Patents by Inventor Arto V Nurmikko
Arto V Nurmikko has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Publication number: 20200229704Abstract: Systems, apparatus and methods for a neural implant are provided. In one embodiment, a neural implant that can both optically stimulate neurons and record electrical signals from neurons is provided, including a wide band gap semiconductor optoelectronic microarray, such optoelectronic microarray including a plurality of needles, each providing both optical transparency and electrical conductivity; a flexible optical conduit from the optoelectronic microarray to an optical signal source; a flexible electrical conduit from the optoelectronic microarray to an electrical signal sensor; integration of the optical and electrical conduits to a single monolithic optical cable; a circuit assembly coupled to the electrical signal source and the optical signal source; and a processor for providing control of at least one of the electrical signal sensor and the optical signal source. Further embodiments are described herein.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 6, 2019Publication date: July 23, 2020Inventors: Joonhee LEE, Arto V. NURMIKKO, Yoon-Kyu SONG
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Patent number: 10433754Abstract: Systems and methods for providing an electrical interface to a body are provided. In one embodiment, an implantable module is disclosed, comprising: an implantable electrode array, implantable within a body and capable of providing a plurality of communication channels for communicating electrical signals detected in a body; an amplifier circuit for processing electrical signals received from the electrode array; a wireless transceiver for sending and receiving telemetry data between the amplifier circuit and a wireless receiver located outside of the body; and a sealed enclosure that houses the amplifier circuit and the wireless transmitter and is biocompatible with surrounding tissue, the enclosure having a window that is transparent to a wireless medium used by the wireless transceiver.Type: GrantFiled: September 16, 2013Date of Patent: October 8, 2019Assignee: Brown UniversityInventors: Arto V. Nurmikko, Ming Yin, William R. Patterson, Juan Aceros, David A. Borton, Christopher W. Bull, Farah Laiwalla
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Publication number: 20170042713Abstract: A portable monitoring device for whole-body monitoring can include a receiver configured to receive wireless signals representing real-time neural activity from a neural sensor and to process the wireless signals into digital signals. The portable monitoring device can also include a first processor coupled to the receiver configured to receive the digital signals from the receiver and a programmable processor coupled to the first processor. The programmable processor can be configured to process the digital signals and generate a mapping of the neural activity into a person's behavior, a person's mood, a person's health condition, a person's memory, or a person's intentions.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 13, 2015Publication date: February 16, 2017Inventors: Arto V. NURMIKKO, Christopher David HEELAN, David Allenson BORTON, Jacob KOMAR, David ROSLER, John D. SIMERAL
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Patent number: 9373931Abstract: The methods and materials described herein contemplate the use films of colloidal quantum dots as a gain medium in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser. The present disclosure demonstrates a laser with single-exciton gain in the red, green, and blue wavelengths. Leveraging this nanocomposite gain, the results realize a significant step toward full-color single-material lasers.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 2013Date of Patent: June 21, 2016Assignee: BROWN UNIVERSITYInventors: Arto V. Nurmikko, Cuong Dang
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Publication number: 20160073887Abstract: Systems, apparatus and methods for a neural implant are provided. In one embodiment, a neural implant that can both optically stimulate neurons and record electrical signals from neurons is provided, including a wide band gap semiconductor opto electronic microarray, such optoelectronic microarray including a plurality of needles, each providing both optical transparency and electrical conductivity; a flexible optical conduit from the optoelectronic microarray to an optical signal source; a flexible electrical conduit from the optoelectronic microarray to an electrical signal sensor; integration of the optical and electrical conduits to a single monolithic optical cable; a circuit assembly coupled to the electrical signal source and the optical signal source; and a processor for providing control of at least one of the electrical signal sensor and the optical signal source. Further embodiments are described herein.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 11, 2014Publication date: March 17, 2016Applicant: BROWN UNIVERSITYInventors: Joonhee LEE, Arto V. NURMIKKO, Yoon-Kyu SONG
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Publication number: 20150076408Abstract: The methods and materials described herein contemplate the use films of colloidal quantum dots as a gain medium in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser. The present disclosure demonstrates a laser with single-exciton gain in the red, green, and blue wavelengths. Leveraging this nanocomposite gain, the results realize a significant step toward full-color single-material lasers.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 11, 2013Publication date: March 19, 2015Inventors: Arto V. Nurmikko, Cuong Dang
