Abstract: The present invention employs an inexpensive method and apparatus for media height sensing. A sheet fed media-using-machine has a media holder. The media holder holds a stack of a variable quantity of sheets of a medium to be supplied to a media-using-machine. The media holder has a structure for supporting the sheets and has a stack pusher which may be a mechanical device that pushes the stack into a position such that said media-using-machine may withdraw the sheets from said stack. The stack pusher has a variable position within a range of motion wherein such position is dependent upon a quantity of sheets in the stack. A variable device is attached to the stack pusher such that an electrical property of said variable device varies in relation to said position thereby allowing calculation of an estimate of the quantity of sheets in said stack, where the calculation is performed using said electrical property.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for providing an incentive to potential consumers who receive e-mail advertisements or other content to render the advertisement on a display or a printer. An advertiser distributes a content packet to one or more consumers. The content packet includes a message and a value that the consumer will receive if the consumer renders the message. The content packet also includes a message identifier for tracking purposes and a bank account identifier that identifies an advertiser bank account. A pre-configured rules module on a consumer device determines if the message will be rendered according to the value assigned to the packet. If the message is rendered, the consumer notifies the advertiser bank that the message was rendered according to instructions contained in the packet, and the value is transferred from the advertiser bank to a consumer account. A sensor on a consumer printer is used to verify that the message was printed.

Abstract: An immersive display system which provides for an optical correlator for imaging a surface and generating data representative of the position or movement of the optical correlator and any object physically associated with the optical correlator. Imagery is generated and displayed on a display device in accordance with the data generated by the optical correlator.

Abstract: Described is an image tracking device that includes an array of light-sensitive elements. A row and a plurality of columns define the array, and an intersection of the row with one of the columns defines a cell frame. The row and columns are arranged in non-rectilinear geometry. Each cell frame has a frame area, and one of the light-sensitive elements is disposed in each cell frame. Each light sensitive element has an active area that generates an electrical signal indicative of light from a portion of an image that is incident within the cell frame containing that element. A fill-factor is defined by the ratio of the active area in a cell frame to the frame area of that cell frame.

Abstract: An immersive display system which provides for an optical correlator for imaging a surface and generating data representative of the position or movement of the optical correlator and any object physically associated with the optical correlator. Imagery is generated and displayed on a display device in accordance with the data generated by the optical correlator.

Abstract: A method and system allow a hand-held digital camera to access and store large volumes of digital image data utilizing a wireless communications link between a host computer and the camera. In an embodiment of the invention, imaging optics and a photosensor array capture image data that represents an image of a subject. A transceiver integrated into the hand-held digital camera then transmits the image data to a host computer via a wireless communications link. The host computer stores the image data, or a copy of the image data, and retransmits related image data or, alternatively, the same image data back to the hand-held digital camera via the wireless communications link. Once the image data is received by the hand-held digital camera, an electronic image is formed by a display device that is integrated into the camera. The host computer may process the digital image data into enhanced digital image, thereby enabling the camera to display an enhanced electronic image of a subject.

Abstract: Structures and methods using crystalline substrates enable precise and accurate manufacture of side-polished fiber optics. A groove constrains a fiber and includes multiple lengthwise portions with constant widths and depths. Where the depth(s) are small enough, the fiber can be side-polished to create a side-polished region. To either end of a side-polished region, groove depths are made large enough to protect the fiber from side-polishing. The curvature(s) of the fiber away from the side-polished region into deeper portions of the groove are controlled by at least the lengths and depths of the multiple lengthwise portions of the groove. A variety of 2, 3, and 4-port fiber optic apparatuses can be constructed using the disclosed structures.

Abstract: A device and method are disclosed for capturing an electronic image signal from the interaction of light with features of, on, or near a media surface. In addition to signature marks, these features can include characters, character strings, symbols, icons, dot pitches, line types, line and character formats, optical densities, color, indentations, texture, and patterns. More specifically, the claimed invention is useful primarily for optically capturing, processing, parameterizing, and identifying hand written signatures, but may also be applied to identification of other surface features such as print, line art, graphics, embossments, textures, colors. The signals are captured, processed, sometimes parameterized, and used to make associations with an identifying name. These associations can be given a statistical probability of correctness.

Abstract: A print monitoring approach is provided in which sequences of irregular two-dimensional frames of image information are captured at a resolution sufficiently high to enable details of individual droplets to be identified. The approach may be used to monitor individual droplets deposited on a medium, such as a sheet of paper, by an inkjet printhead. An optical detector having an irregular two-dimensional array of closely spaced sensor elements is mounted for movement with the inkjet printhead or other print assembly. A processor is responsive to the image frames from the optical detector to adjust print quality parameters when the physical characteristics of the imaged droplets are detected as being outside of a preselected range of acceptability. The physical characteristics that are resolved may include gyrational information or different droplet position information. Optical dot gain can also be measured.

Abstract: Presented are structures and methods by which to align fiber optics side-by-side or end-to-end; to align fiber optics to features in supporting substrates or to objects on supporting substrates; and to align substrates to one another. Alignment grooves are included with particular properties that permit the groove to participate in the moving of a fiber into alignment. A fiber is used in a tapered channel as an alignment key enabling accurate tuning of an optical coupling ratio and efficiency of fiber-optic side-polished couplers, multiplexers, taps, splitters, joiners, filters, modulators and switches. Substrates made of crystal are presented having variable-width grooves and in some cases also variable-depth grooves which form guiding and constraining pathways for fiber optics. The reader will readily appreciate the novel structures and methods applicable to realize manufacturable fiber optics to perform all-fiber photonic functions.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention is a capacitive sensor for sensing the amount of material in a container. This embodiment includes an oscillator that generates an oscillating signal. This oscillator includes an integrating amplifier that is formed by (1) an operational amplifier that has a low-impedance output and a virtually-grounded input, and (2) a capacitor that has a capacitance which depends on the amount of material in the container. The capacitor connects between the low impedance output and the virtually-grounded input of the operational amplifier. In some embodiments, the operational amplifier includes a first amplifier and a second amplifier that are connected in series, with an output of the second amplifier fed back through the capacitor to the input of the first amplifier.

