Abstract: In a method for synthesizing 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) or an N-substituted diamino derivative thereof or a salt of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene or of the N-substituted diamino derivative, a carbodiimide is reacted with a dinitromethane anion. The reaction of the carbodiimide with the dinitromethane anion takes place in a solution.

Abstract: In a method for synthesizing 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) or a salt thereof, an isourea derivative cation, which consists of a C(NH2)(NH2+) radical and a nucleofugal leaving group bonded to the carbon atom of the C(NH2) (NH2+) radical, is reacted with a dinitromethane anion. The reaction of the isourea derivative cation with the dinitromethane anion takes place in a solution.

Abstract: An odor sample for explosives detection dogs includes a solution of the explosive in an ionic liquid, wherein the explosive is a nonperoxidic explosive. A process for producing an odor sample for explosives detection dogs as well as a process for using an odor sample for explosives detection dogs are also provided.

Abstract: In a method for synthesizing 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) or an N-substituted diamino derivative thereof or a salt of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene or of the N-substituted diamino derivative, a carbodiimide is reacted with a dinitromethane anion. The reaction of the carbodiimide with the dinitromethane anion takes place in a solution.

Abstract: In a method for synthesizing 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) or a salt thereof, an isourea derivative cation, which consists of a C(NH2)(NH2+) radical and a nucleofugal leaving group bonded to the carbon atom of the C(NH2) (NH2+) radical, is reacted with a dinitromethane anion. The reaction of the isourea derivative cation with the dinitromethane anion takes place in a solution.

Abstract: An active composition for a decoy which radiates spectrally as the active composition burns, contains an additive which is distributed in the active composition and which increases the ratio of the intensity of radiation emitted during combustion of the active composition in the wavelength range from 3.7 to 5.1 ?m to the intensity of radiation emitted during combustion of the active composition in the wavelength range from 1.9 to 2.3 ?m. The active composition contains a fuel having carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, and an oxidizer for the fuel, containing oxygen atoms. The amount of the oxidizer being such that it is not sufficient for complete oxidation of the carbon, and the additive being a catalyst present in the form of particles that catalyzes a redox reaction.

Abstract: An active composition for a decoy which radiates spectrally as the active composition burns up, including radiation emitted during combustion of the active composition in the wavelength range from 3.7 to 5.1 ?m which is stronger by a factor of at least 15 than radiation emitted during combustion of the active composition in the wavelength range from 1.9 to 2.3 ?m. The active composition contains a nitrate ester and/or one nitrosamine as a fuel having carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms, and ammonium perchlorate as oxidizer. The amount of the ammonium perchlorate is such that it is not sufficient for complete oxidation of the fuel. The active composition contains either the nitrate ester in the form of a polymeric solid, or a binder, not more than 5 carbon atoms in the fuel being joined to one another by direct bonding, and the active composition containing substantially no carbon source containing elemental carbon.

Abstract: An active composition for a decoy which radiates spectrally as the active composition burns, contains an additive which is distributed in the active composition and which increases the ratio of the intensity of radiation emitted during combustion of the active composition in the wavelength range from 3.7 to 5.1 ?m to the intensity of radiation emitted during combustion of the active composition in the wavelength range from 1.9 to 2.3 ?m. The active composition contains a fuel having carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, and an oxidizer for the fuel, containing oxygen atoms. The amount of the oxidizer being such that it is not sufficient for complete oxidation of the carbon, and the additive being a catalyst present in the form of particles that catalyzes a redox reaction.

Abstract: An active composition for a decoy which radiates spectrally as the active composition burns up, including radiation emitted during combustion of the active composition in the wavelength range from 3.7 to 5.1 ?m which is stronger by a factor of at least 15 than radiation emitted during combustion of the active composition in the wavelength range from 1.9 to 2.3 ?m. The active composition contains a nitrate ester and/or one nitrosamine as a fuel having carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms, and ammonium perchlorate as oxidizer. The amount of the ammonium perchlorate is such that it is not sufficient for complete oxidation of the fuel. The active composition contains either the nitrate ester in the form of a polymeric solid, or a binder, not more than 5 carbon atoms in the fuel being joined to one another by direct bonding, and the active composition containing substantially no carbon source containing elemental carbon.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of using a neutral ionic liquid to at least one of stabilize a peroxidic explosive and to produce a stable solution of the peroxidic explosive which includes providing the neutral ionic liquid and using the neutral ionic liquid to at least one of stabilize the peroxidic explosive and to produce the stable solution of the peroxidic explosive. The present invention further provides a stable composition which includes a solution of at least one neutral ionic liquid and a detectable amount of a peroxidic explosive, a method of production thereof, and a method of use thereof as an odor sample.

Abstract: A missile includes a pyrotechnic charge. The missile is constructed in such a way that the pyrotechnic charge is made to burn deflagratively when the missile is used correctly. The pyrotechnic charge includes a mixture containing at least one metal or a metal alloy as a fuel and at least one metal oxide as an oxidizing agent. The fuel and the oxidizing agent are selected in such a manner that they can react with one another by burning. The mixture is compressed to a density of at least 85% of a theoretical density of the mixture, and the fuel, the oxidizing agent and a quantitative ratio between the fuel and the oxidizing agent are selected in such a manner that a density of the mixture is at least 6 g/cm3.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of using a neutral ionic liquid to at least one of stabilize a peroxidic explosive and to produce a stable solution of the peroxidic explosive which includes providing the neutral ionic liquid and using the neutral ionic liquid to at least one of stabilize the peroxidic explosive and to produce the stable solution of the peroxidic explosive. The present invention further provides a stable composition which includes a solution of at least one neutral ionic liquid and a detectable amount of a peroxidic explosive, a method of production thereof, and a method of use thereof as an odor sample.

Abstract: A missile includes a pyrotechnic charge. The missile is constructed in such a way that the pyrotechnic charge is made to burn deflagratively when the missile is used correctly. The pyrotechnic charge includes a mixture containing at least one metal or a metal alloy as a fuel and at least one metal oxide as an oxidizing agent. The fuel and the oxidizing agent are selected in such a manner that they can react with one another by burning. The mixture is compressed to a density of at least 85% of a theoretical density of the mixture, and the fuel, the oxidizing agent and a quantitative ratio between the fuel and the oxidizing agent are selected in such a manner that a density of the mixture is at least 6 g/cm3.

Abstract: A method for creating flames, wherein combustible powder material is injected into a gas stream (120) and the dispersed mixture of powder and gas is ignited and discharged through a nozzle (124). An arrangement suitable for implementing the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of improving the burn rate and ignitability of aluminium fuel particles, and a thus modified aluminium fuel for use in propellant and explosive compositions and pyrotechnic charges. Aluminium fuel particles are treated with an aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid and a fluoride and/or complex fluoride salt of an alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal to form a surface layer of a fluoride complex bound to the aluminium fuel particle.

Abstract: A method of improving the burn rate and ignitability of aluminium fuel particles, and a thus modified aluminium fuel for use in propellant and explosive compositions and pyrotechnic charges. Aluminium fuel particles are treated with an aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid and a fluoride and/or complex fluoride salt of an alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal to form a surface layer of a fluoride complex bound to the aluminium fuel particle.