. The instruction's configurable parameters allow the user to submit constraints and cost functions for the algorithm.

Abstract: The invention relates to improvements in metering valves for use in dispensing apparatus. There is provided a metering valve (10) for assembly with a pressurised dispensing container (not shown). The valve (10) comprises a valve stem (20) co-axially slidable within a valve body (16, 17) defining a metering chamber. Inner and outer seals (15, 18) are provided for scaling between the valve body and the valve stem and a gasket (14) is located on the valve body for sealing against a neck portion of a pressurised disposing container. At least one of the inner seal, outer seal or gasket is formed as a co-moulding with at least part of the valve body.