Abstract: A reducing apparatus allows each displacement which has been effected to be analyzed and precisely measured. It includes three telescopic bars disposed along the axes x, y and z, respectively, of an orthonormal system, and connected to one another by joining pieces which are movable in relation to the telescopic bars. An angled arm is provided whose ends are formed by two pivoting discs which are disposed in perpendicular planes, these discs permitting the rotation about the axes y and z. Also provided is an adjustable circular sector made up of an arc and a mobile carriage which are intended to effect the rotations about the axis x.

Abstract: A manipulator for reducing a bone fracture has adjustable elements for manipulating external fixation devices which are connected to the bone segments on either side of the fracture. The manipulator includes a circular sector having a first half sector portion and a second half sector portion. The sector portions are coupled for relative sliding movement therebetween for extending and retracting the arc of said circular sector. The manipulator includes a locking element for locking the first and second half sector portion at selected relative positions. Each of said first and second half sector portions has a generally cylindrical recess formed at the outer end thereof.A pair of cylindrical bushings having an outer cylindrical surface with teeth extending parallel to a longitudinal axis of the bushings are provided. One of the cylindrical bushings are rotatably mounted in each of the generally cylindrical recesses in the first and second half sector portions.