Abstract: An optically active 3-aminopyrrolidine (3AP) salt has a high optical purity which is useful as an intermediate in an industrial production method of an optically active 3AP, an efficient method for producing it, and an efficient industrial method for optical resolution of 3AP. Optical resolution of 3AP is efficiently carried out by reacting racemic 3AP with optically active 2-methoxyphenylacetic acid in the presence of a mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid in an aqueous solvent, followed by separation of the resulting diastereomer salt constituted by 1 mole of optically active 3AP and 2 moles of optically active 2-methoxyphenylacetic acid.

Abstract: An optically active 3-aminopyrrolidine (3AP) salt has a high optical purity which is useful as an intermediate in an industrial production method of an optically active 3AP, an efficient method for producing it, and an efficient industrial method for optical resolution of 3AP. Optical resolution of 3AP is efficiently carried out by reacting racemic 3AP with optically active 2-methoxyphenylacetic acid in the presence of a mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid in an aqueous solvent, followed by separation of the resulting diastereomer salt constituted by 1 mole of optically active 3AP and 2 moles of optically active 2-methoxyphenylacetic acid.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for commercial preparation of 3-(methylamino)-1-(2-thienyl)propan-1-ol (hereinafter abbreviated as “MMAA”) of the formula below: The process is carried out by the diastereomeric salt formation method using optically active mandelic acid or its derivatives, or an optically active tartaric acid derivative as the resolving agent. The product compound, diastereomeric satls, is useful as the intermediate for producing pharmaceuticals, such as duloxetine.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for commercial preparation of 3-(methylamino)-1-(2-thienyl)propan-1-ol (hereinafter abbreviated as “MMAA”) of the formula below: The process is carried out by the diastereomeric salt formation method using optically active mandelic acid or its derivatives, or an optically active tartaric acid derivative as the resolving agent. The product compound, diastereomeric satls, is useful as the intermediate for producing pharmaceuticals, such as duloxetine.

Abstract: A method for sterilizing a liquid packaging sleeve-like blank having two open ends and made of a laminated material including a paper layer, includes the steps of sterilizing the blanks by circulating a circulating unit holding a large number of blanks in a sterilizing tank which contains a sterilizing agent, to dip the blanks in the sterilizing agent, and removing the sterilizing agent by circulating another circulating unit holding the large number of blanks in a hot air drying tank in which hot air is blown, to dry the blanks.

Abstract: A method for sterilizing a liquid packaging sleeve-like blank having two open ends and made of a laminated material including a paper layer, includes the steps of sterilizing the blanks by circulating a circulating unit holding a large number of blanks in a sterilizing tank which contains a sterilizing agent, to dip the blanks in the sterilizing agent, and removing the sterilizing agent by circulating another circulating unit holding the large number of blanks in a hot air drying tank in which hot air is blowed, to dry the blanks.

Abstract: A sterilizing apparatus for sterilizing a hollow prism-shaped carton open at both ends includes a sterilizing station, a drying station, and a solution-removing station located between the sterilizing station and the drying station. The solution-removing station has a solution-removing device which rotates intermittently in synchronism with carton conveyers. The solution-removing device includes a plurality of thin and long mandrels extending in a radial direction and spaced apart from each other at regular intervals. Each mandrel supports a carton and has a nozzle which supplies the aseptic air from an aseptic air source into the carton.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of racemization of optically active tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid. (+)-Tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid is useful as a side chain intermediate of the antibiotics of penem series, and is prepared by optical resolution of racemic compound. The remaining (+)-isomer should be racemized and reused as the material for further optical resolution. The racemization can be, in accordance with the present invention, carried out by heating the optically active tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid to a temperature of 100.degree. C. or higher in the presence of a strong base.

Abstract: The present invention provides a microwave heating sterilizer provided with a mechanism for turning over a retainer made from a material being permeable to microwave and which contains a "material to be sterilized" in a cavity irradiated with microwave therein supporting shafts extend from positions determined at point symmetry with respect to the center of the retainer on the opposite ends thereof, and turning-over parts each having a higher slide surface than the other part thereof on the midway of a guide which conveys the retainer and a turning-over groove on the midpoint thereof are provided.