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Publication number: 20140094674Abstract: Systems and methods for providing an electrical interface to a body are provided. In one embodiment, an implantable module is disclosed, comprising: an implantable electrode array, implantable within a body and capable of providing a plurality of communication channels for communicating electrical signals detected in a body; an amplifier circuit for processing electrical signals received from the electrode array; a wireless transceiver for sending and receiving telemetry data between the amplifier circuit and a wireless receiver located outside of the body; and a sealed enclosure that houses the amplifier circuit and the wireless transmitter and is biocompatible with surrounding tissue, the enclosure having a window that is transparent to a wireless medium used by the wireless transceiver.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 16, 2013Publication date: April 3, 2014Applicant: BROWN UNIVERSITYInventors: Arto V. NURMIKKO, Ming YIN, William R. Patterson, Juan ACEROS, David A. BORTON, Christopher W. BULL, Farah LAIWALLA
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Patent number: 8567253Abstract: An opto-acoustic transducer assembly includes a substrate; at least one layer of opto-acoustic material coupled to a surface of the substrate, where the at least one layer of opto-acoustic material generates sound waves when struck by pulses of pump light; and an acoustic lens configured to focus sound waves generated by the at least one layer of opto-acoustic material towards a sample. The acoustic lens is further configured to collect sound waves returning from the sample and to direct the returning sound waves to the at least one layer of opto-acoustic material. In one non-limiting embodiment the at least one layer of opto-acoustic material is interposed between the substrate and the acoustic lens, and the substrate is substantially transparent to light having wavelengths of interest.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 2006Date of Patent: October 29, 2013Assignee: Brown UniversityInventors: Humphrey J. Maris, Arto V. Nurmikko
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Patent number: 8302480Abstract: An optical-acoustic transducer structure includes at least one metal or semiconducting film in which a part of a pump light pulse is absorbed to generate a sound pulse; and at least one dielectric film. The thicknesses and optical properties of the at least one metal or semiconducting film and the at least one dielectric film are selected so that a returning sound pulse results in a measurable change in the optical reflectivity and/or some other optical characteristic of the transducer structure. The transducer structure includes a resonant cavity, and an output surface that is shaped so as to provide no significant focusing of generated sound waves when the sound waves are launched towards a surface of the sample.Type: GrantFiled: February 5, 2008Date of Patent: November 6, 2012Assignee: Brown UniversityInventors: Humphrey J. Maris, Arto V. Nurmikko
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Publication number: 20110036171Abstract: An optical-acoustic transducer structure includes at least one metal or semiconducting film in which a part of a pump light pulse is absorbed to generate a sound pulse; and at least one dielectric film. The thicknesses and optical properties of the at least one metal or semiconducting film and the at least one dielectric film are selected so that a returning sound pulse results in a measurable change in the optical reflectivity and/or some other optical characteristic of the transducer structure. The transducer structure includes a resonant cavity, and an output surface that is shaped so as to provide no significant focusing of generated sound waves when the sound waves are launched towards a surface of the sample.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 5, 2008Publication date: February 17, 2011Applicant: BROWN UNIVERSITYInventors: Humphrey J. Maris, Arto V. Nurmikko
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Patent number: 7624640Abstract: An opto-acoustic transducer assembly includes a substrate; at least one layer of opto-acoustic material coupled to a surface of the substrate, where the at least one layer of opto-acoustic material generates sound waves when struck by pulses of pump light; and an acoustic lens configured to focus sound waves generated by the at least one layer of opto-acoustic material towards a sample. The acoustic lens is further configured to collect sound waves returning from the sample and to direct the returning sound waves to the at least one layer of opto-acoustic material. The at least one layer of opto-acoustic material is responsive to the returning sound waves for having at least one optical property thereof changed, where the change is detectable from a change in a characteristic of reflected pulses of probe light that are time delayed with respect to the pulses of pump light.Type: GrantFiled: January 4, 2006Date of Patent: December 1, 2009Assignee: Brown UniversityInventors: Humphrey J. Maris, Arto V Nurmikko
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Publication number: 20090272191Abstract: One aspect of the present invention concerns scanning acoustic microscopes in which sound waves used for imaging purposes are generated by an opto-acoustical process. A scanning acoustic microscope of the present invention includes an opto-acoustic transducer assembly having a substrate. Formed on or in the substrate of the opto-acoustic transducer assembly is a layer of opto-acoustic material. When pulsed light waves impinge the layer of opto-acoustic material, pulsed sound waves are created. An acoustic lens also formed in the substrate focuses the pulsed sound waves which are then used to probe the physical and mechanical properties of a sample object. Pulsed sound waves reflecting off the sample object return to the opto-acoustic transducer where the pulsed sound waves impinge the layer of opto-acoustic material. The impinging sound waves change at least one optical property of the layer of opto-acoustic material.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 30, 2006Publication date: November 5, 2009Inventors: Humphery J Maris, Arto V. Nurmikko