Abstract: A method and system allow a hand-held digital camera to access and store large volumes of digital image data utilizing a wireless communications link between a host computer and the camera. In an embodiment of the invention, imaging optics and a photosensor array capture image data that represents an image of a subject. A transceiver integrated into the hand-held digital camera then transmits the image data to a host computer via a wireless communications link. The host computer stores the image data, or a copy of the image data, and retransmits related image data or, alternatively, the same image data back to the hand-held digital camera via the wireless communications link. Once the image data is received by the hand-held digital camera, an electronic image is formed by a display device that is integrated into the camera. The host computer may process the digital image data into enhanced digital image, thereby enabling the camera to display an enhanced electronic image of a subject.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention is a capacitive sensor for sensing the amount of material in a container. This embodiment includes an oscillator that generates an oscillating signal. This oscillator includes an integrating amplifier that is formed by (1) an operational amplifier that has a low-impedance output and a virtually-grounded input, and (2) a capacitor that has a capacitance which depends on the amount of material in the container. The capacitor connects between the low impedance output and the virtually-grounded input of the operational amplifier In some embodiments, the operational amplifier includes a first amplifier and a second amplifier that are connected in series, with an output of the second amplifier fed back through the capacitor to the input of the first amplifier.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for adjusting a printer is disclosed. An area is printed over, and sensors are used to collect pixel values over the area. Then, metric criteria are applied against pixel values to determine whether or not to adjust the number-density of dots to improve print quality. The apparatus includes a print means, sensor, and processor. It may also include storage to store the pixel values.

Abstract: A print monitoring approach is provided in which sequences of irregular two-dimensional frames of image information are captured at a resolution sufficiently high to enable details of individual droplets to be identified. The approach may be used to monitor individual droplets deposited on a medium, such as a sheet of paper, by an inkjet printhead. An optical detector having an irregular two-dimensional array of closely spaced sensor elements is mounted for movement with the inkjet printhead or other print assembly. A processor is responsive to the image frames from the optical detector to adjust print quality parameters when the physical characteristics of the imaged droplets are detected as being outside of a preselected range of acceptability. The physical characteristics that are resolved may include gyrational information or different droplet position information. Optical dot gain can also be measured.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are described for monitoring the life of an arc lamp bulb. The apparatus includes a memory that stores a threshold property value. An arc lamp bulb property sensor acquires a current arc lamp bulb property value. A control circuit compares the current arc lamp bulb property value with the threshold property value. The control circuit generates an end-of-life notification signal when the current arc lamp bulb property value meets the threshold property value.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and device for identifying recording media in a printer. The invention utilizes fine structure of the media revealed by illumination from one or more directions to distinguish among different kinds of plain papers, coated papers, such as glossy papers, and transparency films. When the medium is bond paper, by introducing light at an angle of less than approximately sixteen degrees relative to the surface, raised surface irregularities cast shadows creating a pattern rich in detail. For glossy surfaces, a high contrast image is obtained in the specular direction from normally incident illumination. The medium surface is imaged on an optoelectronic sensor to form a characteristic vector which is compared with reference vectors, corresponding to different media types, to determine the recording medium. The detection of the recording medium may then be used to change the characteristics of the printer.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to a system for taking displacement measurements of an object. The invention is realized by various embodiments. In one embodiment, the invention utilizes the Moiré effect to take precise displacement measurements of an object. In this regard, a visible pattern is disposed on an object, and a plurality of photosensors are uniformly spaced apart from the visible pattern. Importantly, the spacing between the photosensors is slightly different than the spacing of lines forming a projection or image of the visible pattern. This allows the invention to utilize the Moiré effect to accurately compute precise displacements or movements of the object. In this respect, electrical signal generated by the photosensor array will embody a repeating envelope pattern resulting from the difference in the pitch of the photosensors and the pitch of the projection or image of the visible pattern.

Abstract: A sensing device and method for determining the proximity and lateral movement of a second object relative to a first object. To determine proximity and lateral movement, the second object is illuminated to create light contrasts on that second object that correspond to unique structural and/or printed features of that second object. Light contrast data is compared to reference data to determine proximity and lateral movement of the second object relative to the first object. The invention typically utilizes an illumination source, imaging optics, and a sensor array mounted to the first object. This invention can be used in the end-effectors of a robotic arm to manage handling of a payload. It can also be used as a contact sensor to gate the operation of a manual scanning device when the scanner is brought into contact with the surface of a document.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to a system for taking displacement measurements of an object. The invention is realized by various embodiments. In one embodiment, the invention utilizes the Moiré effect to take precise displacement measurements of an object. In this regard, a visible pattern is disposed on an object, and a plurality of photosensors are uniformly spaced apart from the visible pattern. Importantly, the spacing between the photosensors is slightly different than the spacing of lines forming a projection or image of the visible pattern. This allows the invention to utilize the Moiré effect to accurately compute precise displacements or movements of the object. In this respect, electrical signal generated by the photosensor array will embody a repeating envelope pattern resulting from the difference in the pitch of the photosensors and the pitch of the projection or image of the visible pattern.