Abstract: There is provided a Kramers-Kronig receiver, comprising a reception path; wherein the reception path comprises: a Stokes receiver that is configured to receive a polarization-multiplexed signal and to output a Stokes vector; wherein the polarization-multiplexed signal comprises a first modulated signal, a second modulated signal and a continuous wave signal; wherein the first modulated signal is of a first polarization; wherein the second modulated signal is of a second polarization; wherein the continuous wave signal is of the first modulation or of the second modulation; a set of analog to digital converters that are configured to generate a digital representation of the Stokes vector; and a digital processor that is configured to process the digital representation of the Stokes vector to provide a reconstructed polarization-multiplexed signal, wherein the processing is based on a Kramers-Kronig relationship related to the polarization-multiplexed signal.

Abstract: There is provided a Kramers-Kronig receiver, comprising a reception path; wherein the reception path comprises: a Stokes receiver that is configured to receive a polarization-multiplexed signal and to output a Stokes vector; wherein the polarization-multiplexed signal comprises a first modulated signal, a second modulated signal and a continuous wave signal; wherein the first modulated signal is of a first polarization; wherein the second modulated signal is of a second polarization; wherein the continuous wave signal is of the first modulation or of the second modulation; a set of analog to digital converters that are configured to generate a digital representation of the Stokes vector; and a digital processor that is configured to process the digital representation of the Stokes vector to provide a reconstructed polarization-multiplexed signal, wherein the processing is based on a Kramers-Kronig relationship related to the polarization-multiplexed signal.

Abstract: A Kramers-Kronig receiver that may include a reception path; wherein the reception path may include a photodiode that is configured to receive a received signal and output a photocurrent that represents the received signal; wherein the received signal comprises a continuous wave (CW) signal and a modulated signal; wherein a frequency gap between the CW signal and the modulated signal is smaller than a bandwidth of the modulated signal; an analog to digital converter that is configured to generate a digital representation of the photocurrent; and a digital processor that is configured to process the digital representation of the photocurrent to provide a reconstructed modulated signal, wherein the processing is based on a Kramers-Kronig relationship related to the received signal.

Abstract: A Kramers-Kronig receiver that may include a reception path; wherein the reception path may include a photodiode that is configured to receive a received signal and output a photocurrent that represents the received signal; wherein the received signal comprises a continuous wave (CW) signal and a modulated signal; wherein a frequency gap between the CW signal and the modulated signal is smaller than a bandwidth of the modulated signal; an analog to digital converter that is configured to generate a digital representation of the photocurrent; and a digital processor that is configured to process the digital representation of the photocurrent to provide a reconstructed modulated signal, wherein the processing is based on a Kramers-Kronig relationship related to the received signal.

Abstract: A method that may include receiving a block of signals from a certain wavelength division multiplex (WDM) channel out of a set of WDM channels; analyzing at least a first sub-block of signals of the block of signals to provide analysis results indicative of interferences that affect the first sub-block of signals and result from transmissions over other WDM channels of the set of WDM channels; and mitigating interferences that affect the block of signals in response to the analysis results.

Abstract: A method that may include receiving a block of signals from a certain wavelength division multiplex (WDM) channel out of a set of WDM channels; analyzing at least a first sub-block of signals of the block of signals to provide analysis results indicative of interferences that affect the first sub-block of signals and result from transmissions over other WDM channels of the set of WDM channels; and mitigating interferences that affect the block of signals in response to the analysis results.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for determining the birefringence autocorrelation length of a fiber in a non-destructive manner. The PMD of an optical fiber is measured over a first optical spectrum. A Faraday rotation angle is measured over a second optical spectrum. The birefringence autocorrelation length is determined from the measuring of the PMD and the Faraday rotation angle.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing transmission distance and/or transmission data rates using tedons and an encoding scheme to reduce the number of ones in a data signal is described. For example, the method for increasing transmission distance and transmission data rate of a fiber optical communications link using tedons includes the steps of encoding a data signal to be transmitted using an encoding scheme that reduces a number of ones in the data signal, transmitting the encoded data signal over the fiber optical communications link, receiving the encoded data signal and decoding the encoded data signal.