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Patent number: 7551657Abstract: A Magneto-Optoelectronic Device MOD (10) includes a magnetic sensing device (12), such as a magnetoresistive device or a magnetic tunnel junction device, that is combined with a semiconductor light emitter (14), such as a LED or a laser diode, to create a compact integrated device where changes in an ambient magnetic field are expressed as changes in an optical beam intensity emanating from the MOD. Using the MOD (10) the magnetic field related information can be transmitted by a light wave over very large distances through some medium (34), for example, through free space and/or through an optical fiber.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 2008Date of Patent: June 23, 2009Assignee: Brown UniversityInventor: Arto V Nurmikko
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Publication number: 20090052484Abstract: A Magneto-Optoelectronic Device MOD (10) includes a magnetic sensing device (12), such as a magnetoresistive device or a magnetic tunnel junction device, that is combined with a semiconductor light emitter (14), such as a LED or a laser diode, to create a compact integrated device where changes in an ambient magnetic field are expressed as changes in an optical beam intensity emanating from the MOD. Using the MOD (10) the magnetic field related information can be transmitted by a light wave over very large distances through some medium (34), for example, through free space and/or through an optical fiber.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 16, 2008Publication date: February 26, 2009Inventor: Arto V. Nurmikko
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Patent number: 7440479Abstract: A Magneto-Optoelectronic Device MOD (10) includes a magnetic sensing device (12), such as a magnetoresistive device or a magnetic tunnel junction device, that is combined with a semiconductor light emitter (14), such as a LED or a laser diode, to create a compact integrated device where changes in an ambient magnetic field are expressed as changes in an optical beam intensity emanating from the MOD. Using the MOD (10) the magnetic field related information can be transmitted by a light wave over very large distances through some medium (34), for example, through free space and/or through an optical fiber.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 2002Date of Patent: October 21, 2008Assignee: Brown UniversityInventor: Arto V Nurmikko
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Patent number: 7280870Abstract: According to embodiments of the invention, one or more implants in a body may be connected with optical fibers for transmitting data and/or power to or from the implants. Aspects of the invention related to various embodiments of the actual implant as well as to various embodiments for connecting optical fibers to the implants.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 2003Date of Patent: October 9, 2007Assignee: Brown University Research FoundationInventors: Arto V. Nurmikko, John P. Donoghue, J. Christopher Flaherty, William R. Patterson, III
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Patent number: 7064827Abstract: A particle detector has a chamber defining a pathway that a target particle follows between an entry and an exit point, a solid-state energy source such as an LED, and a re-emission sensor. The energy source imparts energy to the particle between the two points, and the sensor includes an arcuate or multi-planar lens to focus energy re-emitted by the particle. The particle is identifiable by its re-emitted energy spectrum. A scanner re-directs the beam from a single energy source to track the particle between the entry and exit points. Alternatively, the energy source is a plurality of source elements that each scan the particle at a single position. Another embodiment is a chipscale detector system wherein energy source elements are disposed on a source layer, sensor elements are disposed on a sensor layer, and one or more target particles to be detected are retained on a capture layer disposed therebetween.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 2003Date of Patent: June 20, 2006Assignee: Brown University Research FoundationInventors: Arto V. Nurmikko, Richard K. Chang
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Patent number: 6822991Abstract: A light emitting device includes a first active region, a second active region, and a tunnel junction. The tunnel junction includes a layer of first conductivity type and a layer of second conductivity type, both thinner than a layer of first conductivity type and a layer of second conductivity type surrounding the first active region. The tunnel junction permits vertical stacking of the active regions, which may increase the light generated by a device without increasing the size of the source.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 2002Date of Patent: November 23, 2004Assignee: Lumileds Lighting U.S., LLCInventors: William D. Collins, III, Nathan F. Gardner, Arto V. Nurmikko
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Publication number: 20040066816Abstract: A light emitting device includes a first active region, a second active region, and a tunnel junction. The tunnel junction includes a layer of first conductivity type and a layer of second conductivity type, both thinner than a layer of first conductivity type and a layer of second conductivity type surrounding the first active region. The tunnel junction permits vertical stacking of the active regions, which may increase the light generated by a device without increasing the size of the source.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 30, 2002Publication date: April 8, 2004Inventors: William D. Collins, Nathan F. Gardner, Arto V. Nurmikko
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Publication number: 20040015211Abstract: According to embodiments of the invention, one or more implants in a body may be connected with optical fibers for transmitting data and/or power to or from the implants. Aspects of the invention related to various embodiments of the actual implant as well as to various embodiments for connecting optical fibers to the implants.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 4, 2003Publication date: January 22, 2004Inventors: Arto V. Nurmikko, John P. Donoghue, J. Christopher Flaherty, William R. Patterson