Abstract: An ultraviolet disinfectant head attachable to a fluid container having a central axis for disinfecting a fluid housed in a cavity of the fluid container. The system comprises an ultraviolet light emitting diode (UV-LED) having a principal emission axis and a lens (e.g. a diverging lens) having a primary optical axis. The lens is located and/or oriented to receive radiation from the UV-LED and direct refracted radiation toward the cavity of the fluid container. The refracted radiation may be diverging when it reaches a fill plane of the fluid container.

Abstract: An apparatus for disinfecting a surface of a fluid dispenser comprises a reflector and one or more UV radiation emitters. The reflector has a reflective surface extending around an exterior perimeter (e.g. circumferential) surface of the fluid dispenser. The UV radiation emitters are optically oriented to emit ultraviolet radiation toward the reflective surface. The reflector is configured to direct the ultraviolet radiation toward the exterior perimeter surface.

Abstract: A handle comprises a grip and an ultraviolet radiation emitter operable to emit ultraviolet radiation to disinfect the grip. The grip has a body extending in a longitudinal direction between a proximal end surface located at a proximal end of the grip and a distal end surface located at an opposing distal end of the grip. The ultraviolet radiation emitter is located at the proximal end of the grip and configured to emit ultraviolet radiation. In some embodiments, the ultraviolet radiation emitter is configured to direct ultraviolet radiation from the proximal end and in directions oriented toward the body.

Abstract: Aspects of exemplary fluid disinfection apparatus and methods are described. One aspect is a disinfection apparatus comprising a body comprising a reflecting chamber, a fluid channel to direct a fluid into reflecting chamber, and radiation source positioned to output a disinfecting radiation into the chamber. The body may include an inlet and outlet. For example, the inlet may extend through the body to receive a fluid at a first velocity; the reflecting chamber may extend along an axis of the body; and the outlet may extend through an end of the reflecting chamber to discharge the fluid from the body. In this example, the fluid channel may direct the fluid from the inlet into the reflecting chamber at a second velocity smaller than the first velocity; and the radiation source may be positioned to output the disinfecting radiation into the reflecting chamber toward the outlet.

Abstract: A light emitting assembly comprises an ultraviolet (UV) light emitting diode (LED) coupled to a UV reflector. The reflector has a three-dimensional shape spanning an angular range between 0° and 180° about a principal reflector axis of the reflector. The reflector is smooth and continuous across its entire surface. The UV-LED is directed towards a reflective surface of the reflector instead of towards the fluid to be treated. A central ray of the UV-LED impinges directly on the reflective surface of the reflector.

Abstract: A UV reactor comprises a main chamber extending in a generally longitudinal direction. The main chamber may comprise a UV-LED and a reflective wall located at opposing longitudinal ends of the main chamber. Fluid enters main chamber through a fluid inlet and exits main chamber through a fluid outlet. The fluid inlet may be located at the reflective wall end of the main chamber. The fluid outlet may be located at the UV-LED end of the main chamber.

Abstract: Distributing electromagnetic radiation in a reaction chamber may involve causing at least some electromagnetic radiation from at least one electromagnetic radiation emitter to be refracted by at least one lens into the reaction chamber as refracted electromagnetic radiation skewed laterally relative to a longitudinal direction of the reaction chamber and/or relative to the at least some electromagnetic radiation from the at least one electromagnetic radiation emitter.

Abstract: Aspects of exemplary fluid disinfection apparatus and methods are described. One aspect is a disinfection apparatus comprising a body comprising a reflecting chamber, a fluid channel to direct a fluid into reflecting chamber, and radiation source positioned to output a disinfecting radiation into the chamber. The body may include an inlet and outlet. For example, the inlet may extend through the body to receive a fluid at a first velocity; the reflecting chamber may extend along an axis of the body; and the outlet may extend through an end of the reflecting chamber to discharge the fluid from the body. In this example, the fluid channel may direct the fluid from the inlet into the reflecting chamber at a second velocity smaller than the first velocity; and the radiation source may be positioned to output the disinfecting radiation into the reflecting chamber toward the outlet.