Abstract: Methods and systems for higher-order PMD compensation are implemented by developing an effective mathematical model and applying economical design techniques to the model. By assuming a constant precession rate for a narrow band of frequencies in an optical signal, a simplified model of a higher-order PMD compensator can be derived. The model can be used produce an economical compensator by making multiple uses of selected optical components.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for determining the birefringence autocorrelation length of a fiber in a non-destructive manner. The PMD of an optical fiber is measured over a first optical spectrum. A Faraday rotation angle is measured over a second optical spectrum. The birefringence autocorrelation length is determined from the measuring of the PMD and the Faraday rotation angle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for determining the birefringence autocorrelation length of a fiber in a non-destructive manner. The PMD of an optical fiber is measured over a first optical spectrum. A Faraday rotation angle is measured over a second optical spectrum. The birefringence autocorrelation length is determined from the measuring of the PMD and the Faraday rotation angle.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing transmission distance and/or transmission data rates using tedons and an encoding scheme to reduce the number of ones in a data signal is described. For example, the method for increasing transmission distance and transmission data rate of a fiber optical communications link using tedons includes the steps of encoding a data signal to be transmitted using an encoding scheme that reduces a number of ones in the data signal, transmitting the encoded data signal over the fiber optical communications link, receiving the encoded data signal and decoding the encoded data signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for determining the birefringence autocorrelation length of a fiber in a non-destructive manner. The PMD of an optical fiber is measured over a first optical spectrum. A Faraday rotation angle is measured over a second optical spectrum. The birefringence autocorrelation length is determined from the measuring of the PMD and the Faraday rotation angle.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing transmission distance and/or transmission data rates using tedons and an encoding scheme to reduce the number of ones in a data signal is described. For example, the method for increasing transmission distance and transmission data rate of a fiber optical communications link using tedons includes the steps of encoding a data signal to be transmitted using an encoding scheme that reduces a number of ones in the data signal, transmitting the encoded data signal over the fiber optical communications link, receiving the encoded data signal and decoding the encoded data signal.

Abstract: Methods and systems for higher-order PMD compensation are implemented by developing an effective mathematical model and applying economical design techniques to the model. By assuming a constant precession rate for a narrow band of frequencies in an optical signal, a simplified model of a higher-order PMD compensator can be derived. The model can be used produce an economical compensator by making multiple uses of selected optical components.

Abstract: Methods and systems for higher-order PMD compensation are implemented by developing an effective mathematical model and applying economical design techniques to the model. By assuming a constant precession rate for a narrow band of frequencies in an optical signal, a simplified model of a higher-order PMD compensator can be derived. The model can be used produce an economical compensator by making multiple uses of selected optical components.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing transmission distance and/or transmission data rates using tedons and an encoding scheme to reduce the number of ones in a data signal is described. The method for increasing transmission distance and transmission data rate of a fiber optical communications link using tedons comprises the steps of encoding a data signal to be transmitted using an encoding scheme that reduces a number of ones in said data signal, transmitting said encoded data signal over said fiber optical communications link, receiving said encoded data signal and decoding said encoded data signal.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing transmission distance and/or transmission data rates using tedons and an encoding scheme to reduce the number of ones in a data signal is described. For example, the method for increasing transmission distance and transmission data rate of a fiber optical communications link using tedons comprises the steps of encoding a data signal to be transmitted using an encoding scheme that reduces a number of ones in the data signal, transmitting the encoded data signal over the fiber optical communications link, receiving the encoded data signal and decoding the encoded data signal.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing timing and amplitude jitter in trnasmission of Retrun-to-Zero modulated pulses is described. In the reduction of amplitude jitter the modulated pulses must be phase coherent. The method comprises the steps of measuring a total dispersion of a transmission fiber link, computing an optimal amount of pre-chirp to be added at an input of said transmission fiber link, computing an optimal amount of pre-chirp to be added at an output of said transmission fiber link, adding said optimal amount of pre-chirp to said input of said tranmisssion fiber link and adding said optimal amount of pre-chirp to said output of said tranmisssion fiber link.

Abstract: Methods and systems for higher-order PMD compensation are implemented by developing an effective mathematical model and applying economical design techniques to the model. By assuming a constant precession rate for a narrow band of frequencies in an optical signal, a simplified model of a higher-order PMD compensator can be derived. The model can be used produce an economical compensator by making multiple uses of selected optical components.